19-3453; Rev 1; 12/06
MAX2016 Evaluation Kit
General Description
The MAX2016 evaluation kit (EV kit) is a fully assembled
and tested surface-mount PCB that allows for easy
evaluation of the MAX2016 dual logarithmic
detector/controller. The MAX2016 EV kit includes con-
nections to operate the device as a detector or as a
controller. The RF inputs utilize 50Ω SMA connectors
for convenient connections to test equipment.
Features
♦
Complete Gain and VSWR Detector/Controller
♦
Dual-Channel RF Power Detector/Controller
♦
Low Frequency to 2.5GHz Frequency Range
♦
Exceptional Accuracy Over Temperature
♦
High 80dB Dynamic Range
♦
2.7V to 5.25V* Supply Voltage Range
♦
Internal 2V Reference
♦
Scaling Stable Over Supply and Temperature
Variations
♦
Controller Mode with Error Output
♦
Available in 5mm x 5mm, 28-Pin Thin QFN
Package
*See
the
Power-Supply Connection
section.
Evaluates: MAX2016
Component Suppliers
SUPPLIER
AVX Corp.
Murata Mfg. Co., Ltd.
PHONE
803-946-0690
770-436-1300
WEBSITE
www.avx.com
www.murata.com
PART
MAX2016EVKIT
Ordering Information
TEMP RANGE
-40°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
28 Thin QFN-EP**
**EP
= Exposed paddle.
Note:
Indicate that you are using the MAX2016 when contact-
ing these component suppliers.
Component List
DESIGNATION
C1, C2, C8, C9
C3, C6, C10,
C13
C4, C7, C11,
C14
C5, C12, C15
C16, C17
C18
QTY
4
DESCRIPTION
680pF
±5%,
50V C0G ceramic
capacitors (0402)
Murata GRP1555C1H681J
33pF
±5%,
50V C0G ceramic
capacitors (0402)
Murata GRP1555C1H330J
0.1µF
±10%,
16V X7R ceramic
capacitors (0603)
Murata GRM188R71C104K
Not installed, capacitors (0603)
Not installed, capacitors (0402)
10µF
±10%,
16V tantalum capacitor
(C case)
AVX TAJC106K016R
PCB edge-mount SMA RF
connectors (flat-tab launch)
Johnson 142-0741-856
DESIGNATION
R1–R5
R6
R7–R10
TP1
QTY
5
1
0
1
DESCRIPTION
0Ω resistors (0402)
Any
0Ω resistor (1206)
Any
Not installed, resistors
Large test point for 0.062in PCB
(red)
Mouser 151-107 or equivalent
Large test points for 0.062in PC
board (black)
Mouser 151-103 or equivalent
Large test points for 0.062in PC
board (white)
Mouser 151-101 or equivalent
Not installed, test points
MAX2016ETI
†
PCB: MAX2016EVKIT
4
4
0
0
1
TP2, TP4, TP9
TP3, TP5–TP8,
TP10
TP11, TP12,
TP13
U1
—
3
6
J1, J2
†
The
2
0
1
1
exposed paddle conductor on U1 must be solder-attached
to a grounded pad on the PCB to ensure a proper electrical/ther-
mal design.
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
MAX2016 Evaluation Kit
Evaluates: MAX2016
Quick Start
The MAX2016 EV kit is fully assembled and factory test-
ed. See the
Connections and Setup
section for proper
device evaluation.
on the DC power or the RF signal generator until all
connections are made:
1) With the DC power supply disabled, set it to +3.3V
(through a low internal-resistance ammeter, if
desired) and connect to the V
S
(TP1) terminal.
Connect the power-supply ground to the GND
(TP2) terminal on the EV kit. If available, set the cur-
rent limit to 100mA.
2) Calibrate the power meter at 100MHz.
3) Connect the RF signal generators to the power
meter through a 6dB attenuator pad.
4) Calibrate the signal generator’s output (frequency
= 100MHz) over the desired power range.
Note:
Some power meters may be limited in terms
of their dynamic range.
5) Disable the RF signal generator output powers.
Disconnect the power meter from the attenuator
pad and connect these pad outputs to the RFINA
and RFINB SMAs on the EV kit.
6) Connect the VOUTA, VOUTB, and VOUTD wires to
three voltmeters. Enable the DC power supply. The
DC current of the EV kit should be approximately
43mA.
1.3VDC
Recommended Equipment
• One DC power supply capable of delivering between
2.7V and 5.25V at 100mA (see the
Power-Supply
Connection
section for supply voltages > 3.6V).
• Two signal generators capable of delivering -65dBm
to +5dBm at frequencies between 100MHz and
2.5GHz.
• One high-dynamic-range RF power meter for cali-
brating the signal generator.
• Five digital multimeters (DMMs) to monitor supply
voltage, supply current, and output voltages.
• Two 6dB attenuator pads.
Connection and Setup
This section provides a step-by-step guide to testing
the basic functionality of the EV kit. As a general pre-
caution to prevent damaging the device,
do not turn
1.3VDC
(VOLTMETER)
TP3
VOUTA
TP4
GND
TP5
VOUTB
(VOLTMETER)
100MHz -24dBm
100MHz -24dBm
MAX2016 EV KIT
6dB
J1
SMA
RFINA
TP6
A
TP7
A+B
TP8
B
TP11
CSETH
TP12
CSETL
J2
SMA
RFINB
6dB
VOUTD
TP10
TP1
VS
TP2
GND
3.30VDC
1VDC
3.30VDC
(VOLTMETER)
(VOLTMETER)
43.0mA
(AMMETER)
Figure 1. MAX2016 EV Kit Test Setup Diagram
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
MAX2016 Evaluation Kit
7) Enable the output powers of the RF signal generators.
8) Using the calibration results from step 4, set the
generator outputs to produce -30dBm into RFINA
and RFINB.
9) Verify that an output voltage at VOUTA and VOUTB
of approximately 1.3V is measured on the volt-
meters.
10) Verify that an output voltage at VOUTD of approxi-
mately 1V is measured on the voltmeter.
11) Adjust the signal-generator power levels up and
down to see a corresponding change in VOUTA,
VOUTB, and VOUTD.
SET-POINT
DAC
TRANSMITTER
COUPLER
GAIN-CONTROL
INPUT
RFINA/
RFINB
Evaluates: MAX2016
POWER
AMPLIFIER
OUTA/
OUTB
LOGARITHMIC
DETECTOR
SETA/
SETB
20kΩ
Detailed Description
The MAX2016 EV kit is a fully assembled and tested
surface-mount PCB that evaluates the MAX2016 dual
logarithmic detector/controller. The RF inputs utilize
50Ω SMA connectors for convenient connections to test
equipment.
20kΩ
MAX2016
Individual Log Amps (VOUTA and VOUTB)
The MAX2016 uses two individual log amps to measure
the input power applied to RFINA and RFINB. These
amplifiers are normally configured in detector mode to
provide an output signal proportional to the applied
input power level. The individual log amp output can
also be operated in a controller mode, if desired, to
control an external device using the input power as the
control parameter.
Detector Mode
The MAX2016 EV kit is assembled with a 0Ω resistor for
R1 and R2. This sets the slope of the individual log amp
output signal to approximately 18mV/dB (RF =
100MHz). To increase the slope of either individual out-
put signals, VOUTA or VOUTB, increase the value of R1
or R2, respectively. For example, if a 40kΩ resistor is
used for R1, the slope for the VOUTA signal increases
to 36mV/dB.
Power-Controller Mode
For operation of either VOUTA or VOUTB in controller
mode, remove R1 or R2. A set-point voltage must then
be applied to the SETA or SETB inputs. Use a DAC, an
external precision voltage supply, or the internal refer-
ence output and resistor-divider string to apply the set-
point voltage to SETA or SETB. Operate SETA or SETB
at voltages between 0.6V and 1.6V. RFINA or RFINB
are connected to the RF source and the VOUTA or
VOUTB is connected to the gain-control pin of the sys-
tem under control.
Figure 2. Power-Controller Mode
In the power-controller mode (Figure 2), the DC voltage
at OUTA or OUTB controls the gain of the PA leading to
a constant output power level. (Note: Only one con-
troller channel is shown within the
figure. Since the
MAX2016 is a dual controller/detector, the second
channel can be easily implemented by using the adja-
cent set of input and output connections).
Difference Amplifier (VOUTD)
Comparator
The MAX2016 integrates two comparators to monitor
the difference in power levels (gain) of the RFINA and
RFINB. By default, R4 and R5 are set to be 0Ω.
Therefore, CSETL and CSETH are connected to V
CC,
thus disabling the comparator operations. To enable
the comparator operations, R4 and R5 must be
removed. Load C16 and C17 with 0.1µF capacitors.
Use the reference voltage from the MAX2016 to gener-
ate two voltages through a resistor-divider network
(R7/R8 and R9/R10) to set the CSETH and CSETL trip
points. Alternately, R4, R5, and R7–R10 can be
removed and external voltages applied at CSETH and
CSETL to set the comparator trip points. Be sure to
observe the voltage limits specified in the MAX2016
data sheet.
The logic outputs at each comparator monitor the gain
independently. The COR output, (A + B), ORs the out-
puts of both comparators to tell whether the gain of the
amplifier falls in the range. For more information, refer to
the
Applications Information
section in the MAX2016
data sheet.
3
_______________________________________________________________________________________
MAX2016 Evaluation Kit
Evaluates: MAX2016
Detector Mode
The MAX2016 EV kit is assembled with a 0Ω resistor for
R3. This sets the slope of the difference output signal,
VOUTD, to approximately -25mV/dB (RF = 100MHz). To
increase the slope of the difference output signal,
increase the value of R3. For example, if a 20kΩ resis-
tor is used for R3, the slope for the difference signal
increases to -50mV/dB.
The bandwidth and response time of the difference out-
put amplifier can be controlled with an external capaci-
tor, C15. With no external capacitor, the bandwidth is
greater than 20MHz. Refer to the
Applications
Information
section in the MAX2016 data sheet for the
equation to calculate the required capacitance.
Gain-Controller Mode
The MAX2016 can be used as a gain controller within
an automatic gain-control (AGC) loop. In the gain-con-
troller mode, remove R3. As shown in
Figure 3, RFINA
and RFINB monitor the VGA’s input and output power
levels, respectively. The MAX2016 produces a DC volt-
age at VOUTD that is proportional to the difference in
these two RF input power levels. An internal op amp
compares the DC voltage with a reference voltage at
SETD. The op amp increases or decreases the voltage
at VOUTD until VOUTD equals to SETD. Thus, the
MAX2016 adjusts the gain of the VGA to a level deter-
mined by the voltage applied to SETD. Operate SETD
between 0.5V and 1.5V for the best dynamic range.
VGA
VGA INPUT
COUPLER
GAIN-CONTROL INPUT
SET-POINT
DAC
VGA OUTPUT
COUPLER
SETD
OUTD
MAX2016
20kΩ
RFINA
LOGARITHMIC
DETECTOR
LOGARITHMIC
DETECTOR
RFINB
Figure 3. In the Gain-Controller Mode, the VOUTD Maintains
the Gain of the VGA
Frequency-Response Modifications
The MAX2016 EV kit has been optimized to support a
minimum operating frequency of 100MHz. However, if
desired, the kit can be modified to operate at a lower
frequency. The EV kit design includes external capaci-
tors (C5 and C12) to lower the frequency operation
below 100MHz. These capacitors should be loaded in
conjunction with changes in the values of C1, C2, C8,
and C9 to lower the input frequency range below
100MHz. Refer to the
Applications Information
section
in the MAX2016 data sheet for the equation to calculate
the required capacitance.
and close placement of the parts to the IC. The
MAX2016 package exposed paddle (EP) conducts heat
from the part and provides a low-impedance electrical
connection. The EP must be attached to the PCB
ground plane with a low thermal and electrical contact.
Ideally, this can be achieved by soldering the backside
package contact directly to a top metal ground plane on
the PCB. Alternatively, the EP can be connected to a
ground plane using an array of plated vias directly
below the EP. The MAX2016 EV kit uses nine equally
spaced, 0.012in-diameter, plated through holes to con-
nect the EP to the lower ground planes.
Keep the input traces carrying RF signals as short as
possible to minimize radiation and insertion loss due to
the PCB. The isolation of the RF inputs is dependent
upon the layout of these traces, which must be physical-
ly isolated from one another for optimum performance.
Each power-supply node on the PCB should have its
own decoupling capacitor. This minimizes supply cou-
pling from one section of the PCB to another. Using a
star topology for the supply layout, in which each power-
supply node in the circuit has a separate connection to
the central node, can further minimize coupling between
sections of the PCB.
Power-Supply Connection
The MAX2016 is designed to operate from a single
+2.7V to +3.6V supply. To operate under a higher sup-
ply voltage range, a resistor must be connected in
series with the power supply and V
CC
to reduce the
voltage delivered to the chip. For a +4.75V to +5.25V
supply, change R6 to a 37.4Ω (±1%) resistor.
Layout Considerations
The MAX2016 evaluation board can be a guide for
board layout. Pay close attention to the thermal design
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
MAX2016 Evaluation Kit
Evaluates: MAX2016
VREF
TP3
GND
TP4
VOUTA
R1
C5
28
C4
C3
FA2
1
2
J1
SMA
RFINA
C1
C2
4
TP6
A
VCC VREF
3
27
OUTA
26
SETA
25
REF
24
SETB
23
OUTB
22
FB2
21
20
19
C9
18
C8
J2
SMA
RFINB
C10
C11
R2
C12
TP13
TP5
VOUTB
VS
TP1
VCC
R6
C18
GND
TP2
VCC
VCC
FA1
V
CC
RFINA+
RFINA-
U1
FB1
V
CC
RFINB+
RFINB-
5 GND
6
7
COUTH
CSETH
MAX2016
EXPOSED
PADDLE
OUTD
SETD
V
CC
V
CC
GND 17
COUTL
CSETL
16
15
VREF VCC
TP8
B
COR
FV2
R4
CSETH
TP11
R7
A+B
R8
TP7
VCC
FV1
R9
C15
R5
CSETL
TP12
R10
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
VCC
C16
GND
TP9
C7
C6
C13
C14
C17
R3
VOUTD
TP10
NOTE:
VREF IS AN OUTPUT
FROM THE CHIP.
Figure 4. MAX2016 EV Kit Schematic
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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