VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
Preliminary Datasheet
VSC7139
Features
• Four Complete Transmitter/ Receiver Functions
in a Single Integrated Circuit
• Full Fibre Channel (T11) and Gigabit Ethernet
(IEEE 802.3z) Compliance
• 1.05Gb/s to 1.36Gb/s Operation per Channel
• Common or Per-Channel Transmit Byte Clocks
• TTL or PECL Reference Clock Input
• 1/10
th
or 1/20
th
Baud Rate Recovered Clocks
Quad Transceiver for
Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel
• Common and Per-Channel, Serial and Paral-
lel Loopback Controls
• Common Comma Detect Enable Inputs
• Per-Channel Comma Detect Outputs
• Cable Equalization in Receivers
• Automatic Lock-to-Reference
• 3.3V Power Supply, 2.67 W Max Power
Dissipation
• 208-Pin, 23mm BGA Packaging
General Description
The VSC7139 is a full-speed Quad Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver IC. Each of the four
transmitters has a 10-bit wide bus, running up to 136MHz, which accepts 8B/10B encoded transmit characters
and serializes the data onto high speed differential outputs at speeds up to 1.36Gb/s. The transmit data can be
synchronous to the reference clock, a common transmit byte clock or a per-channel transmit byte clock. Each
receiver samples serial receive data, recovers the clock and data, deserializes it into 10-bit receive characters,
outputs a recovered clock and detects “Comma” characters. The VSC7139 contains on-chip (PLL) circuitry for
synthesis of the baud-rate transmit clock and extraction of the clocks from the received serial streams.
VSC7139 Block Diagram (1 of 4 Channels)
Rx(0:9)
10
QD
Serial to
Q Parallel D
÷10
QD
0
1
Clock
Recovery
Rx+
Rx-
RCM
RCx1
RCx0
SYNCx
ENCDET
PLUP
SLPN
LPNx
Tx(0:9)
SEL
÷10/
÷20
Comma
Detect
Loopback
Control
4
0
10
DQ
4
Parallel
to Serial
DQ
1
Tx+
Tx-
TBCx
REFT
REF+
REF-
RFCM
LTCN
4
Clock
Multiply
Unit
x10/x20
RFCO0
RFCO1
G52196-0, Rev 3.3
5/14/01
©
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
• 741 Calle Plano • Camarillo, CA 93012
Tel: (800) VITESSE • FAX: (805) 987-5896 • Email: prodinfo@vitesse.com
Internet: www.vitesse.com
Page 1
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
Quad Transceiver for
Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel
Preliminary Datasheet
VSC7139
Functional Description
Notation
In this document, each of the four channels are identified as Channel A, B, C or D. When discussing a sig-
nal on any specific channel, the signal will have the Channel letter embedded in the name, i.e., “TA(0:9).” When
referring to the common behavior of a signal which is used on each of the four channels, a lower case “x” is
used in the signal name, i.e. Tx(0:9). Differential signals, i.e. RA+ and RA-, may be referred to as a single sig-
nal, i.e. RA, by dropping reference to the “+” and “-”. “REF” refers to either the TTL input REFT, or the PECL
differential inputs REF+/REF-, whichever is used.
Clock Synthesizer
The VSC7139 clock synthesizer multiplies the reference frequency provided on the REF input by 10 or 20
to achieve a baud rate clock between 1.05GHz and 1.36GHz. The REF input can be either TTL or PECL. If
TTL, connect the TTL input clock to REFT. If PECL, connect the PECL inputs to REF+ and REF-. The internal
clock presented to the Clock Synthesizer is a logical XNOR of REFT and REF+/-. The reference clock will be
active HIGH if the unused input is HIGH. The reference clock is active LOW if the unused input is LOW. REFT
has an internal pull-up resistor. Internal biasing resistors set the proper DC level on REF+/- so AC-coupling may
be used.
The TTL outputs, RFCO0 and RFCO1, provide a clock that is frequency locked to the REF input. This
clock is derived from the clock synthesizer and is always 1/10 the baud rate, regardless of the state of the RFCM
input.
The on-chip PLL uses a single external 0.1µF capacitor, connected between CAP0 and CAP1, to control the
Loop Filter. This capacitor should be a multilayer ceramic dielectric, or better, with at least a 5V working
voltage rating and a good temperature coefficient, i.e., NPO is preferred but X7R may be acceptable. These
capacitors are used to minimize the impact of common mode noise on the Clock Multiplier Unit (CMU),
especially power supply noise. Higher value capacitors provide better robustness in systems. NPO is preferred
because if an X7R capacitor is used, the power supply noise sensitivity will vary with temperature.
For best noise immunity, the designer may use a three capacitor circuit with one differential capacitor
between CAP0 and CAP1, C1, a capacitor from CAP0 to ground, C2, and a capacitor from CAP1 to ground,
C3. Larger values are better but 0.1µF is adequate. However, if the designer cannot use a three capacitor circuit,
a single differential capacitor, C1, is adequate. These components should be isolated from noisy traces.
Figure 1: Loop Filter Capacitors (Best Circuit)
CAP0
C2
C1
C3
VSC7139
CAP1
C1=C2=C3= >0.1µF
MultiLayer Ceramic
Surface Mount
NPO (Preferred) or X7R
5V Working Voltage Rating
Page 2
©
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
• 741 Calle Plano • Camarillo, CA 93012
Tel: (800) VITESSE • FAX: (805) 987-5896 • Email: prodinfo@vitesse.com
Internet: www.vitesse.com
G52196-0, Rev 3.3
5/14/01
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
Preliminary Datasheet
VSC7139
Quad Transceiver for
Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel
Serializer
The VSC7139 accepts TTL input data as a parallel 10 bit character on the Tx(0:9) bus which is latched into
the input register on the rising edge of either REF or TBCx. Three clocking modes are available and automati-
cally detected by the VSC7139. If TBCC is static and RFCM is HIGH, then all four Tx(0:9) busses are latched
on the rising edges of REF. If TBCC is static and RFCM is LOW, then REF is multiplied by 20 and the input
busses are latched on the rising edges of REF and at the midpoint between rising edges. If TBCC is toggling but
TBCB is static, then all four Tx(0:9) busses are latched on the rising edges of TBCC. If TBCB and TBCC are
both toggling then the rising edge of each TBCx latches the corresponding Tx(0:9) bus.
The active TBCC or TBCx inputs must be frequency-locked to REF. There is no specified phase relation-
ship. Prior to normal data transmission, LTCN must be asserted LOW so that the VSC7139 can lock to TBCx
which may result in corrupted data being transmitted. Once LTCN has been raised HIGH, the transmitters
remain locked to REF and can tolerate +2 bit times of drift in TBCx relative to REF.
The 10-bit parallel transmission character will be serialized and transmitted on the Tx PECL differential
outputs at the baud rate with bit Tx0 (bit a) transmitted first. User data should be encoded using 8B/10B or an
equivalent code. The mapping to 10B encoded bit nomenclature and transmission order is shown in Table 1,
along with the recognized comma pattern.
Table 1: Transmission Order and Mapping of a 10B Character
Data Bit
10B Bit Position
Comma Character
Tx9
j
x
Tx8
h
x
Tx7
g
x
Tx6
f
1
Tx5
i
1
Tx4
e
1
Tx3
d
1
Tx2
c
1
Tx1
b
0
Tx0
a
0
Clock Recovery
The VSC7139 accepts differential high speed serial input from the selected source (either the PECL Rx+/
Rx- pins or the internal Tx+/- data), extracts the clock and retimes the data. Equalizers are included in the
receiver to open the data eye and compensate for InterSymbol Interference (ISI) which may be present in the
incoming data. The serial bit stream should be encoded so as to provide DC balance and limited run length by
an 8B/10B encoding scheme. The digital Clock Recovery Unit (CRU) is completely monolithic and requires no
external components. For proper operation, the baud rate of the data stream to be recovered should be within
+200 ppm of ten times the REF frequency. For example, Gigabit Ethernet systems would use 125MHz oscilla-
tors with a +100ppm accuracy resulting in +200 ppm between VSC7139 pairs.
Deserializer
The recovered serial bit stream is converted into a 10-bit parallel output character. The VSC7139 provides
complementary TTL recovered clocks, RCx0 and RCx1, which are at one-twentieth of the serial baud rate (if
RCM=LOW) or one-tenth (if RCM=HIGH). The clocks are generated by dividing down the high-speed recov-
ered clock which is phase locked to the serial data. The serial data is retimed, deserialized and output on
Rx(0:9).
If serial input data is not present, or does not meet the required baud rate, the VSC7139 will continue to
produce a recovered clock so that downstream logic may continue to function. The RCx0/RCx1 output fre-
quency under these circumstances will differ from its expected frequency by no more than +1%.
G52196-0, Rev 3.3
5/14/01
©
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
• 741 Calle Plano • Camarillo, CA 93012
Tel: (800) VITESSE • FAX: (805) 987-5896 • Email: prodinfo@vitesse.com
Internet: www.vitesse.com
Page 3
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
Quad Transceiver for
Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel
Word Alignment
Preliminary Datasheet
VSC7139
The VSC7139 provides 7-bit comma character recognition and data word alignment. Word synchronization
is enabled on all channels by asserting ENCDET HIGH. When synchronization is enabled, the receiver exam-
ines the recovered serial data for the presence of the “Comma” pattern. This pattern is “0011111XXX”, where
the leading zero corresponds to the first bit received. The comma sequence is not contained in any normal 8B/
10B coded data character or pair of adjacent characters. It occurs only within special characters, known as
K28.1, K28.5 and K28.7, which are defined for synchronization purposes. Improper comma alignment is
defined as any of the following conditions:
1. The comma is not aligned within the 10-bit transmission character such that Rx(0...6) = “0011111”.
2. The comma straddles the boundary between two 10-bit transmission characters.
3. The comma is properly aligned but occurs in the received character presented during the rising edge of
RCx0 rather than RCx1.
When ENCDET is HIGH and an improperly-aligned comma is encountered, the recovered clock is
stretched, never slivered, so that the comma character and recovered clocks are aligned properly to Rx(0:9).
This results in proper character and word alignment. When the parallel data alignment changes in response to a
improperly-aligned comma pattern, data which would have been presented on the parallel output port prior to
the comma character, and possibly the comma character itself, may be lost. Possible loss of the comma charac-
ter is data dependent, according to the relative change in alignment. Data subsequent to the comma character
will always be output correctly and properly aligned. When ENCDET is LOW, the current alignment of the
serial data is maintained indefinitely, regardless of data pattern.
On encountering a comma character, SYNCx is driven HIGH. The SYNCx pulse is presented simulta-
neously with the comma character and has a duration equal to the data. The SYNCx signal is timed such that it
can be captured by the adjoining protocol logic on the rising edge of RCx1. Functional waveforms for synchro-
nization are given in Figure 2. The first K28.5 shows the case where the comma is detected, but it is misaligned
so a change in the output data alignment is required. Note that up to three characters prior to the comma charac-
ter may be corrupted by the realignment process. The second K28.5 shows the case when a comma is detected
and no phase adjustment is necessary. Figure 2 illustrates the position of the SYNCx pulse in relation to the
comma character on Rx(0:9).
Figure 2: Misaligned and Aligned K28.5 Characters
RCx0
(RCM LOW)
RCx1
RCx0
(RCM HIGH)
RCx1
SYNCx
Rx(0:9)
Data
Corrupt
Corrupt
Corrupt
K28.5
Data1
Data2
Data3
K28.5
Misaligned Comma: Stretched
Aligned Comma
Page 4
©
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
• 741 Calle Plano • Camarillo, CA 93012
Tel: (800) VITESSE • FAX: (805) 987-5896 • Email: prodinfo@vitesse.com
Internet: www.vitesse.com
G52196-0, Rev 3.3
5/14/01
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
Preliminary Datasheet
VSC7139
Quad Transceiver for
Gigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel
Loopback Operation
Loopback operation is controlled by the PLUP (Parallel Loopback), SLPN (Serial Loopback) and LPNx
inputs as shown in Table 2. LPNx enables PLUP/SLPN on a per-channel basis when LOW. If LPNx is HIGH,
PLUP/SLPN have no impact on Channel x. When SLPN and PLUP are both HIGH the transmitter output is
held HIGH. When RXx is looped back to TXx, the data goes through a clock recovery unit so much of the input
jitter is removed. However, the TXx outputs may not meet jitter specifications listed in the “Transmitter AC
Specifications” due to low frequency jitter transfer from RXx to TXx.
Table 2: Loopback Selection
LPNx
PLUP
SLPN
LOW
HIGH
LOW
HIGH
X
Tranmitter Source
Receiver
Transmitter
Transmitter
HIGH
Transmitter
Receiver Source
Receiver
Receiver
Transmitter
Transmitter
Receiver
LOW
LOW
LOW
LOW
HIGH
LOW
LOW
HIGH
HIGH
X
JTAG Access Port
A JTAG Access Port is provided to assist in board-level testing. Through this port most pins can be
accessed or controlled and all TTL outputs can be tri-stated. A full description of the JTAG functions on this
device is available in “VSC7139 JTAG Access Port Functionality.”
G52196-0, Rev 3.3
5/14/01
©
VITESSE
SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION
• 741 Calle Plano • Camarillo, CA 93012
Tel: (800) VITESSE • FAX: (805) 987-5896 • Email: prodinfo@vitesse.com
Internet: www.vitesse.com
Page 5