19-5328; Rev 0; 7/10
TION KIT
EVALUA BLE
AVAILA
0 to 16V, Hot-Swap Controller with 10-Bit
Current, Voltage Monitor, and 4 LED Drivers
General Description
The MAX5978 hot-swap controller provides complete pro-
tection for systems with a supply voltage from 0 to 16V.
The device includes four programmable LED outputs.
The IC provides two programmable levels of overcur-
rent circuit-breaker protection: a fast-trip threshold for
a fast turn-off, and a lower slow-trip threshold for a
delayed turn-off. The maximum overcurrent circuit-
breaker threshold range is set with a trilevel logic input
(IRNG), or by programming through the I
2
C interface.
The IC is an advanced hot-swap controller that monitors
voltage and current with an internal 10-bit ADC, which is
continuously multiplexed to convert the output voltage
and current at 10ksps. Each 10-bit sample is stored in an
internal circular buffer so that 50 past samples of each
signal can be read back through the I
2
C interface at any
time or after a fault condition.
The device includes five user-programmable digital
comparators to implement overcurrent warning and two
levels of overvoltage/undervoltage detection. When mea-
sured values violate the programmable limits, an external
ALERT
output is asserted. In addition to the
ALERT
sig-
nal, the IC can be programmed to deassert the power-
good signal and/or turn off the external MOSFET.
The IC features four I/Os that can be independently
configured as general-purpose input/outputs (GPIOs) or
as open-drain LED drivers with programmable blinking.
These four I/Os can be configured for any mix of LED
driver or GPIO function.
The device is available in a 32-pin thin QFN-EP pack-
age and operates over the -40NC to +85NC extended
temperature range.
Features
S
Hot-Swap Controller Operates from 0 to 16V
S
10-Bit ADC Monitors Load Voltage and Current
S
Circular Buffers Store 5ms of Current and Voltage
MAX5978
Measurements
S
Internal Charge Pump Generates n-Channel
MOSFET Gate Drive
S
Internal 500mA Gate Pulldown Current for Fast
Shutdown
S
VariableSpeed/Bilevel™ Circuit-Breaker
Protection
S
Precision-Voltage Enable Input
S
Alert Output Indicates Fault and Warning
Conditions
S
Open-Drain Power-Good Output with
Programmable Polarity
S
Open-Drain Fault Output
S
Four Open-Drain General-Purpose Outputs Sink
25mA to Directly Drive LEDs
S
Programmable LED Flashing Function
S
Latched-Off Fault Management
S
400kHz I
2
C Interface
S
Small, 5mm x 5mm, 32-Pin TQFN-EP Package
Applications
Blade Servers
DC Power Metering
Disk Drives/DASD/Storage Systems
Soft-Switch for ASICs, FPGAs, and
Microcontrollers
Network Switches/Routers
Ordering Information
PART
MAX5978ETJ+
TEMP RANGE
-40NC to +85NC
PIN-PACKAGE
32 TQFN-EP*
+Denotes
a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
*EP
= Exposed pad.
VariableSpeed/Bilevel is a trademark of Maxim Integrated
Products, Inc.
_______________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
0 to 16V, Hot-Swap Controller with 10-Bit
Current, Voltage Monitor, and 4 LED Drivers
MAX5978
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
IN, SENSE, MON, GATE to AGND ...................... -0.3V to +30V
LED_ to AGND .....................................................-0.3V to +16V
PG, ON,
ALERT, FAULT,
SDA, SCL to AGND .......-0.3V to +6V
REG, DREG, IRNG, MODE, PROT, A_ to AGND ...-0.3V to +4V
REG to DREG ......................................................-0.3V to +0.3V
HWEN, POL to AGND ............................-0.3V to (V
REG
+ 0.3V)
GATE to MON ........................................................-0.3V to +6V
GND, DGND to AGND ........................................-0.3V to +0.3V
SDA,
ALERT
Current ...................................... -20mA to +50mA
LED_ Current ................................................ -20mA to +100mA
GATE, MON, GND Current .............................................750mA
*As
per JEDEC51 Standard (Multilayer Board).
Note 1:
Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-
layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to
www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial.
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
All Other Pins Input/Output Current ..................................20mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70NC)*
32-Pin TQFN (derate 34.5mW/NC above +70NC) ..... 2759mW*
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (B
JA
) (Note 1).....+29NC/W
Operating Temperature Range ........................ -40NC to +85NC
Junction Temperature .................................................. +150NC
Storage Temperature Range ......................... -65NC to +150NC
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ...............................+300NC
Soldering Temperature (reflow) .....................................+260NC
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
IN
= 2.7V to 16V, T
A
= -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
IN
= 3.3V and T
A
= +25NC.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
Supply Input Voltage Range
Hot-Swap Voltage Range
Supply Current
Internal LDO Output Voltage
Undervoltage Lockout
Undervoltage-Lockout
Hysteresis
MON, SENSE Input Voltage
Range
SENSE Input Current
MON Input Current
Current Measurement LSB
Voltage
V
SENSE
, V
MON
= 16V
V
SENSE
, V
MON
= 16V
25mV range
50mV range
100mV range
V
MON
= 0V
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 5mV
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 20mV
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 5mV
-6.57
-6.71
-9.71
-10.24
-4.24
-4.53
-4.50
-4.20
I
IN
REG
UVLO
UVLO
HYS
I
REG
= 0 to 5mA, V
IN
= 2.7V to 16V
V
IN
rising
100
2.49
SYMBOL
V
IN
CONDITIONS
MIN
2.7
0
2.5
2.53
TYP
MAX
16
16
4
2.6
2.6
UNITS
V
V
mA
V
V
mV
CURRENT-MONITORING FUNCTION
0
32
180
24.34
48.39
96.77
+6.22
+6.82
+8.92
+9.36
+3.78
+5.36
+4.00
+4.50
%FS
%FS
FV
16
75
280
V
FA
FA
Current Measurement Error
(25mV Range)
Current Measurement Error
(50mV Range)
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 20mV
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 10mV
V
MON
= 0V
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 40mV
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 10mV
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 40mV
2
0 to 16V, Hot-Swap Controller with 10-Bit
Current, Voltage Monitor, and 4 LED Drivers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN
= 2.7V to 16V, T
A
= -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
IN
= 3.3V and T
A
= +25NC.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
Current Measurement Error
(100mV Range)
SYMBOL
V
MON
= 0V
CONDITIONS
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 20mV
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 80mV
MIN
-2.70
-3.63
-3.14
-3.80
-2.106
-2.986
-3.000
-3.500
-3.1188
-4.873
-3.2668
-4.7
-4.7987
-8.9236
-4.9991
-8.262
-1.7965
-1.86
-2.149
-2.2285
-2.3992
-2.5146
-2.4716
-2.7421
-3.3412
-3.8762
-3.2084
-3.8424
2
2.4
1.2
0.8
ms
TYP
MAX
+2.43
+4.56
+3.19
+3.93
+0.888
+0.641
+1.000
+1.500
+0.926
+0.3421
+0.9228
+1.0212
+1.1812
+0.202
+0.6374
+1
+1.5496
+1.5916
+1.9868
+1.9982
+1.8723
+2.1711
+2.181
+2.1152
+2.989
+3.6789
+2.7798
+2.6483
Fs
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
mV
%FS
UNITS
MAX5978
Fast Current-Limit Threshold
Error (25mV Range)
V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 20mV
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V V
SENSE
- V
MON
= 80mV
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
V
MON
= 0V
Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
V
MON
= 0V
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
Fast Current-Limit Threshold
Error (50mV Range)
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
V
MON
= 0V
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
Fast Current-Limit Threshold
Error (100mV Range)
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
V
MON
= 0V
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
Slow Current-Limit Threshold
Error (25mV Range)
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
V
MON
= 0V
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
Slow Current-Limit Threshold
Error (50mV Range)
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
V
MON
= 0V
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
Slow Current-Limit Threshold
Error (100mV Range)
Fast Circuit-Breaker
Response Time
Slow Current-Limit Response
Time
THREE-STATE INPUTS
A1, A0, IRNG, MODE, PROT
Low Current
A1, A0, IRNG, MODE, PROT
High Current
A1, A0, IRNG, MODE, PROT
Open Current
A1, A0, IRNG, MODE, PROT
Low Voltage
I
IN_LOW
I
IN_HIGH
I
FLOAT
Circuit breaker, DAC = 102
V
MON
=
2.5V to 16V Circuit breaker, DAC = 255
t
FCB
Overdrive = 10% of current-sense range
Overdrive = 4% of current-sense range
t
SCB
Overdrive = 8% of current-sense range
Overdrive = 16% of current-sense range
Input voltage = 0.4V
Input voltage = V
REG
- 0.2V
Maximum source/sink current for open
state
Relative to AGND
-40
40
-4
+4
0.4
FA
FA
FA
V
3
0 to 16V, Hot-Swap Controller with 10-Bit
Current, Voltage Monitor, and 4 LED Drivers
MAX5978
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN
= 2.7V to 16V, T
A
= -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
IN
= 3.3V and T
A
= +25NC.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
A1, A0, IRNG, MODE, PROT
High Voltage
TWO-STATE INPUTS
HWEN, POL Input Logic Low
Voltage
HWEN, POL Input Logic High
Voltage
HWEN, POL Input Current
ON Input Voltage
ON Input Hysteresis
ON Input Current
TIMING
50
MON-to-PG Delay
Register configurable (see Tables 30a and
30b)
100
200
400
CHARGE PUMP (GATE)
Charge-Pump Output Voltage
Charge-Pump Output Source
Current
GATE Discharge Current
OUTPUT (FAULT, PG,
ALERT)
Output-Voltage Low
Output Leakage Current
LED INPUT/OUTPUT
LED_ Input Threshold Low
Level
LED_ Input Threshold High
Level
LED_ Output Low
LED_ Input Leakage Current
(Open Drain)
LED_ Weak Pullup Current
ADC PERFORMANCE
Resolution
Maximum Integral
Nonlinearity
ADC Total Monitoring Cycle
Time
INL
95
10
1
100
110
Bits
LSB
Fs
V
IL
V
IH
V
OH
I
GPIO_IX
I
PU_WEAK
I
LED_
= 25mA
V
LED_
= 16V
V
LED_
= V
IN
- 0.65V
-1
2
1.4
0.7
+1
0.4
V
V
V
FA
FA
V
GATE
- V
MON
= 2V
I
SINK
= 3.2mA
Relative to V
MON
, I
GATE
= 0V
4.5
4
5.3
5
500
0.2
1
5.5
6
V
FA
mA
V
FA
ms
V
ON
V
ONHYS
-100
V
REG
- 0.4
-1
0.582
0.592
4
+100
+1
0.602
0.4
V
V
FA
V
%
nA
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
Relative to V
REG
MIN
-0.24
TYP
MAX
UNITS
V
4
0 to 16V, Hot-Swap Controller with 10-Bit
Current, Voltage Monitor, and 4 LED Drivers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN
= 2.7V to 16V, T
A
= -40NC to +85NC, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
IN
= 3.3V and T
A
= +25NC.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
16V range
MON LSB Voltage
8V range
4V range
2V range
16V range
MON Code 000H to 001H
Transition Voltage
I
2
C INTERFACE
Serial-Clock Frequency
Bus Free Time Between
STOP and START Conditions
START Condition Setup Time
START Condition Hold Time
STOP Condition Setup Time
Clock High Period
Clock Low Period
Data Setup Time
Data Hold Time
Output Fall Time
Pulse Width of Spike
Suppressed
SDA, SCL Input High Voltage
SDA, SCL Input Low Voltage
SDA, SCL Input Hysteresis
SDA, SCL Input Current
SDA, SCL Input Capacitance
SDA Output Voltage
V
OL
I
SINK
= 4mA
f
SCL
t
BUF
t
SU:STA
t
HD:STA
t
SU:STO
t
HIGH
t
LOW
t
SU:DAT
t
HD:DAT
t
OF
t
SP
V
IH
V
IL
V
HYST
-1
15
0.4
0.22
+1
1.8
0.8
Transmit
Receive
C
BUS
= 10pF to 400pF
50
1.3
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
1.3
100
100
300
900
250
400
kHz
Fs
Fs
Fs
Fs
Fs
Fs
ns
ns
ns
ns
V
V
V
FA
pF
V
8V range
4V range
2V range
CONDITIONS
MIN
15.23
7.655
3.811
1.899
10
4.7
2
0.5
TYP
15.49
7.743
3.875
1.934
25
12
6
3
MAX
15.69
7.811
3.933
1.966
41
21
12
5.5
mV
mV
UNITS
MAX5978
5
Note 2:
All devices 100% production tested at T
A
= +25NC. Limits over the temperature range are guaranteed by design.
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