POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
PA10 • PA10A
M I C R O T E C H N O L O G Y
HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM
(800) 546-APEX
(800) 546-2739
FEATURES
•
•
•
•
•
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT — 4MHz
TEMPERATURE RANGE — –55 to +125° C (PA10A)
EXCELLENT LINEARITY — Class A/B Output
WIDE SUPPLY RANGE —
±10V
to
±50V
HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT —
±5A
Peak
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
•
•
MOTOR, VALVE AND ACTUATOR CONTROL
MAGNETIC DEFLECTION CIRCUITS UP TO 4A
POWER TRANSDUCERS UP TO 100kHz
TEMPERATURE CONTROL UP TO 180W
PROGRAMMABLE POWER SUPPLIES UP TO 90V
AUDIO AMPLIFIERS UP TO 60W RMS
TYPICAL APPLICATION
R2A
+42V
R1A
PA10
CONTROL
.82
Ω
R1B
–42V
R2B
LOAD
0-24
Ω
.82
Ω
R
S
DESCRIPTION
The PA10 and PA10A are high voltage, high output current
operational amplifiers designed to drive resistive, inductive and
capacitive loads. For optimum linearity, the output stage is
biased for class A/B operation. The safe operating area (SOA)
can be observed for all operating conditions by selection of user
programmable current limiting resistors. Both amplifiers are
internally compensated for all gain settings. For continuous
operation under load, a heatsink of proper rating is recom-
mended.
This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes thick film (cermet)
resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to maxi-
mize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultra-
sonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnec-
tions at all operating temperatures. The 8-pin TO-3 package is
hermetically sealed and electrically isolated. The use of com-
pressible isolation washers voids the warranty.
FIGURE 1. VOLTAGE-TO-CURRENT CONVERSION
DC and low distortion AC current waveforms are delivered
to a grounded load by using matched resistors (A and B
sections) and taking advantage of the high common mode
rejection of the PA10.
Foldover current limit is used to modify current limits based
on output voltage. When load resistance drops to 0, the current
is limited based on output voltage. When load resistance
drops to 0, the current limit is 0.79A resulting in an internal
dissipation of 33.3 W. When output voltage increases to 36V,
the current limit is 1.69A. Refer to Application Note 9 on
foldover limiting for details.
EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC
3
D1
Q2A
Q1
Q2B
EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS
+V
S
2
Q3
CL+
3
2
1
R
CL+
OUT
OUTPUT
+IN
Q4
Q5
1
7
8
4
TOP VIEW
–IN
5
6
7
8
CL–
R
CL–
4
A1
5
6
C1
Q6A
Q6B
–V
S
FO
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
• TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com
PA10 • PA10A
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +V
S
to –V
S
OUTPUT CURRENT, within SOA
POWER DISSIPATION, internal
INPUT VOLTAGE, differential
INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode
TEMPERATURE, pin solder - 10s
TEMPERATURE, junction
1
TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
PA10
TEST CONDITIONS
2, 5
MIN
TYP
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SPECIFICATIONS
100V
5A
67W
±V
S
–3V
±V
S
300°C
200°C
–65 to +150°C
–55 to +125°C
PA10A
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
SPECIFICATIONS
PARAMETER
INPUT
OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. supply
OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. power
BIAS CURRENT, initial
BIAS CURRENT, vs. temperature
BIAS CURRENT, vs. supply
OFFSET CURRENT, initial
OFFSET CURRENT, vs. temperature
INPUT IMPEDANCE, DC
INPUT CAPACITANCE
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE
3
COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC
3
GAIN
OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz
OPEN LOOP GAIN at 10Hz
GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT @ 1MHz
POWER BANDWIDTH
PHASE MARGIN
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE SWING
3
VOLTAGE SWING
3
VOLTAGE SWING
3
CURRENT, peak
SETTLING TIME to .1%
SLEW RATE
CAPACITIVE LOAD
CAPACITIVE LOAD
CAPACITIVE LOAD
POWER SUPPLY
VOLTAGE
CURRENT, quiescent
THERMAL
RESISTANCE, AC, junction to case
4
RESISTANCE, DC, junction to case
RESISTANCE, junction to air
TEMPERATURE RANGE, case
NOTES:
*
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
T
C
= –55 to +125°C, F > 60Hz
T
C
= –55 to +125°C
T
C
= –55 to +125°C
Meets full range specifications
Full temperature range
T
C
= 25°C
±10
8
T
C
= 25°C, I
O
= 5A
Full temp. range, I
O
= 2A
Full temp. range, I
O
= 80mA
T
C
= 25°C
T
C
= 25°C, 2V step
T
C
= 25°C
Full temperature range, A
V
= 1
Full temperature range, A
V
= 2.5
Full temperature range, A
V
> 10
±V
S
–8
±V
S
–6
±V
S
–5
5
2
T
C
= 25°C, 1KΩ load
Full temp. range, 15Ω load
T
C
= 25°C, 15Ω load
T
C
= 25°C, 15Ω load
Full temp. range, 15Ω load
96
10
T
C
= 25°C
Full temperature range
T
C
= 25°C
T
C
= 25°C
T
C
= 25°C
Full temperature range
T
C
= 25°C
T
C
= 25°C
Full temperature range
T
C
= 25°C
T
C
= 25°C
Full temperature range
Full temp. range, V
CM
=
±V
S
–6V
±V
S
–5
74
±2
±10
±30
±20
12
±50
.±10
±12
±50
200
3
±V
S
–3
100
±6
±65
±200
30
±500
±30
*
*
±1
*
*
*
10
*
*
±5
*
*
*
*
*
±3
±40
*
20
*
±10
mV
µV/°C
µV/V
µVW
nA
pA/°C
pA/V
nA
pA/°C
MΩ
pF
V
dB
110
108
4
15
20
±V
S
–5
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
dB
dB
MHz
kHz
°
V
V
V
A
µs
V/µs
nF
nF
nF
±V
S
–6
*
*
*
*
.68
10
SOA
*
2
3
*
*
*
*
*
±50
*
±40
15
±45
30
*
*
*
*
V
mA
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C
1.9
2.4
30
–25
2.1
2.6
+85
–55
*
*
*
*
*
+125
The specification of PA10A is identical to the specification for PA10 in applicable column to the left.
Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation
to achieve high MTTF.
The power supply voltage for all tests is
±40,
unless otherwise noted as a test condition.
+V
S
and –V
S
denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total V
S
is measured from +V
S
to –V
S
.
Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz.
Full temperature range specifications are guaranteed but not tested.
The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or
subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes.
CAUTION
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
• 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD • TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 • USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE
GRAPHS
PA10 • PA10A
NORMALIZED BIAS CURRENT, I
B
(X)
INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W)
70
60
POWER DERATING
BIAS CURRENT
2.5
3.5
2.2
1.9
1.6
1.3
1.0
.7
.4
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
CASE TEMPERATURE, T
C
(°C)
0
–30
–60
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
.5
CURRENT LIMIT
T = T
C
50
40
30
PA10
20
10
0
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
TEMPERATURE, T (°C)
T = T
A
PA10A
CURRENT LIMIT, I
LIM
(A)
R
CL
= 0.3
Ω
R
CL
= 0.6
Ω
0
–50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125
CASE TEMPERATURE, T
C
(°C)
SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE
120
PHASE RESPONSE
100
POWER RESPONSE
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, V
O
(V
PP
)
68
46
32
22
15
10
6.8
4.6
10K
20K 30K
50K 70K .1M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
|+V
S
| + |–V
S
| = 30V
|+V
S
| + |–V
S
| = 100V
|+V
S
| + |–V
S
| = 80V
OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB)
100
80
PHASE,
ϕ
(°)
1
10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
60
40
20
0
–90
–120
–150
–180
–210
0
10 100 1K 10K .1M 1M 10M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
–20
COMMON MODE REJECTION, CMR (dB)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
8
OUTPUT VOLTAGE, V
O
(V)
6
4
2
0
V
IN
= ±5V, t
r
= 100ns
INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE, V
N
(nV/
√
Hz)
COMMON MODE REJECTION
PULSE RESPONSE
INPUT NOISE
70
50
40
30
20
100
–2
–4
–6
0
2
4 6
8 10 12
TIME, t (µs)
–8
0
10 100 1K 10K .1M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
1M
10
10
1K
100
10K
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
.1M
VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, (V)
3
1
HARMONIC DISTORTION
A
V
=10
V
S
= ±38V
R
L
=8
Ω
W
=
2W
NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, I
Q
(X)
QUIESCENT CURRENT
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
.8
.6
°C
T
C
= 25
5°C
T
C
= -2
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
6
5
4
3
+V
O
25°C
DISTORTION (%)
T
C
=
.3
.1
P
O
=
50
m
–V
O
T
C
to
= 25
85°C
.03
.01
P
O
°C
T
C
= 85
5°C
T
C
= 12
T
C
=
T
C
P
O
=
W
60
2
1
25°C
°C
o 85
25 t
=
.003
100
300 1K
3K 10K 30K .1M
FREQUENCY, F (Hz)
.4
40
50
60
70
80 90 100
TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, V
S
(V)
0
1
2
3
4
OUTPUT CURRENT, I
O
(A)
5
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION
• TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 • FAX (520) 888-3329 • ORDERS (520) 690-8601 • EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com
PA10 • PA10A
GENERAL
Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Consider-
ations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting,
current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation.
Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools that help automate
tasks such as calculations for stability, internal power dissipation,
current limit; heat sink selection; Apex’s complete Application
Notes library; Technical Seminar Workbook; and Evaluation Kits.
OPERATING
CONSIDERATIONS
±
V
S
50V
40V
35V
30V
25V
20V
15V
SHORT TO
±
V
S
C, L, OR EMF LOAD
.21A
.3A
.36A
.46A
.61A
.87A
1.4A
SHORT TO
COMMON
.61A
.87A
1.0A
1.4A
1.7A
2.2A
2.9A
SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)
The output stage of most power amplifiers has three distinct
limitations:
1. The current handling capability of the transistor geometry and
the wire bonds.
2. The second breakdown effect which occurs whenever the
simultaneous collector current and collector-emitter voltage
exceeds specified limits.
3. The junction temperature of the output transistors.
5.0
CURRENT LIMITING
Refer to Application Note 9, "Current Limiting", for details of both
fixed and foldover current limit operation. Visit the Apex web site
at www.apexmicrotech.com for a copy of the Power Design
spreadsheet (Excel) which plots current limits vs. steady state
SOA. Beware that current limit should be thought of as a +/–20%
function initially and varies about 2:1 over the range of –55°C to
125°C.
For fixed current limit, leave pin 7 open and use equations 1 and 2.
R
CL
= 0.65/L
CL
I
CL
= 0.65/R
CL
Where:
I
CL
is the current limit in amperes.
R
CL
is the current limit resistor in ohms.
For certain applications, foldover current limit adds a slope to
the current limit which allows more power to be delivered to the
load without violating the SOA. For maximum foldover slope,
ground pin 7 and use equations 3 and 4.
0.65 + (Vo * 0.014)
I
CL
=
R
CL
0.65 + (Vo * 0.014)
R
CL
=
(4)
I
CL
(3)
(1)
(2)
OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V
S
OR – V
S
(A)
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.5
1.0
.8
.6
.4
.3
Tc
=8
5
°
C
25
ste
ad
Tc
ys
t=
ta
te
SE
5m
TH
=1
s
ER
°
C
t=
t=
1m
0 . 5
s
ms
BR
MA
CO
L
ND
EA
KD
OW
N
.2
10
15
20
25 30 35 40
50 60 70 80 100
SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE V
S
– V
O
(V)
The SOA curves combine the effect of these limits. For a given
application, the direction and magnitude of the output current
should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA
curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for
reactive and EMF generating loads.
1. For DC outputs, especially those resulting from fault condi-
tions, check worst case stress levels against the new SOA
graph.
For sine wave outputs, use Power Design
1
to plot a load line.
Make sure the load line does not cross the 0.5ms limit and that
excursions beyond any other second breakdown line do not
exceed the time label, and have a duty cycle of no more than
10%.
For other waveform outputs, manual load line plotting is
recommended. Applications Note 22, SOA AND LOAD LINES,
will be helpful. A Spice type analysis can be very useful in that
a hardware setup often calls for instruments or amplifiers with
wide common mode rejection ranges.
2. The amplifier can handle any EMF generating or reactive load
and short circuits to the supply rail or shorts to common if the
current limits are set as follows at T
C
= 85°C:
1
Where:
Vo is the output voltage in volts.
Most designers start with either equation 1 to set R
CL
for the
desired current at 0v out, or with equation 4 to set R
CL
at the
maximum output voltage. Equation 3 should then be used to plot
the resulting foldover limits on the SOA graph. If equation 3 results
in a negative current limit, foldover slope must be reduced. This
can happen when the output voltage is the opposite polarity of the
supply conducting the current.
In applications where a reduced foldover slope is desired, this
can be achieved by adding a resistor (R
FO
) between pin 7 and
ground. Use equations 4 and 5 with this new resistor in the circuit.
0.65 + Vo
*
0.14
10.14 + R
FO
R
CL
0.65 + Vo
*
0.14
10.14 + R
FO
R
CL
=
I
CL
Where:
R
FO
is in K ohms.
(6)
I
CL
=
(5)
Note 1. Power Design is a self-extracting Excel spreadsheet
available free from www.apexmicrotech.com
This data sheet has been carefully
CORPORATION
•
to be
NORTH SHANNON ROAD
assumed for possible inaccuracies or
USA • APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY
checked and is believed
5980
reliable, however, no responsibility
•
is
TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 •
omissions. All specifications are subject to change without notice.
PA10U REV. M FEBRURAY 2001
© 2001 Apex Microtechnology Corp.
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