19-4200; Rev 0; 7/08
Low-Voltage, Triple, Hot-Swap Controllers/
Power Sequencers/Voltage Trackers
General Description
The MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B +1V to +15V
triple hot-swap controllers provide complete protection
for multisupply systems. They allow the safe insertion
and removal of circuit cards into live backplanes. These
devices hot swap multiple supplies ranging from +1V to
+15V, provided one supply is at or above +2.7V. The
input voltage rails (channels) can be configured to
sequentially turn-on/off, track each other, or have com-
pletely independent operation.
The discharged filter capacitors of the circuit card provide
low impedance to the live backplane. High inrush cur-
rents from the backplane to the circuit card can burn up
connectors and components, or momentarily collapse the
backplane power supply leading to a system reset. The
MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B hot-swap controllers
prevent such problems by gradually ramping up the out-
put voltage and regulating the current to a preset limit
when the board is plugged in, allowing the system to sta-
bilize safely. After the startup cycle is complete, on-chip
comparators provide VariableSpeed/BiLevel™ protection
against short-circuit and overcurrent faults, and provide
immunity against system noise and load transients.
The load is disconnected in the event of a fault condi-
tion. The MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B fault-man-
agement mode is selectable, allowing latched fault or
autoretry after a fault condition.
The MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B offer a variety of
options to reduce external component count and
design time. All devices integrate an on-board charge
pump to drive the gates of low-cost, external n-channel
MOSFETs, an adjustable startup timer, and an
adjustable current limit. The devices offer integrated
features like startup current regulation and current
glitch protection to eliminate external timing resistors
and capacitors. The MAX5931A provides an open-
drain, active-low status output for each channel, the
MAX5931B provides an open-drain, active-high status
output for each channel, and the MAX5930A status out-
put polarity is selectable.
The MAX5930A is available in a 24-pin QSOP package,
and the MAX5931A/MAX5931B are available in a 20-pin
QSOP package. All devices are specified over the
extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range.
Features
o
Safe Hot Swap for +1V to +15V Power Supplies
with Any Input Voltage (V
IN_
) ≥ 2.7V
o
Adjustable Circuit-Breaker/Current-Limit
Threshold from 25mV to 100mV
o
Configurable Tracking, Sequencing, or
Independent Operation Modes
o
VariableSpeed/BiLevel Circuit-Breaker Response
o
Internal Charge Pumps Generate n-Channel
MOSFET Gate Drives
o
Inrush Current Regulated at Startup
o
Autoretry or Latched Fault Management
o
Programmable Undervoltage Lockout
o
Status Outputs Indicate Fault/Safe Condition
MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B
Ordering Information
PART
MAX5930AEEG+
MAX5931AEEP+
TEMP RANGE
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
24 QSOP
20 QSOP
MAX5931BEEP+
-40°C to +85°C
20 QSOP
+Denotes
a lead-free/RoHS-compliant package.
Selector Guide and Typical Operating Circuit appear at end
of data sheet.
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
POL 1
ON2 2
ON1 3
LIM1 4
IN1 5
SENSE1 6
GATE1 7
STAT1 8
STAT2 9
TIM 10
LATCH 11
STAT3 12
24 MODE
23 ON3
22 LIM2
21 IN2
MAX5930A
20 SENSE2
19 GATE2
18 LIM3
17 IN3
16 SENSE3
15 GATE3
14 GND
13 BIAS
Applications
Network Switches, Routers,
Hubs
Hot Plug-In Daughter Cards
RAID
Solid-State Circuit Breakers
Power-Supply
Sequencing/Tracking
Base-Station Line Cards
Portable Computer Device
Bays (Docking Stations)
QSOP
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
VariableSpeed/BiLevel is a trademark of Maxim Integrated
Products, Inc.
1
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Low-Voltage, Triple, Hot-Swap Controllers/
Power Sequencers/Voltage Trackers
MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(All voltages referenced to GND, unless otherwise noted.)
IN_ ..........................................................................-0.3V to +16V
GATE_.............................................................-0.3V to (IN_ + 6V)
BIAS (Note 1) .............................................. (V
IN
- 0.3V) to +16V
ON_, STAT_, LIM_ (MAX5930A), TIM, MODE,
LATCH, POL (MAX5930A) ........................-0.3V to (V
IN
+ 0.3V)
SENSE_........................................................-0.3V to (IN_ + 0.3V)
Current into Any Pin..........................................................±50mA
Note 1:
V
IN
is the largest of V
IN1
, V
IN2
, and V
IN3
.
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
20-Pin QSOP (derate 9.1mW/°C above +70°C)............727mW
24-Pin QSOP (derate 9.5mW/°C above +70°C)............762mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature .....................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
IN_
= +1V to +15V, provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
POWER SUPPLIES
IN_ Input Voltage Range
Supply Current
CURRENT CONTROL
LIM_ = GND (Note 4)
Slow-Comparator Threshold
(V
IN_
- V
SENSE_
)
(Note 3)
Slow-Comparator Response Time
(Note 4)
Fast-Comparator Threshold
(V
IN_
- V
SENSE_
)
Fast-Comparator Response Time
SENSE_ Input Bias Current
MOSFET DRIVER
R
TIM
= 100kΩ
Startup Period (Note 5)
t
START
R
TIM
= 4kΩ (minimum value)
TIM unconnected (default)
8.0
0.30
5
10.8
0.4
9
13.6
0.55
14
ms
V
SC,TH
R
LIM_
= 10kΩ (MAX5930A)
R
LIM_
from LIM_ to GND (MAX5930A)
t
SCD
V
FC,TH
t
FCD
I
B SENSE_
10mV overdrive, from overload condition
V
SENSE_
= V
IN_
1mV overdrive
50mV overdrive
22.5
80
R
LIM_
x 7.5 x
10
-6
+ 25mV
3
130
2x
V
SC,TH
200
0.03
1
ms
µs
mV
ns
µA
25
28
125
mV
V
IN_
I
Q
At least one V
IN_
≥
+2.7V
I
IN1
+ I
IN2
+ I
IN3
, V
ON_
= 2.7V,
V
IN_
= +15V, after STAT_ high
1.0
2.5
15
5
V
mA
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage, Triple, Hot-Swap Controllers/
Power Sequencers/Voltage Trackers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN_
= +1V to +15V, provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
Charging, V
GATE_
= GND, V
IN_
= +5V
(Note 6)
Discharging, during startup
Average Gate Current
I
GATE
Discharging, normal turn-off or triggered by
the slow comparator after startup; V
GATE_
=
5V, V
IN_
= 10V, V
ON_
= 0V
Discharging, triggered by a fault after
startup; V
GATE_
= 5V, V
IN_
= 10V, (V
IN_
-
V
SENSE_
) > V
FC,TH_
(Note 7)
Gate-Drive Voltage
ON COMPARATOR
ON_ Threshold
ON_ Propagation Delay
ON_ Voltage Range
ON_ Input Bias Current
ON_ Pulse-Width Low
DIGITAL OUTPUTS (STAT_)
Output Leakage Current
Output Voltage Low
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO)
UVLO Threshold
UVLO Hysteresis
UVLO Glitch Filter Reset Time
UVLO to Startup Delay
Input Power-Ready Threshold
Input Power-Ready Hysteresis
LOGIC AND TIMING
POL Input Pullup
LATCH Input Pullup
MODE Input Voltage
Independent-Mode Selection
Threshold
I
POL
I
LATCH
V
MODE
V
INDEP,TH
POL = GND (MAX5930A)
LATCH = GND
MODE unconnected (default to sequencing
mode)
V
MODE
rising
2
2
1.0
4
4
1.25
6
6
1.5
0.4
µA
µA
V
V
V
UVLO
V
UVLO,HYST
t
D,GF
t
D,UVLO
V
PWRRDY
V
PWRHYST
V
IN
< V
UVLO
maximum pulse width to reset
Time input voltage must exceed V
UVLO
before startup is initiated
(Note 9)
20
0.9
37.5
0.95
50
Startup is initiated when this threshold is
reached by any V
IN_
and V
ON_
> 0.9V
(Note 8)
2.25
2.45
250
10
60
1.0
2.65
V
mV
µs
ms
V
mV
V
OL_
V
STAT_
≤
15V
POL = unconnected (MAX5930A),
I
SINK
= 1mA
1
0.4
µA
V
V
ON_
I
BON
t
UNLATCH
V
ON_,TH
Low to high
Hysteresis
10mV overdrive
Without false output inversion
V
ON_
= V
IN
To unlatch after a latched fault
100
0.03
0.83
0.875
25
10
V
IN
1
0.90
V
mV
µs
V
µA
µs
V
DRIVE
V
GATE_
- V
IN_
, I
GATE_
= 1µA
2
MIN
80
TYP
100
100
3
7
mA
28
4.9
50
5.3
120
5.6
V
MAX
125
UNITS
µA
MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
Low-Voltage, Triple, Hot-Swap Controllers/
Power Sequencers/Voltage Trackers
MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN_
= +1V to +15V, provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
Tracking-Mode Selection
Threshold
MODE Input Impedance
Autoretry Delay
SYMBOL
V
TRACK,TH
R
MODE
t
RETRY
Delay time to restart after fault shutdown
V
MODE
rising
CONDITIONS
MIN
2.7
200
64 x
t
START
TYP
MAX
UNITS
V
kΩ
ms
Note 2:
All devices are 100% tested at T
A
= +85°C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design.
Note 3:
The slow-comparator threshold is adjustable. V
SC,TH
= R
LIM_
x 7.5µA + 25mV (see the
Typical Operating Characteristics
section).
Note 4:
The current-limit slow-comparator response time is weighed against the amount of overcurrent, the higher the overcurrent
condition, the faster the response time (see the
Typical Operating Characteristics
section).
Note 5:
The startup period (t
START
) is the time during which the slow comparator is ignored and the device acts as a current-limiter
by regulating the sense current with the fast comparator (see the
Startup Period
section).
Note 6:
The current available at GATE is a function of V
GATE
(see the
Typical Operating Characteristics
section).
Note 7:
After a fault triggered by the fast comparator, the gate is discharged by the strong discharge current.
Note 8:
Each channel input while the other inputs are at +1V.
Note 9:
Each channel input while any other input is at +3.3V.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical
Operating Circuit,
Q1 = Q2 = Q3 = Fairchild FDB7030L, V
IN1
= +12.0V, V
IN2
= +5.0V, V
IN3
= +1V, T
A
= +25°C, unless oth-
erwise noted. Channels 1 through 3 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable, channels 1 through 3
are referred to as X, Y, and Z.)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5930A toc01
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5930A toc02
GATE-DRIVE VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
MAX5930A toc04
4
V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
5.0
I
IN
= I
IN1
+ I
IN2
+ I
IN3
V
IN
= V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
V
ON
= V
ON1
= V
ON2
= V
ON3
8
3
4.0
I
IN
(mA)
V
ON
= 0V
3.0
V
ON
= 3.3V
V
DRIVEX
(V)
6
I
IN
(mA)
2
I
INX
4
1
I
INY
+ I
INZ
0
0
2
4
6
8
V
INX
(V)
10
12
14
2.0
2
1.0
2
4
6
8
V
IN
(V)
10
12
14
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
V
INX
(V)
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage, Triple, Hot-Swap Controllers/
Power Sequencers/Voltage Trackers
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical
Operating Circuit,
Q1 = Q2 = Q3 = Fairchild FDB7030L, V
IN1
= +12.0V, V
IN2
= +5.0V, V
IN3
= +1V, T
A
= +25°C, unless oth-
erwise noted. Channels 1 through 3 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable, channels 1 through 3
are referred to as X, Y, and Z.)
GATE-DRIVE VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5930A toc04
MAX5930A/MAX5931A/MAX5931B
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
V
ONW
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INX
= 13.2V
V
INX
= 5V
90
MAX5930A toc05
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
V
INX
= 13.2V
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (μA)
160
MAX5930A toc06
8
V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
150
200
6
V
DRIVEX
(V)
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (μA)
120
120
V
INX
= 5V
80
V
INX
= 1V
V
ONX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
GATEX
= 0V
4
60
V
INX
= 1V
30
2
40
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
V
INX
(V)
0
0
5
10
V
GATEX
(V)
15
20
0
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
STRONG GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
MAX5930A toc07
STRONG GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5930A toc08
TURN-OFF TIME
vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
R
LIMX
= 100Ω
MAX5930A toc09
6
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
V
ONX
= 0V
V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INX
= 13.2V
6
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
5
4
3
V
INX
= 3.3V
2
1
0
V
INX
= 5V
10
V
ONX
= 0V
V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INX
= 13.2V
1
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
0.1
SLOW-COMPARATOR
THRESHOLD
FAST-COMPARATOR
THRESHOLD
V
INX
= 5V
V
INX
= 3.3V
0.01
0.001
V
INX
= 1V
0.0001
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
0
25
50
V
INX
= 1V
4
8
12
16
20
75
100
125
V
GATEX
(V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
V
INX
- V
SENSEX
(mV)
TURN-OFF TIME vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
(EXPANDED SCALE)
MAX5930A toc10
SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD
vs. R
LIMX
MAX5930A toc11
STARTUP PERIOD
vs. R
TIM
MAX5930A toc12
10
R
LIMX
= 100Ω
120
100
80
V
SC,TH
(mV)
60
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
40
t
START
(ms)
20
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
0
100
R
LIMX
(kΩ)
200
300
R
TIM
(kΩ)
400
500
1
60
40
20
SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD
0.1
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
V
INX
- V
SENSEX
(mV)
0
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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