CY7B923
CY7B933
HOTLink
Transmitter/Receiver
Features
• Fibre-Channel-compliant
• IBM ESCON
-compliant
• DVB-ASI-compliant
• ATM-compliant
• 8B/10B-coded or 10-bit unencoded
• Standard HOTLink
: 160–330 Mbps
• High-speed HOTLink: 160–400 Mbps for high-speed
applications
• Low-speed HOTLink: 150–160 Mbps for low-cost fiber
applications
• TTL synchronous I/O
• No external phase locked-loop (PLL) components
• Triple PECL 100K serial outputs
• Dual PECL 100K serial inputs
• Low power: 350 mW (Tx), 650 mW (Rx)
• Compatible with fiber-optic modules, coaxial cable, and
twisted pair media
• Built-in Self-Test (BIST)
• Single +5V supply
• 28-pin SOIC/PLCC/LCC
• Pb-Free Packages Available
•
0.8µ BiCMOS
Functional Description
The CY7B923 HOTLink
‚
Transmitter and CY7B933 HOTLink
Receiver are point-to-point communications building blocks
that transfer data over high-speed serial links (fiber, coax, and
twisted pair). Standard HOTLink data rates range from 160 to
330 Mbits/second. Higher speed HOTLink is also available for
high-speed applications (160–400 Mbits/second), as well as,
for
low-cost
applications,
HOTLink-155
(150–160
Mbits/second operations).
Figure 1
illustrates typical connec-
tions to host systems or controllers.
Eight bits of user data or protocol information are loaded into
the HOTLink transmitter and are encoded. Serial data is
shifted out of the three differential positive ECL (PECL) serial
ports at the bit rate (which is ten times the byte rate).
The HOTLink receiver accepts the serial bit stream at its differ-
ential line receiver inputs and, using a completely integrated
PLL Clock Synchronizer, recovers the timing information
necessary for data reconstruction. The bit stream is deseri-
alized, decoded, and checked for transmission errors.
Recovered bytes are presented in parallel to the receiving host
along with a byte-rate clock.
The 8B/10B encoder/decoder can be disabled in systems that
already encode or scramble the transmitted data. I/O signals
are available to create a seamless interface with both
asynchronous FIFOs (i.e., CY7C42X) and clocked FIFOs (i.e.,
CY7C44X). A BIST pattern generator and checker allows
testing of the transmitter, receiver, and the connecting link as
a part of a system diagnostic check.
HOTLink devices are ideal for a variety of applications where
a parallel interface can be replaced with a high-speed
point-to-point serial link. Applications include interconnecting
workstations, servers, mass storage, and video transmission
equipment.
CY7B923 Transmitter Logic Block Diagram
RP ENN
ENA
D
0–7
(D
b–h
)
SC/D (Da)
SVS(Dj)
FOTO
CY7B933 Receiver Logic Block Diagram
RF
A/B
INA+
INA−
INB (INB+)
SI(INB− )
PECL
TTL
DATA
FRAMER
CKW
ENABLE
INPUT REGISTER
SHIFTER
DECODER
REGISTER
ENCODER
CLOCK
GENERATOR
SHIFTER
OUTA
OUTB
OUTC
MODE
BISTEN
TEST
LOGIC
SO
REFCLK
MODE
BISTEN
CLOCK
SYNC
DECODER
TEST
LOGIC
OUTPUT
REGISTER
CKR
RDY
Q
0–7
(Q
b–h
)
RVS(Qj)
SC/D (Qa)
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation
Document #: 38-02017 Rev. *E
•
198 Champion Court
•
San Jose
,
CA 95134-1709
•
408-943-2600
Revised August 29, 2005
CY7B923
CY7B933
PROTOCOL
LOGIC
7B923
TRANSMIT
TER
TRANSMIT
MESSAGE
BUFFER
7B933
RECEIVER
HOST
SERIAL LINK
HOST
Figure 1. HOTLink System Connections
CY7B923 Transmitter Pin Configurations
SOIC
Top View
OUTB−
OUTC−
OUTC+
V
CCN
BISTEN
GND
MODE
RP
V
CCQ
SVS(D
j
)
(D
h
) D
7
(D
g
)D
6
(D
f
)D
5
(D
i
)D
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
7B923
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
CY7B933 Receiver Pin Configurations
SOIC
Top View
OUTB+
OUTA+
OUTA−
FOTO
ENN
ENA
V
CCQ
CKW
GND
SC/D(D
a
)
D
0
(D
b
)
D
1
(D
c
)
D
2
(D
d
)
D
3
(D
e
)
INA−
INA+
A/B
BISTEN
RF
GND
RDY
GND
V
CCN
RVS(Q
j
)
(Q
h
) Q
7
(Q
g
) Q
6
(Q
f
) Q
5
(Q
i
) Q
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
7B933
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
PLCC/LCC
Top View
V
CCN
OUTC+
OUTC−
OUTB−
OUTB+
OUTA+
OUTA−
PLCC/LCC
Top View
BISTEN
A/B
INA+
INA−
INB (INB+)
SI (INB−)
MODE
4 3 2 1 28 2726
BISTEN
GND
MODE
RP
V
CCQ
SVS(D
j
)
(D
h
)D
7
5
6
7
7B923
8
9
10
11 1213 14 15 16 1718
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
FOTO
ENN
ENA
V
CCQ
CKW
GND
SC/D(D
a
)
4 3 2 1 28 2726
D
6
D
5
D
4
D
3
D
2
D
1
D
0
RF
GND
RDY
GND
V
CCN
RVS (Q
j
)
(Q
h
) Q
7
5
6
7
7B933
8
9
10
11 1213 14 15 16 1718
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
(D
g
)
(D
f
)
(D
i
)
(D
e
)
(D
d
)
(D
c
)
(D
b
)
Document #: 38-02017 Rev. *E
(Q
g
)
(Q
f
)
(Q
i
)
(Q
e
)
(Q
d
)
(Q
c
)
(Q
b
)
Q
6
Q
5
Q
4
Q
3
Q
2
Q
1
Q
0
RECEIVE
MESSAGE
BUFFER
INB(INB+)
SI(INB− )
MODE
REFCLK
V
CCQ
SO
CKR
V
CCQ
GND
SC/D (Q
a
)
Q
0
(Q
b
)
Q
1
(Q
c
)
Q
2
(Q
d
)
Q
3
(Q
e
)
REFCLK
V
CCQ
SO
CKR
V
CCQ
GND
SC/D (Q
a
)
Page 2 of 33
PROTOCOL
LOGIC
CY7B923
CY7B933
Pin Descriptions
CY7B923 HOTLink Transmitter
Name
D
0−7
(D
b
−
h
)
SC/D (D
a
)
I/O
TTL In
Description
Parallel Data Input.
Data is clocked into the Transmitter on the rising edge of CKW if ENA is LOW (or
on the next rising CKW with ENN LOW). If ENA and ENN are HIGH, a Null character (K28.5) is sent.
When MODE is HIGH, D
0, 1, ...7
become D
b, c,...h
, respectively.
Special Character/Data Select.
A HIGH on SC/D when CKW rises causes the transmitter to encode
the pattern on D
0−7
as a control code (Special Character), while a LOW causes the data to be coded
using the 8B/10B data alphabet. When MODE is HIGH, SC/D (D
a
) acts as D
a
input. SC/D has the
same timing as D
0−7
.
Send Violation Symbol.
If SVS is HIGH when CKW rises, a Violation symbol is encoded and sent
while the data on the parallel inputs is ignored. If SVS is LOW, the state of D
0−7
and SC/D determines
the code sent. In normal or test mode, this pin overrides the BIST generator and forces the transmission
of a Violation code. When MODE is HIGH (placing the transmitter in unencoded mode), SVS (D
j
) acts
as the D
j
input. SVS has the same timing as D
0−7
.
Enable Parallel Data.
If ENA is LOW on the rising edge of CKW, the data is loaded, encoded, and
sent. If ENA and ENN are HIGH, the data inputs are ignored and the Transmitter will insert a Null
character (K28.5) to fill the space between user data. ENA may be held HIGH/LOW continuously or it
may be pulsed with each data byte to be sent. If ENA is being used for data control, ENN will normally
be strapped HIGH, but can be used for BIST function control.
Enable Next Parallel Data.
If ENN is LOW, the data appearing on D
0−7
at the next rising edge of CKW
is loaded, encoded, and sent. If ENA and ENN are HIGH, the data appearing on D
0−7
at the next rising
edge of CKW will be ignored and the Transmitter will insert a Null character to fill the space between
user data. ENN may be held HIGH/LOW continuously or it may be pulsed with each data byte sent. If
ENN is being used for data control, ENA will normally be strapped HIGH, but can be used for BIST
function control.
Clock Write.
CKW is both the clock frequency reference for the multiplying PLL that generates the
high-speed transmit clock, and the byte rate write signal that synchronizes the parallel data input. CKW
must be connected to a crystal controlled time base that runs within the specified frequency range of
the Transmitter and Receiver.
Fiber Optic Transmitter Off.
FOTO determines the function of two of the three PECL transmitter
output pairs. If FOTO is LOW, the data encoded by the Transmitter will appear at the outputs contin-
uously. If FOTO is HIGH, OUTA± and OUTB± are forced to their “logic zero” state (OUT+ = LOW and
OUT− = HIGH), causing a fiber-optic transmit module to extinguish its light output. OUTC is unaffected
by the level on FOTO, and can be used as a loop-back signal source for board-level diagnostic testing.
TTL In
SVS
(D
j
)
TTL In
ENA
TTL In
ENN
TTL In
CKW
TTL In
FOTO
TTL In
OUTA±
OUTB±
OUTC±
PECL Out
Differential Serial Data Outputs.
These PECL 100K outputs (+5V referenced) are capable of driving
terminated transmission lines or commercial fiber optic transmitter modules. Unused pairs of outputs
can be left open, or wired to V
CC
to reduce power, if the output is not required. OUTA± and OUTB±
are controlled by the level on FOTO, and will remain at their “logical zero” states when FOTO is
asserted. OUTC± is unaffected by the level on FOTO. (OUTA+ and OUTB+ are used as a differential
test clock input while in Test mode, i.e., MODE = UNCONNECTED or forced to V
CC/2
.)
Three-
Level In
Encoder Mode Select.
The level on MODE determines the encoding method to be used. When wired
to GND, MODE selects 8B/10B encoding. When wired to V
CC
, data inputs bypass the encoder and
the bit pattern on D
a–j
goes directly to the shifter. When left floating (internal resistors hold the input at
V
CC
/2) the internal bit-clock generator is disabled and OUTA+/OUTB+ become the differential bit clock
to be used for factory test. In typical applications MODE is wired to V
CC
or GND.
BIST Enable.
When BISTEN is LOW and ENA and ENN are HIGH, the transmitter sends an alternating
1–0 pattern (D10.2 or D21.5). When either ENA or ENN is set LOW and BISTEN is LOW, the transmitter
begins a repeating test sequence that allows the Transmitter and Receiver to work together to test the
function of the entire link. In normal use this input is held HIGH or wired to V
CC
. The BIST generator
is a free-running pattern generator that need not be initialized, but if required, the BIST sequence can
be initialized by momentarily asserting SVS while BISTEN is LOW. BISTEN has the same timing as
D
0-7
.
Read Pulse.
RP is a 60% LOW duty-cycle byte-rate pulse train suitable for the read pulse in CY7C42X
FIFOs. The frequency on RP is the same as CKW when enabled by ENA, and duty cycle is independent
of the CKW duty cycle. Pulse widths are set by logic internal to the transmitter. In BIST mode, RP will
remain HIGH for all but the last byte of a test loop. RP will pulse LOW one byte time per BIST loop.
MODE
BISTEN
TTL In
RP
TTL Out
Document #: 38-02017 Rev. *E
Page 3 of 33
CY7B923
CY7B933
CY7B923 HOTLink Transmitter
(continued)
Name
V
CCN
V
CCQ
GND
I/O
Description
Power for output drivers.
Power for internal circuitry.
Ground.
CY7B933 HOTLink Receiver
Name
Q
0−7
(Q
b
−
h
)
SC/D (Q
a
)
I/O
TTL Out
TTL Out
Description
Q
0–7
Parallel Data Output.
Q
0–7
contain the most recently received data. These outputs change
synchronously with CKR. When MODE is HIGH, Q
0, 1, ...7
become Q
b, c,...h
, respectively.
Special Character/Data Select.
SC/D indicates the context of received data. HIGH indicates a
Control (Special Character) code, LOW indicates a Data character. When MODE is HIGH (placing the
receiver in Unencoded mode), SC/D acts as the Q
a
output. SC/D has the same timing as Q
0−7
.
Received Violation Symbol.
A HIGH on RVS indicates that a code rule violation has been detected
in the received data stream. A LOW shows that no error has been detected. In BIST mode, a LOW
on RVS indicates correct operation of the Transmitter, Receiver, and link on a byte-by-byte basis.
When MODE is HIGH (placing the receiver in Unencoded mode), RVS acts as the Q
j
output. RVS has
the same timing as Q
0−7
.
Data Output Ready.
A LOW pulse on RDY indicates that new data has been received and is ready
to be delivered. A missing pulse on RDY shows that the received data is the Null character (normally
inserted by the transmitter as a pad between data inputs). In BIST mode RDY will remain LOW for all
but the last byte of a test loop and will pulse HIGH one byte time per BIST loop.
Clock Read.
This byte rate clock output is phase and frequency aligned to the incoming serial data
stream. RDY, Q
0−7
, SC/D, and RVS all switch synchronously with the rising edge of this output.
Serial Data Input Select.
This PECL 100K (+5V referenced) input selects INA or INB as the active
data input. If A/B is HIGH, INA is connected to the shifter and signals connected to INA will be decoded.
If A/B is LOW INB is selected.
Serial Data Input A.
The differential signal at the receiver end of the communication link may be
connected to the differential input pairs INA± or INB±. Either the INA pair or the INB pair can be used
as the main data input and the other can be used as a loopback channel or as an alternative data
input selected by the state of A/B. One input of an intentionally unused differential-pair (INA± or INB±)
should be terminated to V
CC
through a 1−5 KΩ resistor to assure that no data transitions are acciden-
tally created.
Serial Data Input B.
This pin is either a single-ended PECL data receiver (INB) or half of the INB
differential pair. If SO is wired to V
CC
, then INB± can be used as differential line receiver inter-
changeably with INA±. If SO is normally connected and loaded, INB becomes a single-ended PECL
100K (+5V referenced) serial data input. INB is used as the test clock while in Test mode.
Status Input.
This pin is either a single-ended PECL status monitor input (SI) or half of the INB
differential pair. If SO is wired to V
CC
, then INB± can be used as differential line receiver inter-
changeably with INA±. If SO is normally connected and loaded, SI becomes a single-ended PECL
100K (+5V referenced) status monitor input, which is translated into a TTL-level signal at the SO pin.
Status Out.
SO is the TTL-translated output of SI. It is typically used to translate the Carrier Detect
output from a fiber-optic receiver connected to SI. When this pin is normally connected and loaded
(without any external pull-up resistor), SO will assume the same logical level as SI and INB will become
a single-ended PECL serial data input. If the status monitor translation is not desired, then SO may
be wired to V
CC
and the INB± pair may be used as a differential serial data input.
Reframe Enable.
RF controls the Framer logic in the Receiver. When RF is held HIGH, each SYNC
(K28.5) symbol detected in the shifter will frame the data that follows. If it is HIGH for 2,048 consecutive
bytes, the internal framer switches to double-byte mode. When RF is held LOW, the reframing logic
is disabled. The incoming data stream is then continuously deserialized and decoded using byte
boundaries set by the internal byte counter. Bit errors in the data stream will not cause alias SYNC
characters to reframe the data erroneously.
RVS (Q
j
)
TTL Out
RDY
TTL Out
CKR
A/B
TTL Out
PECL in
INA±
Diff In
INB
(INB+)
PECL in
(Diff In)
SI
(INB−)
PECL in
(Diff In)
SO
TTL Out
RF
TTL In
Document #: 38-02017 Rev. *E
Page 4 of 33
CY7B923
CY7B933
CY7B933 HOTLink Receiver
(continued)
Name
REFCLK
I/O
TTL In
Description
Reference Clock.
REFCLK is the clock frequency reference for the clock/data synchronizing PLL.
REFCLK sets the approximate center frequency for the internal PLL to track the incoming bit stream.
REFCLK must be connected to a crystal-controlled time base that runs within the frequency limits of
the Tx/Rx pair, and the frequency must be the same as the transmitter CKW frequency (within
CKW
±
0.1%).
Decoder Mode Select.
The level on the MODE pin determines the decoding method to be used.
When wired to GND, MODE selects 8B/10B decoding. When wired to V
CC
, registered shifter contents
bypass the decoder and are sent to Q
a−j
directly. When left floating (internal resistors hold the MODE
pin at V
CC
/2) the internal bit clock generator is disabled and INB becomes the bit rate test clock to be
used for factory test. In typical applications, MODE is wired to V
CC
or GND.
Built-In Self-Test Enable.
When BISTEN is LOW the Receiver awaits a D0.0 (sent once per BIST
loop) character and begins a continuous test sequence that tests the functionality of the Transmitter,
the Receiver, and the link connecting them. In BIST mode the status of the test can be monitored with
RDY and RVS outputs. In normal use BISTEN is held HIGH or wired to V
CC
. BISTEN has the same
timing as Q
0–7
.
Power for output drivers.
Power for internal circuitry.
Ground.
time passes with the inputs disabled, the Encoder will output
a Special Character Comma K28.5 (or SYNC) that will
maintain link synchronization. SVS input forces the trans-
mission of a specified Violation symbol to allow the user to
check error handling system logic in the controller or for propri-
etary applications.
The 8B/10B coding function of the Encoder can be bypassed
for systems that include an external coder or scrambler
function as part of the controller. This bypass is controlled by
setting the MODE select pin HIGH. When in bypass mode, D
a-j
(note that bit order is specified in the Fibre Channel 8B/10B
code) become the ten inputs to the Shifter, with D
a
being the
first bit to be shifted out.
Shifter
The Shifter accepts parallel data from the Encoder once each
byte time and shifts it to the serial interface output buffers using
a PLL multiplied bit clock that runs at ten (10) times the byte
clock rate. Timing for the parallel transfer is controlled by the
counter included in the Clock Generator and is not affected by
signal levels or timing at the input pins.
OutA, OutB, OutC
The serial interface PECL output buffers (ECL100K refer-
enced to +5V) are the drivers for the serial media. They are all
connected to the Shifter and contain the same serial data. Two
of the output pairs (OUTA± and OUTB±) are controllable by the
FOTO input and can be disabled by the system controller to
force a logical zero (i.e., “light off”) at the outputs. The third
output pair (OUTC±) is not affected by FOTO and will supply
a continuous data stream suitable for loop-back testing of the
subsystem.
OUTA± and OUTB± will respond to FOTO input changes
within a few bit times. However, since FOTO is not synchro-
nized with the transmitter data stream, the outputs will be
forced off or turned on at arbitrary points in a transmitted byte.
This function is intended to augment an external laser safety
controller and as an aid for Receiver PLL testing.
MODE
Three-
Level In
BISTEN
TTL In
V
CCN
V
CCQ
GND
CY7B923 HOTLink Transmitter Block Diagram
Description
Input Register
The Input register holds the data to be processed by the
HOTLink transmitter and allows the input timing to be made
consistent with standard FIFOs. The Input register is clocked
by CKW and loaded with information on the D
0-7
, SC/D, and
SVS pins. Two enable inputs (ENA and ENN) allow the user
to choose when data is loaded in the register. Asserting ENA
(Enable, active LOW) causes the inputs to be loaded in the
register on the rising edge of CKW. If ENN (Enable Next, active
LOW) is asserted when CKW rises, the data present on the
inputs on the next rising edge of CKW will be loaded into the
Input register. If neither ENA nor ENN are asserted LOW on
the rising edge of CKW, then a SYNC (K28.5) character is
sent. These two inputs allow proper timing and function for
compatibility with either asynchronous FIFOs or clocked
FIFOs without external logic, as shown in
Figure 4.
In BIST mode, the Input register becomes the signature
pattern generator by logically converting the parallel Input
register into a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). When
enabled, this LFSR will generate a 511-byte sequence that
includes all Data and Special Character codes, including the
explicit violation symbols. This pattern provides a predictable
but pseudo-random sequence that can be matched to an
identical LFSR in the Receiver.
Encoder
The Encoder transforms the input data held by the Input
register into a form more suitable for transmission on a serial
interface link. The code used is specified by ANSI X3.230
(Fibre Channel) and the IBM ESCON channel (code tables are
at the end of this data sheet). The eight D
0–7
data inputs are
converted to either a Data symbol or a Special Character,
depending upon the state of the SC/D input. If SC/D is HIGH,
the data inputs represent a control code and are encoded
using the Special Character code table. If SC/D is LOW, the
data inputs are converted using the Data code table. If a byte
Document #: 38-02017 Rev. *E
Page 5 of 33
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