AN4444
Application note
ST7590 PRIME compliant power line networking SoC design guide
Riccardo Fiorelli
Introduction
The ST7590 reference design has been realized as a useful tool that exploits the
performance capability of the ST7590 power line networking system-on-chip.
With this reference design, it is possible to evaluate, directly on the power line, the
transmitting and receiving performance of a power line communication node based on the
ST7590 device.
The line coupling interface is designed to allow the ST7590 device to transmit and receive
on the AC mains line using the PRIME OFDM signal within the European CENELEC
EN50065-1 standard A band, specified for “Automatic Meter Reading” (AMR) applications
(see Part 1 of
Section 14: Normative references on page 63).
An STM32™ microcontroller has been included in the reference design to make it very
flexible and suitable for use as a standalone smart PLC node.
Figure 1. Main board with ST7590 and STM32
As it can be seen from
Figure 1,
a special effort has been done to make the reference
design compact and optimized, while including all the features enabling the ST7590 device
to perform at its best.
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Contents
AN4444
Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
Abbreviations used in this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Safety recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
ST7590 power line networking system-on-chip description . . . . . . . . 11
EVALKITST7590-Q1 description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Evaluating with PRIME GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6.1
6.2
6.3
VCP driver installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Loading the STM32 FW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Connection procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
7
8
Test and measurement tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
ST7590 reference design description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
8.1
Line coupling section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
8.1.1
8.1.2
8.1.3
8.1.4
Line driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Power line coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Reception filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Zero crossing coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Connections between STM32 microcontroller and ST7590 . . . . . . . . . 38
Digital interfaces to STM32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Metrology interface to STM32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
General purpose push-buttons and LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
8.2
STM32 section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
8.2.1
8.2.2
8.2.3
8.2.4
9
Reference design standard tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
9.1
9.2
Input impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Conducted emission (CE) measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
9.2.1
9.2.2
Maximum output level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Conducted emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
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9.3
9.4
EMI immunity tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
PRIME pre-compliance tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Minimum output level over PRIME LISN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
10
Design guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
10.1
PCB layout guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
10.1.1
10.1.2
Thermal performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Ground connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
10.2
10.3
10.4
Thermal impedance and power dissipation calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Oscillator section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
11
Application ideas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
3-phase zero crossing coupling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
12
FAQ and troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
12.1
12.2
FAQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
13
14
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Appendix A
Main board layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
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List of tables
AN4444
List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
Table 3.
Table 4.
Table 5.
Table 6.
Table 7.
Table 8.
List of abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Electrical and thermal characteristics of the ST7590 reference design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
TX_OUT level vs. TX_GAIN - typical values for BPSK modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Bill of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Line coupling transformer specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Zero crossing coupling - measured timing characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Connections between STM32F103RGT7 and ST7590 devices
on EVALKITST7590-Q1 board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Document revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
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List of figures
List of figures
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
Figure 11.
Figure 12.
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Figure 15.
Figure 16.
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Figure 19.
Figure 20.
Figure 21.
Figure 22.
Figure 23.
Figure 24.
Figure 25.
Figure 26.
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
Figure 31.
Figure 32.
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
Figure 35.
Figure 36.
Figure 37.
Figure 38.
Figure 39.
Main board with ST7590 and STM32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
I(VCC) versus. I(PA_OUT) curve - typical values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
ST7590 block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Typical evaluation environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Board drawing with indication of the various sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
ST7590 reference design - ST7590 section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
ST7590 reference design - power supply connections and ST7590 control lines . . . . . . . 17
ST7590 reference design - PLC coupling section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
ST7590 reference design - optional zero crossing detection and Rx amplifier circuits. . . . 19
ST7590 reference design - MCU section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
ST7590 reference design - MCU connectivity (part 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
ST7590 reference design - MCU connectivity (part 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Line coupling section schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Measured frequency response of the line driver (typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Montecarlo simulation of the line driver frequency response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Measured frequency response of the transmission line coupling loaded
with the EN50065-1 LISN impedance (typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Montecarlo simulation of the transmission line coupling response loaded
with the EN50065-1 LISN impedance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Measured frequency response of the transmission line coupling loaded
with the PRIME LISN impedance (typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Montecarlo simulation of the transmission line coupling response loaded
with the PRIME LISN impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Measured frequency response of the reception passive filter (typical) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Montecarlo simulation of the reception passive filter response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Measured frequency response of the reception external amplifier + passive filter
(higher curve) vs. reception passive filter only (lower curve) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Measured frequency response of the reception external amplifier
with automatic attenuation (dark curve) vs. reception passive filter (light curve) . . . . . . . . 34
Montecarlo simulation of the reception external amplifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Montecarlo simulation of the reception external amplifier with automatic
attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Isolated zero crossing coupling circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Zero crossing coupling - positive edge delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Zero crossing coupling - negative edge delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Measured input impedance of the line coupling - reception mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Measured input impedance of the line coupling - reception mode
(with optional Rx amplifier) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Measured input impedance of the line coupling - transmission mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Conducted emissions test setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Maximum output level on EN50065 AMN measurement port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3 - 150 kHz conducted emissions on EN50065 AMN line measurement port . . . . . . . . . . 45
3 - 150 kHz conducted emissions on EN50065 AMN neutral measurement port. . . . . . . . 45
150 kHz - 30 MHz conducted emissions on EN50065 AMN line measurement port . . . . . 46
150 kHz - 30 MHz conducted emissions on EN50065 AMN neutral measurement
port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Common mode disturbance protection - positive disturbance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Common mode disturbance protection - negative disturbance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
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