FEATURES
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LT5528
1.5GHz to 2.4GHz
High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
DESCRIPTIO
The LT
®
5528 is a direct I/Q modulator designed for high
performance wireless applications, including wireless
infrastructure. It allows direct modulation of an RF signal
using differential baseband I and Q signals. It supports
PHS, GSM, EDGE, TD-SCDMA, CDMA, CDMA2000,
W-CDMA and other systems. It may also be configured
as an image reject up-converting mixer, by applying
90° phase-shifted signals to the I and Q inputs. The I/Q
baseband inputs consist of voltage-to-current converters
that in turn drive double-balanced mixers. The outputs of
these mixers are summed and applied to an on-chip RF
transformer, which converts the differential mixer signals
to a 50Ω single-ended output. The four balanced I and Q
baseband input ports are intended for DC coupling from a
source with a common-mode voltage level of about 0.5V.
The LO path consists of an LO buffer with single-ended
input, and precision quadrature generators that produce
the LO drive for the mixers. The supply voltage range is
4.5V to 5.25V.
, LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
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Direct Conversion to 1.5GHz to 2.4GHz
High OIP3: 21.8dBm at 2GHz
Low Output Noise Floor at 5MHz Offset:
No RF: –159.3dBm/Hz
P
OUT
= 4dBm: –151.8dBm/Hz
4-Ch W-CDMA ACPR: –66dBc at 2.14GHz
Integrated LO Buffer and LO Quadrature Phase
Generator
50Ω AC-Coupled Single-Ended LO and RF Ports
50Ω DC Interface to Baseband Inputs
Low Carrier Leakage: –42dBm at 2GHz
High Image Rejection: 45dB at 2GHz
16-Lead QFN 4mm
×
4mm Package
APPLICATIO S
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Infrastructure Tx for DCS, PCS and UMTS Bands
Image Reject Up-Converters for PCS and UMTS
Bands
Low-Noise Variable Phase-Shifter for 1.5GHz to
2.4GHz Local Oscillator Signals
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
1.5GHz to 2.4GHz Direct Conversion Transmitter Application
with LO Feed-Through and Image Calibration Loop
V
CC
8, 13
14
I-DAC
16
V-I
I-CHANNEL
EN
1
Q-CHANNEL
V-I
CAL
BASEBAND
DSP
2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17
3
VCO/SYNTHESIZER
0°
90°
7
Q-DAC
5
BALUN
11
PA
LT5528
5V
RF = 1.5GHz
TO 2.4GHz
W-CDMA ACPR, AltCPR and Noise vs RF Output
Power at 2140MHz for 1, 2 and 4 Channels
–55
DOWNLINK TEST MODEL 64 DPCH
–140
NOISE FLOOR AT 30MHz OFFSET (dBm/Hz)
–60
ACPR, AltCPR (dBc)
4-CH ACPR
2-CH AltCPR
–70
1-CH AltCPR
–65
LO FEED-THROUGH CAL OUT
IMAGE CAL OUT
–75 4-CH NOISE
1-CH NOISE
–38
–34
–30
–26
–22
–18
ADC
5528 TA01a
–80
–42
U
U
U
–145
2-CH ACPR
–150
4-CH AltCPR
1-CH ACPR
–155
–160
–165
–14
RF OUTPUT POWER PER CARRIER (dBm)
5528 TA01b
5528f
1
LT5528
ABSOLUTE
(Note 1)
TOP VIEW
AXI U RATI GS
PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO
ORDER PART
NUMBER
12 GND
17
11 RF
10 GND
9
5
BBMQ
6
GND
7
BBPQ
8
V
CC
GND
BBMI
BBPI
GND
16 15 14 13
EN 1
GND 2
LO 3
GND 4
V
CC
Supply Voltage .........................................................5.5V
Common-Mode Level of BBPI, BBMI and
BBPQ, BBMQ .......................................................2.5V
Operating Ambient Temperature
(Note 2) ...............................................–40°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature Range.................. –65°C to 125°C
Voltage on Any Pin
Not to Exceed...................... –500mV to V
CC
+ 500mV
LT5528EUF
UF PART
MARKING
5528A
UF PACKAGE
16-LEAD (4mm
×
4mm) PLASTIC QFN
T
JMAX
= 125°C,
θ
JA
= 37°C/W
EXPOSED PAD IS GROUND (PIN 17)
MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB.
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
V
CC
= 5V, EN = High, T
A
= 25°C, f
LO
= 2GHz, f
RF
= 2.002GHz, P
LO
= 0dBm.
BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ inputs 0.525V
DC
, Baseband Input Frequency = 2MHz, I&Q 90° shifted (upper sideband selection).
P
RF, OUT
= –10dBm, unless otherwise noted. (Note 3)
SYMBOL
RF Output (RF)
f
RF
S
22, ON
S
22, OFF
NFloor
PARAMETER
RF Frequency Range
RF Frequency Range
RF Output Return Loss
RF Output Return Loss
RF Output Noise Floor
CONDITIONS
–3dB Bandwidth
–1dB Bandwidth
EN = High (Note 6)
EN = Low (Note 6)
No Input Signal (Note 8)
P
OUT
= 4dBm (Note 9)
P
OUT
= 4dBm (Note 10)
P
OUT
/P
IN, I&Q
20 • Log (V
OUT, 50Ω
/V
IN, DIFF, I or Q
)
1V
P-P DIFF
CW Signal, I and Q
(Note 17)
(Note 7)
(Notes 13, 14)
(Notes 13, 15)
(Note 16)
EN = High, P
LO
= 0dBm (Note 16)
EN = Low, P
LO
= 0dBm (Note 16)
MIN
TYP
1.5 to 2.4
1.7 to 2.2
–15
–12
–159.3
–151.8
–151.8
–6.5
–6
–2.1
–28
7.9
49
21.8
–45
–42
–57.8
1.5 to 2.4
0
–17
–5.5
14.4
20.4
–10
MAX
UNITS
GHz
GHz
dB
dB
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dB
dB
dBm
dB
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBc
dBm
dBm
GHz
dBm
dB
dB
dB
dB
dBm
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
G
P
G
V
P
OUT
G
3LO vs LO
OP1dB
OIP2
OIP3
IR
LOFT
LO Input (LO)
f
LO
P
LO
S
11, ON
S
11, OFF
NF
LO
G
LO
IIP3
LO
Conversion Power Gain
Conversion Voltage Gain
Absolute Output Power
3 • LO Conversion Gain Difference
Output 1dB Compression
Output 2nd Order Intercept
Output 3rd Order Intercept
Image Rejection
Carrier Leakage
(LO Feed-Through)
LO Frequency Range
LO Input Power
LO Input Return Loss
LO Input Return Loss
LO Input Referred Noise Figure
LO to RF Small Signal Gain
LO Input 3rd Order Intercept
–10
EN = High (Note 6)
EN = Low (Note 6)
(Note 5) at 2GHz
(Note 5) at 2GHz
(Note 5) at 2GHz
5
2
U
5528f
W
U
U
W W
W
LT5528
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
Baseband Inputs (BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ)
BW
BB
Baseband Bandwidth
V
CMBB
DC Common Mode Voltage
R
IN, SE
Single-Ended Input Resistance
P
LO2BB
Carrier Feed-Through on BB
IP1dB
Input 1dB Compression Point
ΔG
I/Q
I/Q Absolute Gain Imbalance
Δϕ
I/Q
I/Q Absolute Phase Imbalance
Power Supply (V
CC
)
V
CC
Supply Voltage
I
CC, ON
Supply Current
I
CC, OFF
Supply Current, Sleep Mode
t
ON
Turn-On Time
t
OFF
Turn-Off Time
Enable (EN), Low = Off, High = On
Enable
Input High Voltage
Input High Current
Sleep
Input Low Voltage
V
CC
= 5V, EN = High, T
A
= 25°C, f
LO
= 2GHz, f
RF
= 2.002GHz, P
LO
= 0dBm.
BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ inputs 0.525V
DC
, Baseband Input Frequency = 2MHz, I&Q 90° shifted (upper sideband selection).
P
RF, OUT
= –10dBm, unless otherwise noted. (Note 3)
CONDITIONS
–3dB Bandwidth
(Note 4)
(Note 4)
P
OUT
= 0 (Note 4)
Differential Peak-to-Peak (Note 7)
MIN
TYP
400
0.525
45
–40
3.2
0.05
0.5
4.5
EN = High
EN = 0V
EN = Low to High (Note 11)
EN = High to Low (Note 12)
EN = High
EN = 5V
EN = Low
1.0
240
0.5
5
125
0.05
0.25
1.3
5.25
145
50
MAX
UNITS
MHz
V
Ω
dBm
V
P-P, DIFF
dB
Deg
V
mA
µA
µs
µs
V
µA
V
Note 1:
Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life
of a device may be impaired.
Note 2:
Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C temperature range are
assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process
controls.
Note 3:
Tests are performed as shown in the configuration of Figure 7.
Note 4:
On each of the four baseband inputs BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ and
BBMQ.
Note 5:
V(BBPI) – V(BBMI) = 1V
DC
, V(BBPQ) – V(BBMQ) = 1V
DC
.
Note 6:
Maximum value within –1dB bandwidth.
Note 7:
An external coupling capacitor is used in the RF output line.
Note 8:
At 20MHz offset from the LO signal frequency.
Note 9:
At 20MHz offset from the CW signal frequency.
Note 10:
At 5MHz offset from the CW signal frequency.
Note 11:
RF power is within 10% of final value.
Note 12:
RF power is at least 30dB lower than in the ON state.
Note 13:
Baseband is driven by 2MHz and 2.1MHz tones. Drive level is set
in such a way that the two resulting RF tones are –10dBm each.
Note 14:
IM2 measured at LO frequency + 4.1MHz.
Note 15:
IM3 measured at LO frequency + 1.9MHz and LO frequency +
2.2MHz.
Note 16:
Amplitude average of the characterization data set without image
or LO feed-through nulling (unadjusted).
Note 17:
The difference in conversion gain between the spurious signal at
f = 3 • LO – BB versus the conversion gain at the desired signal at f = LO +
BB for BB = 2MHz and LO = 2GHz.
5528f
3
LT5528
V
CC
= 5V, EN = High, T
A
= 25°C, f
LO
= 2.14GHz, P
LO
= 0dBm. BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ inputs 0.525V
DC
, Baseband Input Frequency f
BB
= 2MHz, I&Q 90° shifted. f
RF
= f
BB
+ f
LO
(upper
sideband selection). P
RF, OUT
= –10dBm (–10dBm/tone for 2-tone measurements), unless otherwise noted. (Note 3)
Gain and Output 1dB
Compression vs LO Frequency
and Supply Voltage
10
5
GAIN (dB), OP1dB (dBm)
0
–5
–10
GAIN
–15
–20
1.3
4.5V
5V
5.5V
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
Supply Current vs Supply Voltage
140
85°C
5
25°C
120
–40°C
110
GAIN (dB), OP1dB (dBm)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
130
0
–5
–10
10
100
4.5
5.0
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Output IP3 and Noise Floor vs
LO Frequency and Temperature
26
24
22
20
OIP3 (dBm)
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
NOISE FLOOR
NO BASEBAND SIGNAL
20MHz OFFSET NOISE
OIP3
f
BB, 1
= 2MHz
f
BB, 2
= 2.1MHz
–142
–40°C
25°C –144
85°C
–146
NOISE FLOOR (dBm/Hz)
–148
–150
–152
–154
–156
–158
–160
–162
2.7
26
24
22
20
OIP3 (dBm)
18
16
14
12
10
8
–150
–152
–154
OIP2 (dBm)
4
U W
5.5
5528 G01
5528 G04
Gain and Output 1dB Compression
vs LO Frequency and Temperature
OP1dB
OP1dB
GAIN
–15
–20
1.3
–40°C
25°C
85°C
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
5528 G02
5528 G03
Output IP3 and Noise Floor vs
LO Frequency and Supply Voltage
–142
4.5V
5V –144
5.5V
–146
NOISE FLOOR (dBm/Hz)
OIP3
f
BB, 1
= 2MHz
f
BB, 2
= 2.1MHz
–148
65
60
55
50
45
40
Output IP2 vs LO Frequency
NOISE FLOOR
NO BASEBAND SIGNAL
20MHz OFFSET NOISE
–156
–158
–160
6
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
–162
2.7
35
1.3
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
5528 G05
f
IM2
= f
BB,1
+ f
BB,2
+ f
LO
f
BB, 1
= 2MHz
f
BB, 2
= 2.1MHz
5528 G06
5528f
LT5528
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
V
CC
= 5V, EN = High, T
A
= 25°C, f
LO
= 2.14GHz, P
LO
= 0dBm. BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ inputs 0.525V
DC
, Baseband Input Frequency f
BB
= 2MHz, I&Q 90° shifted. f
RF
= f
BB
+ f
LO
(upper
sideband selection). P
RF, OUT
= –10dBm (–10dBm/tone for 2-tone measurements), unless otherwise noted. (Note 3)
2 • LO Leakage to RF Output vs
2 • LO Frequency
–25
–30
P(2 • LO) (dBm)
P(3 • LO) (dBm)
–35
–40
–45
–50
–55
2.6
–30
–35
–40
–45
–50
–55
–60
–65
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
5.5V, 25°C
3.0
3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0
2 • LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
5.4
–70
3.9
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
5.5V, 25°C
4.5
5.1 5.7 6.3 6.9 7.5
3 • LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
8.1
LOFT (dBm)
Image Rejection vs LO Frequency
–26
–30
IMAGE REJECTION (dBc)
–32
–34
–36
–38
–40
–42
–44
–46
–48
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
ABSOLUTE I/Q GAIN IMBALANCE (dB)
–28
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
5.5V, 25°C
0.3
ABSOLUTE I/Q PHASE IMBALANCE (DEG)
U W
3 • LO Leakage to RF Output vs
3 • LO Frequency
–36
–38
–40
–42
–44
–46
–48
–50
–52
LO to RF Output Feed-Through vs
LO Frequency
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
5.5V, 25°C
–54
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
5528 G07
5528 G08
5528 G09
Absolute I/Q Gain Imbalance vs
LO Frequency
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
5.5V, 25°C
5
Absolute I/Q Phase Imbalance vs
LO Frequency
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
5.5V, 25°C
4
0.2
3
2
0.1
1
0
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
0
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
5528 G10
5528 G11
5528 G12
5528f
5
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