A4980
Automotive, Programmable Stepper Driver
FEATURES AND BENEFITS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Peak motor current up to ±1.4 A, 28 V
Low R
DS(on)
outputs, 0.5 Ω source and sink, typical
Automatic current decay mode detection/selection
Mixed, Fast, and Slow current decay modes
Synchronous rectification for low power dissipation
Internal OVLO, UVLO, and Thermal Shutdown circuitry
Crossover-current protection
Short circuit, and open load diagnostics
Hot and cold thermal warning
Stall detect features
SPI-compatible or simple Step and Direction motion
control
• Highly configurable via SPI-compatible serial interface
DESCRIPTION
The A4980 is a flexible microstepping motor driver with built-in
translator for easy operation. It is a single-chip solution, designed
to operate bipolar stepper motors in full-, half-, quarter- and
sixteenth-step modes, at up to 28 V and ±1.4 A. The A4980
can be controlled by simple Step and Direction inputs, or
through the SPI-compatible serial interface that also can be
used to program many of the integrated features and to read
diagnostic information.
The current regulator can be programmed to operate in fixed
off-time or fixed frequency PWM, with several decay modes
to reduce audible motor noise and increase step accuracy. In
addition the phase current tables can be programmed via the
serial interface to create unique microstep current profiles to
further improve motor performance for specific applications.
The current in each phase of the motor is controlled through a
DMOS full bridge, using synchronous rectification to improve
power dissipation. Internal circuits and timers prevent cross-
conduction and shoot-through, when switching between high-
side and low-side drives.
The outputs are protected from short circuits, and features
for low load current and stalled rotor detection are included.
Chip-level protection includes: hot and cold thermal warnings,
overtemperature shutdown, and overvoltage and undervoltage
lockout.
The A4980 is supplied in a 28-pin TSSOP power package with
an exposed thermal pad (package type LP). This package is
lead (Pb) free with 100% matte-tin leadframe plating.
APPLICATIONS
• Automotive stepper motors
• Engine management
• Headlamp positioning
PACKAGE:
28-Pin TSSOP with Exposed Thermal Pad
(suffix LP)
Not to scale
Logic
Supply
CP1 2 VCP VBB
VDD
STEP
OAP
DIR
MS0
MS1
OAM
ENABLE
RESETn
DIAG
REF
OBP
Automotive
12V Power Net
Logic
Supply
CP1 2 VCP VBB
VDD
STEP
OAP
DIR
MS0
MS1
OAM
ENABLE
RESETn
DIAG
REF
OBP
SDI
SDO
OBM
SCK
STRn
VREG
SENSA
SENSB
OSC
AGND PGND
Automotive
12V Power Net
Micro-
controller
or
ECU
Stepper
Motor
Micro-
controller
or
ECU
Stepper
Motor
SDI
SDO
OBM
SCK
STRn
VREG
SENSA
SENSB
OSC
AGND PGND
Serial Interface Control
Typical Applications
A4980-DS, Rev. 4
Parallel Control
A4980
Automotive, Programmable Stepper Driver
SPECIFICATIONS
Selection Guide
Part Number
A4980KLP-T
A4980KLPTR-T
*Contact Allegro
™
for additional packing options
Packing*
50 pieces per tube
4000 pieces per reel
4.4 mm × 9.7 mm, 1.2 mm nominal height
TSSOP with exposed thermal pad
Absolute Maximum Ratings
With respect to GND
Characteristic
Load Supply Voltage
Logic Supply Voltage
Pin CP1
Pins CP2, VCP
Pins STEP, DIR, ENABLE, DIAG
Pin VREG
Pin RESETn
Pin OSC
Pins MS0, MS1
Pins SDI, SDO, SCK, STRn
Pin REF
Pins OAP, OAM, OBP, OBM
Pins SENSA, SENSB
Ambient Operating Temperature
Range
Maximum Continuous Junction
Temperature
Transient Junction Temperature
Storage Temperature Range
T
A
T
J
(max)
T
tJ
T
stg
Overtemperature event not exceeding 10 s, lifetime
duration not exceeding 10 hours, guaranteed by design and
characterization
Range K; limited by power dissipation
Can be pulled to V
BB
with 38 kΩ
Symbol
V
BBx
V
DD
Applies to V
BBA
and V
BBB
Notes
Rating
–0.3 to 50
–0.3 to 6
–0.3 to V
BB
–0.3 to V
BB
+8
–0.3 to 6
–0.3 to 8.5
–0.3 to 6
–0.3 to 6
–0.3 to 6
–0.3 to 6
–0.3 to 6
–0.3 to V
BB
–0.3 to 1
–40 to 150
150
175
–55 to 150
Unit
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
°C
°C
°C
°C
Thermal Characteristics
may require derating at maximum conditions
Characteristic
Package Thermal Resistance
(Junction to Ambient)
Package Thermal Resistance
(Junction to Pad)
Symbol
R
θJA
R
θJP
Test Conditions*
4-layer PCB based on JEDEC standard
2-layer PCB with 24.52 cm
2
of copper area each side
Value
28
32
2
Unit
ºC/W
ºC/W
ºC/W
*Additional thermal information available on the Allegro website
Allegro MicroSystems, LLC
115 Northeast Cutoff
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A.
1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com
2
A4980
Automotive, Programmable Stepper Driver
3.3V
VDD
OSC
Oscillator
REF
DAC
REF
VREG
Regulator
CP1
Charge
Pump
CP2
VCP
6-bit
DAC
SENSA
DMOS Full Bridge
VBBA
VBAT
+
-
Translator
STEP
DIR
MS1
MS0
RESETn
ENABLE
OAP
PWM
Control
OAM
System
Control
and
Registers
Serial Interface
SENSA
Bridge
Control
Logic
Gate
Drive
DMOS Full Bridge
VBBB
VBAT
SDI
SDO
SCK
STRn
PWM
Control
REF
OBP
OBM
6-bit
DAC
+
-
SENSB
SENSB
DIAG
Undervoltage, Overvoltage
Cold Warning, Hot Warning, Overtemperature
Short Detect, Open Load Detect
Stall Detect
AGND
PAD
PGND
Functional Block Diagram
Allegro MicroSystems, LLC
115 Northeast Cutoff
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A.
1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com
3
A4980
Automotive, Programmable Stepper Driver
Pin-out Diagram and Terminal List Table
SENSA
STRn
DIR
OAP
OSC
SDI
AGND
REF
SCK
VDD
OBP
MS1
MS0
SENSB
1
2
3
4
Timer
5
6
7
8
9
10 VDD
11
12
13
14
Ref
Charge
Pump
28
27
26
25
24
I/O & Control
23
22
21
Reg
20
19
18
17
16
15
VBBA
RESETn
ENABLE
OAM
CP2
CP1
VCP
PGND
VREG
STEP
OBM
SDO
DIAG
VBBB
Pin-out Diagram
Terminal List Table
Name
AGND
CP2
CP1
DIAG
DIR
ENABLE
MS0
MS1
OAM
OAP
OBM
OBP
OSC
PAD
Number
7
24
23
16
3
26
13
12
25
4
18
11
5
–
Description
Analog reference ground
Charge pump capacitor terminal
Charge pump capacitor terminal
Diagnostic output
Direction select input
Bridge enable input
Microstep select input
Microstep select input
Bridge A negative output
Bridge A positive output
Bridge B negative output
Bridge B positive output
Oscillator input
Connect exposed tab to ground
Name
PGND
REF
RESETn
SCK
SDI
SDO
SENSA
SENSB
STEP
STRn
VBBA
VBBB
VCP
VDD
VREG
Number
21
8
27
9
6
17
1
14
19
2
28
15
22
10
20
Power Ground
Reference input voltage
Chip reset
Serial data clock
Serial data input
Serial data output
Current sense node – bridge A
Current sense node – bridge B
Step input
Serial data strobe
Motor supply – bridge A
Motor supply – bridge B
Above supply voltage
Logic Supply
Regulated voltage
Description
Allegro MicroSystems, LLC
115 Northeast Cutoff
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A.
1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com
4
A4980
Automotive, Programmable Stepper Driver
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1,2
: valid at T
J
= –40°C to 150°C, V
BB
= 6 to 28 V, V
DD
= 3 to 5.5 V; unless otherwise noted
Characteristics
Supplies
Load Supply Voltage Range
3
Load Supply Quiescent Current
Logic Supply Voltage Range
Logic Supply Quiescent Current
V
BB
I
BBQ
V
DD
ENABLE = 0
I
DDQ
ENABLE=0, V
DD
> 5 V
Sleep mode
Charge Pump Voltage
Internal Regulator Voltage
Internal Regulator Dropout Voltage
Motor Bridge Output
V
BB
= 13.5 V, I
OUT
= –1 A, T
J
= 25°C
High-Side On-Resistance
High-Side Body Diode Forward
Voltage
Low-Side On-Resistance
Low-Side Body Diode Forward
Voltage
R
ONH
V
BB
= 13.5 V, I
OUT
= –1 A, T
J
= 150°C
V
BB
= 7 V, I
OUT
= –1 A, T
J
= 25°C
V
FH
I
F
= 1 A
V
BB
= 13.5 V, I
OUT
= 1 A, T
J
= 25°C
R
ONL
V
BB
= 13.5 V, I
OUT
= 1 A, T
J
= 150°C
V
BB
= 7 V, I
OUT
= 1 A, T
J
= 25°C
V
FL
I
F
= –1 A
ENABLE = 0, RESETn = 1, V
O
= V
BB
Output Leakage Current
I
LO
ENABLE = 0, RESETn = 1, V
O
= 0 V
ENABLE = 0, RESETn = 0, V
O
= V
BB
ENABLE = 0, RESETn = 0, V
O
= 0 V
Current Control
Internal Oscillator Frequency
External Oscillator Frequency Range
Blank Time
4
Off-Time (In Fixed Off-Time Mode)
4
PWM Frequency (In Fixed Frequency
Mode)
4
Fast Decay Time
4
Reference Input Voltage
Internal Reference Voltage
f
OSC
f
EXT
t
BLANK
t
OFF
f
PWM
t
FAST
V
REF
V
REFint
REF tied to VDD
Default Blank-Time
Default Off-Time
Default PWM Frequency
Default Fast Decay Time
OSC = AGND
51 kΩ from OSC to VDD
3.2
3.6
3
–
–
–
–
0.8
1.1
4
–
–
1500
44
16.7
8
–
1.2
4.8
4.4
5
–
–
–
–
2
1.3
MHz
MHz
MHz
ns
µs
kHz
µs
V
V
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–120
–200
–
–20
500
900
625
–
500
900
625
–
–65
–120
<1.0
<1.0
600
1100
750
1.4
600
1100
750
1.4
–
–
20
–
mΩ
mΩ
mΩ
V
mΩ
mΩ
mΩ
V
µA
µA
µA
µA
V
CP
V
REG
V
REGDO
With repect to VBB, V
BB
>7.5 V, ENABLE = 0,
RESETn = 1
ENABLE = 0, RESETn = 1, V
BB
> 7.5 V
ENABLE = 0, RESETn = 1, V
BB
> 3.5 V
Functional
Outputs Driving
ENABLE = 0
Sleep mode
0
3.3
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1
–
–
–
4
6.7
7.2
100
50
V
BBOV
4
10
5.5
5
5.5
15
–
–
200
V
V
mA
µA
V
mA
mA
µA
V
V
mV
Symbol
Test Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Continued on the next page…
Allegro MicroSystems, LLC
115 Northeast Cutoff
Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 U.S.A.
1.508.853.5000; www.allegromicro.com
5
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