CY7C63722
CY7C63723
CY7C63743
enCoRe™ USB Combination Low-Speed
USB and PS/2 Peripheral Controller
1.0
Features
• enCoRe™ USB - enhanced Component Reduction
— Internal oscillator eliminates the need for an external
crystal or resonator
— Interface can auto-configure to operate as PS/2 or
USB without the need for external components to
switch between modes (no General Purpose I/O
[GPIO] pins needed to manage dual mode capability)
— Internal 3.3V regulator for USB pull-up resistor
— Configurable GPIO for real-world interface without
external components
• Flexible, cost-effective solution for applications that
combine PS/2 and low-speed USB, such as mice, game-
pads, joysticks, and many others.
• USB Specification Compliance
— Conforms to USB Specification, Version 2.0
— Conforms to USB HID Specification, Version 1.1
— Supports one low-speed USB device address and
three data endpoints
— Integrated USB transceiver
— 3.3V regulated output for USB pull-up resistor
• 8-bit RISC microcontroller
— Harvard architecture
— 6-MHz external ceramic resonator or internal clock
mode
— 12-MHz internal CPU clock
— Internal memory
— 256 bytes of RAM
— 8 Kbytes of EPROM
— Interface can auto-configure to operate as PS/2 or
USB
— No external components for switching between PS/2
and USB modes
— No GPIO pins needed to manage dual mode
capability
•
I/O ports
— Up to 16 versatile GPIO pins, individually
configurable
— High current drive on any GPIO pin: 50 mA/pin
current sink
— Each GPIO pin supports high-impedance inputs,
internal pull-ups, open drain outputs or traditional
CMOS outputs
— Maskable interrupts on all I/O pins
• SPI serial communication block
— Master or slave operation
— 2 Mbit/s transfers
• Four 8-bit Input Capture registers
— Two registers each for two input pins
— Capture timer setting with five prescaler settings
— Separate registers for rising and falling edge capture
— Simplifies interface to RF inputs for wireless
applications
• Internal low-power wake-up timer during suspend
mode
— Periodic wake-up with no external components
• Optional 6-MHz internal oscillator mode
— Allows fast start-up from suspend mode
• Watchdog Reset (WDR)
• Low-voltage Reset at 3.75V
• Internal brown-out reset for suspend mode
• Improved output drivers to reduce EMI
• Operating voltage from 4.0V to 5.5VDC
• Operating temperature from 0°C to 70°C
• CY7C63723 available in 18-pin SOIC, 18-pin PDIP
• CY7C63743 available in 24-pin SOIC, 24-pin PDIP, 24-pin
QSOP
• CY7C63722 available in DIE form
• Industry standard programmer support
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation
Document #: 38-08022 Rev. *B
•
3901 North First Street
•
San Jose
•
CA 95134 • 408-943-2600
Revised September 27, 2004
FOR
FOR
CY7C63722
CY7C63723
CY7C63743
2.0
Logic Block Diagram
XTALIN/P2.1
XTALOUT
Internal
Oscillator
Xtal
Oscillator
Wake-Up
Timer
RAM
256 Byte
12-bit
Timer
Capture
Timers
SPI
EPROM
8K Byte
Brown-out
Reset
Watch
Dog
Timer
Low
Voltage
Reset
8-bit
RISC
Core
Interrupt
Controller
USB
Engine
USB &
PS/2
Xcvr
Port 0
GPIO
Port 1
GPIO
3.3V
Regulator
VREG/P2.0
D+,D–
P1.0–P1.7
P0.0–P0.7
3.0
3.1
Functional Overview
enCoRe USB—The New USB Standard
Cypress has reinvented its leadership position in the
low-speed USB market with a new family of innovative
microcontrollers. Introducing...enCoRe USB—“enhanced
Component Reduction.” Cypress has leveraged its design
expertise in USB solutions to create a new family of low-speed
USB microcontrollers that enables peripheral developers to
design new products with a minimum number of components.
At the heart of the enCoRe USB technology is the break-
through design of a crystalless oscillator. By integrating the
oscillator into our chip, an external crystal or resonator is no
longer needed. We have also integrated other external compo-
nents commonly found in low-speed USB applications such as
pull-up resistors, wake-up circuitry, and a 3.3V regulator. All of
this adds up to a lower system cost.
The CY7C637xx is an 8-bit RISC one-time-programmable
(OTP) microcontroller. The instruction set has been optimized
specifically for USB and PS/2 operations, although the micro-
controllers can be used for a variety of other embedded appli-
cations.
The CY7C637xx features up to 16 GPIO pins to support USB,
PS/2 and other applications. The I/O pins are grouped into two
ports (Port 0 to 1) where each pin can be individually
configured as inputs with internal pull-ups, open drain outputs,
or traditional CMOS outputs with programmable drive strength
of up to 50 mA output drive. Additionally, each I/O pin can be
used to generate a GPIO interrupt to the microcontroller. Note
the GPIO interrupts all share the same “GPIO” interrupt vector.
The CY7C637xx microcontrollers feature an internal oscillator.
With the presence of USB traffic, the internal oscillator can be
set to precisely tune to USB timing requirements (6 MHz
Document #: 38-08022 Rev. *B
±1.5%). Optionally, an external 6-MHz ceramic resonator can
be used to provide a higher precision reference for USB
operation. This clock generator reduces the clock-related
noise emissions (EMI). The clock generator provides the 6-
and 12-MHz clocks that remain internal to the microcontroller.
The CY7C637xx has 8 Kbytes of EPROM and 256 bytes of
data RAM for stack space, user variables, and USB FIFOs.
These parts include low-voltage reset logic, a Watchdog timer,
a vectored interrupt controller, a 12-bit free-running timer, and
capture timers. The low-voltage reset (LVR) logic detects
when power is applied to the device, resets the logic to a
known state, and begins executing instructions at EPROM
address 0x0000. LVR will also reset the part when V
CC
drops
below the operating voltage range. The Watchdog timer can
be used to ensure the firmware never gets stalled for more
than approximately 8 ms.
The microcontroller supports 10 maskable interrupts in the
vectored interrupt controller. Interrupt sources include the USB
Bus-Reset, the 128-µs and 1.024-ms outputs from the
free-running timer, three USB endpoints, two capture timers,
an internal wake-up timer and the GPIO ports. The timers bits
cause periodic interrupts when enabled. The USB endpoints
interrupt after USB transactions complete on the bus. The
capture timers interrupt whenever a new timer value is saved
due to a selected GPIO edge event. The GPIO ports have a
level of masking to select which GPIO inputs can cause a
GPIO interrupt. For additional flexibility, the input transition
polarity that causes an interrupt is programmable for each
GPIO pin. The interrupt polarity can be either rising or falling
edge.
The free-running 12-bit timer clocked at 1 MHz provides two
interrupt sources as noted above (128
µs
and 1.024 ms). The
timer can be used to measure the duration of an event under
firmware control by reading the timer at the start and end of an
Page 2 of 49
FOR
FOR
CY7C63722
CY7C63723
CY7C63743
The USB D+ and D– USB pins can alternately be used as PS/2
SCLK and SDATA signals, so that products can be designed
to respond to either USB or PS/2 modes of operation. PS/2
operation is supported with internal pull-up resistors on SCLK
and SDATA, the ability to disable the regulator output pin, and
an interrupt to signal the start of PS/2 activity. No external
components are necessary for dual USB and PS/2 systems,
and no GPIO pins need to be dedicated to switching between
modes. Slow edge rates operate in both modes to reduce EMI.
event, and subtracting the two values. The four capture timers
save a programmable 8 bit range of the free-running timer
when a GPIO edge occurs on the two capture pins (P0.0,
P0.1).
The CY7C637xx includes an integrated USB serial interface
engine (SIE) that supports the integrated peripherals. The
hardware supports one USB device address with three
endpoints. The SIE allows the USB host to communicate with
the function integrated into the microcontroller. A 3.3V
regulated output pin provides a pull-up source for the external
USB resistor on the D– pin.
4.0
Pin Configurations
Top View
CY7C63723
18-pin SOIC/PDIP
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P1.0
VSS
VPP
VREG/P2.0
XTALIN/P2.1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
P1.1
D+/SCLK
D–/SDATA
VCC
XTALOUT
CY7C63743
24-pin SOIC/PDIP/QSOP
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P1.0
P1.2
P1.4
P1.6
VSS
VPP
VREG/P2.0
XTALIN/P2.1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
P1.1
P1.3
P1.5
P1.7
D+/SCLK
D–/SDATA
VCC
XTALOUT
CY7C63722-XC
DIE
3
2
1
25
24
23
P0.3
P1.0
P1.2
P1.4
P1.6
VSS
4
5
6
7
8
9
22
21
20
19
18
P0.2
P0.1
P0.0
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
P1.1
P1.3
P1.5
P1.7
VSS 10
VPP 11
VREG 12
XTALIN/P2.1
XTALOUT
VCC
D-/SDATA
13
14
15
16
17 D+/SCLK
5.0
Pin Definitions
CY7C63723
Name
I/O
I/O
I/O
18-Pin
12
13
CY7C63743
24-Pin
15
16
CY7C63722
25-Pad
16
17
Description
USB differential data lines (D– and D+), or PS/2 clock
and data signals (SDATA and SCLK)
D–/SDATA,
D+/SCLK
P0[7:0]
1, 2, 3, 4,
1, 2, 3, 4,
1, 2, 3, 4,
GPIO Port 0 capable of sinking up to 50 mA/pin, or
15, 16, 17, 18 21, 22, 23, 24 22, 23, 24, 25 sinking controlled low or high programmable current.
Can also source 2 mA current, provide a resistive
pull-up, or serve as a high-impedance input. P0.0 and
P0.1 provide inputs to Capture Timers A and B, respec-
tively.
5, 14
5, 6, 7, 8,
5, 6, 7, 8,
IO Port 1 capable of sinking up to 50 mA/pin, or sinking
17, 18, 19, 20 18, 19, 20, 21 controlled low or high programmable current. Can also
source 2 mA current, provide a resistive pull-up, or
serve as a high-impedance input.
12
13
10
14
11
9
13
14
11
15
12
9, 10
6-MHz ceramic resonator or external clock input, or
P2.1 input
6-MHz ceramic resonator return pin or internal oscillator
output
Programming voltage supply, ground for normal
operation
Voltage supply
Voltage supply for 1.3-kΩ USB pull-up resistor (3.3V
nominal). Also serves as P2.0 input.
Ground
P1[7:0]
I/O
XTALIN/P2.1
XTALOUT
V
PP
V
CC
VREG/P2.0
V
SS
IN
OUT
9
10
7
11
8
6
Document #: 38-08022 Rev. *B
Page 3 of 49
FOR
FOR
CY7C63722
CY7C63723
CY7C63743
The return from interrupt (RETI) instruction decrements the
program stack pointer, then restores the second byte from
memory addressed by the PSP. The program stack pointer is
decremented again and the first byte is restored from memory
addressed by the PSP. After the program counter and flags
have been restored from stack, the interrupts are enabled. The
effect is to restore the program counter and flags from the
program stack, decrement the program stack pointer by two,
and reenable interrupts.
The call subroutine (CALL) instruction stores the program
counter and flags on the program stack and increments the
PSP by two.
The return from subroutine (RET) instruction restores the
program counter, but not the flags, from program stack and
decrements the PSP by two.
Note that there are restrictions in using the JMP, CALL, and
INDEX instructions across the 4-KByte boundary of the
program memory. Refer to the
CYASM Assembler User’s
Guide
for a detailed description.
6.0
Programming Model
Refer to the
CYASM Assembler User’s Guide
for more details
on firmware operation with the CY7C637xx microcontrollers.
6.1
Program Counter (PC)
The 14-bit program counter (PC) allows access for up to 8
Kbytes of EPROM using the CY7C637xx architecture. The
program counter is cleared during reset, such that the first
instruction executed after a reset is at address 0x0000. This
instruction is typically a jump instruction to a reset handler that
initializes the application.
The lower 8 bits of the program counter are incremented as
instructions are loaded and executed. The upper six bits of the
program counter are incremented by executing an XPAGE
instruction. As a result, the last instruction executed within a
256-byte “page” of sequential code should be an XPAGE
instruction. The assembler directive “XPAGEON” will cause
the assembler to insert XPAGE instructions automatically. As
instructions can be either one or two bytes long, the assembler
may occasionally need to insert a NOP followed by an XPAGE
for correct execution.
The program counter of the next instruction to be executed,
carry flag, and zero flag are saved as two bytes on the program
stack during an interrupt acknowledge or a CALL instruction.
The program counter, carry flag, and zero flag are restored
from the program stack only during a RETI instruction.
Please note the program counter cannot be accessed directly
by the firmware. The program stack can be examined by
reading SRAM from location 0x00 and up.
6.5
8-bit Data Stack Pointer (DSP)
The data stack pointer (DSP) supports PUSH and POP
instructions that use the data stack for temporary storage. A
PUSH instruction will pre-decrement the DSP, then write data
to the memory location addressed by the DSP. A POP
instruction will read data from the memory location addressed
by the DSP, then post-increment the DSP.
During a reset, the Data Stack Pointer will be set to zero. A
PUSH instruction when DSP equals zero will write data at the
top of the data RAM (address 0xFF). This would write data to
the memory area reserved for a FIFO for USB endpoint 0. In
non-USB applications, this works fine and is not a problem.
For USB applications, the firmware should set the DSP to an
appropriate location to avoid a memory conflict with RAM
dedicated to USB FIFOs. The memory requirements for the
USB endpoints are shown in Section 8.2. For example,
assembly instructions to set the DSP to 20h (giving 32 bytes
for program and data stack combined) are shown below.
MOV A,20h
; Move 20 hex into Accumulator (must be
D8h or less to avoid USB FIFOs)
SWAP A,DSP ; swap accumulator value into DSP register
6.2
8-bit Accumulator (A)
The accumulator is the general-purpose, do everything
register in the architecture where results are usually calcu-
lated.
6.3
8-bit Index Register (X)
The index register “X” is available to the firmware as an
auxiliary accumulator. The X register also allows the processor
to perform indexed operations by loading an index value
into X.
6.4
8-bit Program Stack Pointer (PSP)
6.6
Address Modes
During a reset, the program stack pointer (PSP) is set to zero.
This means the program “stack” starts at RAM address 0x00
and “grows” upward from there. Note that the program stack
pointer is directly addressable under firmware control, using
the MOV PSP,A instruction. The PSP supports interrupt
service under hardware control and CALL, RET, and RETI
instructions under firmware control.
During an interrupt acknowledge, interrupts are disabled and
the program counter, carry flag, and zero flag are written as
two bytes of data memory. The first byte is stored in the
memory addressed by the program stack pointer, then the
PSP is incremented. The second byte is stored in memory
addressed by the program stack pointer and the PSP is incre-
mented again. The net effect is to store the program counter
and flags on the program “stack” and increment the program
stack pointer by two.
Document #: 38-08022 Rev. *B
The CY7C637xx microcontrollers support three addressing
modes for instructions that require data operands: data, direct,
and indexed.
6.6.1
Data
The “Data” address mode refers to a data operand that is
actually a constant encoded in the instruction. As an example,
consider the instruction that loads A with the constant 0x30:
• MOV A, 30h
This instruction will require two bytes of code where the first
byte identifies the “MOV A” instruction with a data operand as
the second byte. The second byte of the instruction will be the
constant “0xE8h”. A constant may be referred to by name if a
prior “EQU” statement assigns the constant value to the name.
For example, the following code is equivalent to the example
shown above.
Page 4 of 49
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CY7C63722
CY7C63723
CY7C63743
6.6.3
Indexed
“Indexed” address mode allows the firmware to manipulate
arrays of data stored in SRAM. The address of the data
operand is the sum of a constant encoded in the instruction
and the contents of the “X” register. In normal usage, the
constant will be the “base” address of an array of data and the
X register will contain an index that indicates which element of
the array is actually addressed.
• array: EQU 10h
• MOV X,3
• MOV A, [x+array]
This would have the effect of loading A with the fourth element
of the SRAM “array” that begins at address 0x10h. The fourth
element would be at address 0x13h.
• DSPINIT: EQU 30h
• MOV A,DSPINIT
6.6.2
Direct
“Direct” address mode is used when the data operand is a
variable stored in SRAM. In that case, the one byte address of
the variable is encoded in the instruction. As an example,
consider an instruction that loads A with the contents of
memory address location 0x10h:
• MOV A, [10h]
In normal usage, variable names are assigned to variable
addresses using “EQU” statements to improve the readability
of the assembler source code. As an example, the following
code is equivalent to the example shown above.
• buttons: EQU 10h
• MOV A, [buttons]
7.0
Instruction Set Summary
Refer to the
CYASM Assembler User’s Guide
for detailed
information on these instructions. Note that conditional jump
instructions (i.e., JC, JNC, JZ, JNZ) take five cycles if jump is
taken, four cycles if no jump.
MNEMONIC
HALT
ADD A,expr
ADD A,[expr]
ADD A,[X+expr]
ADC A,expr
ADC A,[expr]
ADC A,[X+expr]
SUB A,expr
SUB A,[expr]
SUB A,[X+expr]
SBB A,expr
SBB A,[expr]
SBB A,[X+expr]
OR A,expr
OR A,[expr]
OR A,[X+expr]
AND A,expr
AND A,[expr]
AND A,[X+expr]
XOR A,expr
XOR A,[expr]
XOR A,[X+expr]
CMP A,expr
CMP A,[expr]
CMP A,[X+expr]
MOV A,expr
data
direct
index
data
direct
index
data
direct
index
data
direct
index
data
direct
index
data
direct
index
data
direct
index
data
direct
index
data
Operand
Opcode
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Cycles
7
4
6
7
4
6
7
4
6
7
4
6
7
4
6
7
4
6
7
4
6
7
5
7
8
4
NOP
INC A
INC X
INC [expr]
INC [X+expr]
DEC A
DEC X
DEC [expr]
DEC [X+expr]
IORD expr
IOWR expr
POP A
POP X
PUSH A
PUSH X
SWAP A,X
SWAP A,DSP
MOV [expr],A
MOV [X+expr],A
OR [expr],A
OR [X+expr],A
AND [expr],A
AND [X+expr],A
XOR [expr],A
XOR [X+expr],A
IOWX [X+expr]
direct
index
direct
index
direct
index
direct
index
index
acc
x
direct
index
acc
x
direct
index
address
address
MNEMONIC
Operand
Opcode
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
2F
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
4
4
4
7
8
4
4
7
8
5
5
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
6
7
8
7
8
7
8
6
Cycles
Document #: 38-08022 Rev. *B
Page 5 of 49
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