ations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting,
current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation.
Visit www.Cirrus.com for design tools that help automate tasks
such as calculations for stability, internal power dissipation,
current limit and heat sink selection. The "Application Notes"
and "Technical Seminar" sections contain a wealth of informa-
tion on specific types of applications. Package outlines, heat
sinks, mounting hardware and other accessories are located
in the "Packages and Accessories" section. Evaluation Kits
are available for most Apex Precision Power product models,
consult the "Evaluation Kit" section for details. For the most
current version of all Apex Precision Power product data sheets,
visit www.Cirrus.com.
+V
S
FIGURE 2.
PROTECTION,
INDUCTIVE LOAD
SINGLE SUPPLY OPERATION
These amplifiers are suitable for operation from a single sup-
ply voltage. The operating requirements do however, impose
the limitation that the input voltages do not approach closer
than 10 volts to either supply rail. This is due to the operating
voltage requirements of the current sources, the half-dynamic
loads and the cascode stage. Refer to the simplified schemat-
ics.Thus, single supply operation requires the input signals
to be biased at least 10 volts from either supply rail. Figure 3
illustrates one bias technique to achieve this.
Figure 4 illustrates a very common deviation from true single
50K
2.5K
+210V
50K
2.5K
50K
+210V
+50/+200V
+210V
–V
S
SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)
For the PA80J and PA81J, the combination of voltage capa-
bility and internal current limits mandate that the devices are
safe for all combinations of supply voltage and load. On the
PA82J, any load combination is safe up to a total supply of 250
volts. When total supply voltage equals 300 volts, the device
will be safe if the output current is limited to 10 milliamps or
less. This means that the PA82J used on supplies up to 125
volts will sustain a short to common or either supply without
danger. When using supplies above ±125 volts, a short to
one of the supplies will be potentially destructive. When us-
ing single supply above 250 volts, a short to common will be
potentially destructive.
Safe supply voltages do not imply disregard for heatsinking.
The thermal calculations and the use of a heatsink are required
in many applications to maintain the case temperature within
the specified operating range of 0 to 70°C. Exceeding this case
temperature range can result in an inoperative circuit due to
excessive input errors or activation of the thermal shutdown.
2.5/10V
D/A
PA82J
50K
FIGURE 3.
TRUE SINGLE
SUPPLY OPERATION
INDUCTIVE LOADS
Two external diodes as shown in Figure 2, are required
to protect these amplifiers against flyback (kickback) pulses
exceeding the supply voltage of the amplifier when driving in-
ductive loads. For component selection, these external diodes
must be very quick, such as ultra fast recovery diodes with
no more than 200 nanoseconds of reverse recovery time. Be
sure the diode voltage rating is greater than the total of both
supplies. The diode will turn on to divert the flyback energy
into the supply rails thus protecting the output transistors from
destruction due to reverse bias.
A note of caution about the supply. The energy of the flyback
pulse must be absorbed by the power supply. As a result, a
transient will be superimposed on the supply voltage, the
magnitude of the transient being a function of its transient
impedance and current sinking capability. If the supply voltage
plus transient exceeds the maximum supply rating, or if the AC
impedance of the supply is unknown, it is best to clamp the
output and the supply with a zener diode to absorb the transient.
supply operation. The availibility of two supplies still allows
ground (common) referenced signals, but also maximizes the
high voltage capability of the unipolar output. This technique
can utilize an existing low voltage system power supply and
does not place large current demands on that supply. The 12
volt supply in this case must supply only the quiescent current
of the PA81J, which is 8.5mA maximum. If the load is reactive
or EMF producing, the low voltage supply must also be able
to absorb the reverse currents generated by the load.
50K
+12V
0/5V
D/A
2K
PA81J
0/–125V
FIGURE 4.
NON-SYMMETRIC
SUPPLIES
–130V
4
PA81-82U
P r o d u c t I n n o v a t i o nF r o m
PA81J • PA82J
ContACting CiRRUs LogiC sUPPoRt
For all Apex Precision Power product questions and inquiries, call toll free 800-546-2739 in North America.
For inquiries via email, please contact apex.support@cirrus.com.
International customers can also request support by contacting their local Cirrus Logic Sales Representative.
To find the one nearest to you, go to www.cirrus.com
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Cirrus Logic, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Cirrus") believe that the information contained in this document is accurate and reliable. However, the information is subject
to change without notice and is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind (express or implied). Customers are advised to obtain the latest version of relevant
information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale
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for the use of this information, including use of this information as the basis for manufacture or sale of any items, or for infringement of patents or other rights of third
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copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets or other intellectual property rights. Cirrus owns the copyrights associated with the information contained herein and gives con-
sent for copies to be made of the information only for use within your organization with respect to Cirrus integrated circuits or other products of Cirrus. This consent
does not extend to other copying such as copying for general distribution, advertising or promotional purposes, or for creating any work for resale.
CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROP-
ERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL APPLICATIONS”). CIRRUS PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED TO BE
SUITABLE FOR USE IN PRODUCTS SURGICALLY IMPLANTED INTO THE BODY, AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY OR SECURITY DEVICES, LIFE SUPPORT PROD-
UCTS OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. INCLUSION OF CIRRUS PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD TO BE FULLY AT THE CUS-
TOMER’S RISK AND CIRRUS DISCLAIMS AND MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS, STATUTORY OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH REGARD TO ANY CIRRUS PRODUCT THAT IS USED IN SUCH A MANNER. IF THE
CUSTOMER OR CUSTOMER’S CUSTOMER USES OR PERMITS THE USE OF CIRRUS PRODUCTS IN CRITICAL APPLICATIONS, CUSTOMER AGREES,
BY SUCH USE, TO FULLY INDEMNIFY CIRRUS, ITS OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES, DISTRIBUTORS AND OTHER AGENTS FROM ANY AND ALL
LIABILITY, INCLUDING ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND COSTS, THAT MAY RESULT FROM OR ARISE IN CONNECTION WITH THESE USES.
Cirrus Logic, Cirrus, and the Cirrus Logic logo designs, Apex Precision Power, Apex and the Apex Precision Power logo designs are trademarks of Cirrus Logic, Inc.
All other brand and product names in this document may be trademarks or service marks of their respective owners.
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