PXI RF Signal Conditioning
NI PXI-5690, NI PXI-5691, NI PXI-5695
NEW!
Key Amplifier Features
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◾
Up to +24 dBm maximum output power
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◾
Up to 30 dB gain
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0.5 dB gain resolution
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Typical noise figure <5 dB
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Both fixed and programmable
gain channels
Key Attenuator Features
◾
◾
Up to 60 dB total attenuation
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◾
0.5 dB attenuation resolution
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1.2:1 typical voltage standing
wave ratio (VSWR)
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Both fixed and programmable
attenuator channels
Operating System
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Windows 7/XP/2000/NT
Recommended Software
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◾
LabVIEW
◾
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LabWindows
™
/CVI
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C/C++/.NET
Driver Software (included)
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◾
NI-5690
Overview
National Instruments PXI RF signal conditioning modules include low-noise/
high-gain amplifiers and programmable attenuators. You can use these 3U PXI
modules to optimize the dynamic range of PXI RF vector signal generators and
analyzers. The NI PXI-5690 is a 100 kHz to 3 GHz, two-channel programmable
amplifier and attenuator; the NI PXI-5691 is a 50 MHz to 8 GHz, two-channel
programmable amplifier; and the NI PXI-5695 is a 50 MHz to 8 GHz, two-channel
programmable attenuator.
PXI RF Amplifiers
PXI-5690 (2.5 GHz)
CH0 Gain
CH0 Noise Figure
CH0 P1dB
CH0 IP3 (TOI)
CH0 Max Output Power
CH1 Max Gain
CH1 Noise Figure
CH1 P1dB
CH1 IP3 (TOI)
CH1 Max Output Power
31 dB
5.5 dB
+18 dBm
+23 dBm
+20 dBm
16 dB
8 dB
+16 dBm
+15 dBm
+20 dBm
PXI-5691 (2.5 GHz)
28 dB
5 dB
+21 dBm
+33 dBm
+25 dBm
28 dB
5 dB
+21 dBm
+33 dBm
+25 dBm
PXI-5691 (6.6 GHz)
27 dB
4 dB
+21 dBm
+33 dBm
+25 dBm
21 dB
5 dB
+21 dBm
+33 dBm
+25 dBm
RF Signal Conditioning Applications
You can use PXI programmable amplifiers with both RF signal generators and
RF signal analyzers. When combined with RF vector signal generators, PXI RF
amplifiers enable high-power signal generation. For example, the PXI-5691 offers
up to 28 dB of gain and a 1 dB compression point of +21 dBm. Using this module,
you can extend the upper power range of your vector signal generator.
When used with RF vector signal analyzers, the same programmable
amplifiers can improve the noise floor of the measurement system. For example,
with a typical noise figure of 5 dB at 2.5 GHz, the PXI-5691 programmable
amplifier can be combined with the NI PXI-5663 RF vector signal analyzer to
measure signals down to -163 dBm/Hz.
With PXI programmable attenuators, you can improve the power accuracy of
your RF signal generator in lower power ranges. With an external attenuator,
you generate RF signals in the most accurate range of the signal generator and
attenuate the signal to the desired output power.
Note:
All values are typical results at either 2.5 or 6.6 GHz.
Table 1. PXI RF Programmable Amplifiers Comparison
PXI-5690 RF Programmable
Amplifier/Attenuator
The PXI-5690 is a 100 kHz to 3 GHz, two-channel programmable amplifier and
attenuator with one fixed gain path and one programmable gain/attenuation
path. The combined paths offer up to 37 dB of total signal gain at 2.5 GHz when
signal paths are cascaded.
PXI RF Signal Conditioning
CH 0 IN
CH 0 OUT
PXI-5695 RF Programmable Attenuator
The PXI-5695 is a 50 MHz to 8 GHz, two-channel RF programmable attenuator
with one fixed attenuation path and one programmable attenuation path.
The combined paths can provide up to 70 dB of total attenuation at 2.5 GHz
Step
Attenuator
Main Path
CH 1 IN
Direct Path
CH 1 OUT
when cascaded.
Fixed
Attenuator
Figure 1. PXI-5690 Block Diagram
CH 0 IN
Channel 0 functions as a fixed gain preamplifier with a typical gain of 30 dB
across all frequencies. This channel offers a low noise figure and a flat
frequency response.
Channel 1 functions as a programmable preamplifier containing two user-
selectable paths. The main path consists of a step attenuator followed by a fixed
gain amplifier. The step attenuator is software programmable in 1 dB steps. In
software, you can configure channel 1 to provide up to 10 dB of attenuation or up
to 22 dB of gain – depending on frequency range. The direct path gives you the
option of bypassing the attenuator-amplifier circuitry.
CH 1 IN
CH 0 OUT
Main Path
Direct Path
Step
Attenuator
CH 1 OUT
Figure 3. PXI-5695 Block Diagram
Channel 0 functions as a fixed attenuator with more than 27.5 dB of
attenuation across all frequencies.
Channel 1 functions as a programmable attenuator with up to 42 dB
of attenuation across all frequencies. You can control this attenuator
programmatically in software with 0.5 dB resolution.
PXI-5691 RF Programmable Amplifier
The PXI-5691 is a 50 MHz to 8 GHz, two-channel programmable amplifier with
one fixed gain path and one programmable gain path. The combined paths can
provide up to 55 dB of total signal gain at 2.5 GHz when the two channels
are cascaded.
CH 0 IN
CH 0 OUT
Software
You can programmatically control PXI-569x modules using NI-5690 programming
software. This driver provides C-style and NI LabVIEW APIs to help you control
both gain and attenuation. A block diagram of a basic LabVIEW example to
control the PXI-5691 amplifier is shown in Figure 4.
Step
Attenuator
Main Path
CH 1 IN
Direct Path
CH 1 OUT
Figure 2. PXI-5691 Block Diagram
Channel 0 functions as a fixed gain preamplifier with a typical gain of more
than 26 dB across all frequencies. This channel offers a low noise figure and a
flat frequency response.
Channel 1 functions as a programmable preamplifier containing two user-
selectable paths. The main path consists of fixed gain amplification preceded
by a step attenuator that is adjustable by software in 0.5 dB nominal steps. The
direct path gives you the option of bypassing the attenuator-amplifier circuitry.
Figure 4. You can control PXI RF signal conditioning modules with NI LabVIEW software.
Ordering Information
NI PXI-5690 ....................................................................................779465-01
NI PXI-5691 ....................................................................................781035-01
NI PXI-5695 ....................................................................................781036-01
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For complete product specifications, pricing, and accessory information,
call 800 813 3693 (U.S.) or go to
ni.com/rf.
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PXI RF Signal Conditioning
NI PXI-5690 Specifications
Noise Figure (dB)
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
400M
800M
Typical NF, CH 0
Maximum NF, CH 0
1.2G 1.6G 2.0G
Frequency (Hz)
2.4G
3.0G
Channel 0 (CH 0)
Main Path Specification
Gain calibration accuracy......................
Gain variation by temperature ..............
Maximum output power........................
Output 1 dB compression ......................
Second harmonic at ..............................
Survival input power .............................
DC voltage at input ...............................
1
±0.4 dB
1
Less than -0.03 dB/°C
+20 dBm
+18 dBm typical
+4 dBm, -40 dBc typical
-10 dBm maximum
±20 V maximum
2
Figure 6. Noise Figure (NF)
Under 500 kHz, ±1.5 dB. For all frequencies, degrades by ±0.03 dB/°C outside by 15 to 35 °C
temperature range.
2
Nondamaging for steady-state DC only. Direct path passes input DC level to output.
Channel 1 Performance, Main Path
26
22
18
14
Gain (dB)
10
6
2
–2
–6
–10
–14
0
400M
800M
1.2G 1.6G 2.0G
Frequency (Hz)
2.4G
3.0G
Channel 1 (CH 1)
Main Path Specification
Gain calibration accuracy......................
Gain variation by temperature ..............
Maximum output power........................
Output 1 dB compression ......................
Second harmonic at ..............................
Survival input power .............................
DC voltage at input ...............................
1
±0.4 dB
1
Less than -0.03 dB/°C
+20 dBm
+16 dBm typical
+4 dBm, -40 dBc typical
+20 dBm maximum (with attenuation)
±20 V maximum
2
Under 500 kHz, ±1.5 dB. For all frequencies, degrades by ±0.03 dB/°C outside by 15 to 35 °C
temperature range.
2
Nondamaging for steady-state DC only. Direct path passes input DC level to output.
Typical Gain Range, CH 1 Main Path
Minimum Gain Range, CH 1 Main Path
Figure 7. Programmable Gain Range
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
Direct Path Specification
Insertion loss calibration accuracy .......
Survival input power .............................
DC voltage at input ...............................
1
±0.4 dB
1
+20 dBm maximum (with attenuation)
Noise Figure (dB)
±20 V maximum
2
Under 500 kHz, ±1.5 dB. For all frequencies, degrades by ±0.03 dB/°C outside by 15 to 35 °C
temperature range.
2
Nondamaging for steady-state DC only. Direct path passes input DC level to output.
Channel 0 Performance
40
38
36
34
Gain (dB)
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
0
400M
800M
1.2G 1.6G 2.0G
Frequency (Hz)
2.4G
3.0G
Typical Gain, CH 0
Minimum Gain, CH 0
Typical NF, CH 1 Main Path
Maximum NF, CH 1 Main Path
0
400M
800M
1.2G 1.6G 2.0G
Frequency (Hz)
2.4G
3.0G
Figure 8. Noise Figure (NF)
Figure 5. Gain
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PXI RF Signal Conditioning
NI PXI-5691 Specifications
Channel 0 (CH 0) Performance, Main Path
Level calibration accuracy.....................
Absolute maximum input power
(no damage) ......................................
Maximum reverse power
(no damage) ......................................
Maximum output power
(no damage) ......................................
DC voltage at input ...............................
Gain variation by temperature ..............
1
Channel 1 (CH 1) Performance, Main Path
Variable level range ..............................
Attenuation resolution ..........................
Level settling time.................................
Level calibration accuracy.....................
Absolute maximum input power
(no damage) ......................................
Maximum reverse power
(no damage) ......................................
Maximum output power........................
DC voltage at input ...............................
Gain variation by temperature ..............
1
+31.5 dB
+0.5 dB typical
+4 μs maximum
1
±0.9 dB
2
+30 dBm typical
(7.1 V
rms
, 10 V
pk
at 50 Ω)
+20 dBm maximum
+25 dBm maximum
±10 V typical
(-1.34*10
-12
*
F
) – 0.01 in dB/°C
3
F
= Frequency in Hz
±0.9 dB
1
+30 dBm typical
(7.1 V
rms
, 10 V pk at 50 Ω)
+20 dBm maximum
+25 dBm maximum
±10 V typical
2
(-1.18*10
-12
*
F
) – 0.01 in dB/°C
3
F
= Frequency in Hz
Valid for T
ref
±5 °C. For temperatures other than T
ref
, the level calibration accuracy is valid after
applying the gain correction factor for
Δ T.
2
DC coupled from input to output, but only calibrated from 50 MHz to 8 GHz.
3
Calculate the correction factor using the following equation:
Δ Gain = (Gain Variation by temperature) * Δ
T
where
Δ T = T
sensor
– T
ref
T
sensor
= the temperature reading of the onboard temperature sensor in °C, as reported by
the ni5690 Get Temperature VI or the ni5690_getTemperature function T
ref
= 34 °C
36.0
34.0
32.0
30.0
Max
Typical
Min
The attenuator settling time is measured to 0.5 dB of final value when switching from minimum
to maximum attenuation. Achieving settling times closer to the final attenuation value may take
substantially longer.
2
Valid for T
ref
±5 °C. For temperatures other than T
ref
, the level calibration accuracy is valid after
applying the gain correction factor for
Δ T.
3
Calculate the correction factor using the following equation:
Δ Gain = (Gain Variation by temperature) * Δ
T
where
Δ T = T
sensor
– T
ref
T
sensor
= the temperature reading of the onboard temperature sensor in °C, as reported by
the ni5690 Get Temperature VI or the ni5690_getTemperature function T
ref
= 34 °C
35.0
30.0
Gain (dB)
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
–5.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
28.0
26.0
24.0
Gain (dB)
–10.0
–15.0
–20.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
Max Gain
Min Gain
Limits
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 9. Measured Gain
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
8.0
Frequency (GHz)
Figure 11. Measured Programmable Gain Range
NF (dB)
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
10
50
100
1000
8000
Max
Typical
Frequency (MHz)
Figure 10. Measured Noise Figure
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PXI RF Signal Conditioning
12.0
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
NF (dB)
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
10
50
100
Max
Typical
1000
8000
Frequency (MHz)
Figure 12. Measured Noise Figure
Channel 0/Channel 1 Cascaded Path Performance
60.0
55.0
50.0
45.0
Gain (dB)
40.0
35.0
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
0.0
2.0
CH 0 Main: CH 1 Max Gain
CH 0 Main: CH 1 Min Gain
4.0
Frequency (GHz)
6.0
8.0
Figure 13. Measured Cascaded Gain Response
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