Agilent 34420A
NanoVolt/Micro-Ohm Meter
Data Sheet
• 7
1/2
digits resolution
• 100pV, 100 nΩ sensitivity
• 1.3 nVrms, 8 nVpp noise
performance
• Built-in low noise 2 channel
scanner
• Direct SPRT, RTD, Thermistor, and
Thermocouple measurements
Two Input Channels
An integral two-channel programmable scan-
ner simplifies voltage comparisons. Built-in
ratio and difference functions enable
automated two channel measurements
without the need for an external nanoVolt
scanner. Both channels share the same
low noise specifications to ensure accurate
comparisons.
Unequaled Versatility
The 34420A gives you the versatility to
tackle your most challenging tasks, both
on the benchtop and in your automated
system. Standard features include RS-232
and GPIB interfaces, SCPI and Keithley
181 programming language, 1024-reading
memory, scaling and statistics, and a chart
recorder analog output.
Nanovolt Performance
at a Microvolt Price
The Agilent Technologies 34420A nano-
Volt/micro-Ohm meter is a
high-sensitivity multimeter optimized for
performing low-level measurements. It
combines low-noise voltage measurements
with resistance and temperature functions,
setting a new standard in low-level flexibil-
ity and performance.
Built-In Resistance and
Temperature
The 34420A combines its low-noise nano-
Volt input circuits with a high-stability
current source to provide precise low-level
resistance measurements – no more has-
sling with the cost and complexity of an
external current source. Three resistance
modes are included:
• Standard
• Low-power
• Voltage-limited for
dry-circuit testing
Offset compensation is also provided to
minimize thermal EMFs and associated
errors.
Agilent IntuiLink:Easy Data Access
The included Agilent IntuiLink
software allows your captured data
to be put to work easily, using PC applica-
tions such as Microsoft Excel® or Word®
to analyze, interpret, display, print, and doc-
ument the data you get from the 34420A.
You can specify the meter setup and take
a single reading or log data to the Excel
spreadsheet in specified time intervals. To
find out more about IntuiLink visit
www.agilent.com/find/intuilink
Take the Uncertainty Out of Your
Low-Level Measurements
Low-noise input amplifiers and a highly
tuned input protection scheme bring read-
ing noise down to 8 nVpp. Combine this
with 7
1
/
2
digits of resolution, selectable
analog and digital filtering, 2 ppm basic
24-hour dcV accuracy, and a shielded, cop-
per pin connector and you’ve got accurate,
repeatable measurements you can
count on.
Quality You Can Count On
The 34420A gives you the quality and
reliability you expect from Agilent
Technologies. From the product’s proven
>150,000 hour Mean Time Between Failure,
to its standard 1-year warranty, Agilent
stands behind you to bring a new level
of confidence to your low-level measure-
ments.
SPRT Measurements
Built-in ITS-90 conversion routines accept
the calibration coefficients from your
SPRT probe for direct temperature mea-
surement and conversion. Thermocouples,
thermistors, and RTDs are also supported.
Specifications
Accuracy Specifications ±(% of reading + % of range)
1
Function
Range
2
Test Current
24 Hour
23 °C ± 1 °C
90 Day
23 °C ± 5 °C
1 Year
23 °C ± 5 °C
Temperature
Coefficient
0 °C—18 °C
28 °C—55 °C
0.0004 + .0001
0.0004 + .0001
0.0004 + .00006
0.0004 + .00004
0.0001 + .00002
0.0004 + .00005
0.0005 + .00002
0.0005 + .00001
0.0005 + .00001
0.0005 + .00001
0.0005 + .00001
0.0005 + .00002
0.0006 + .00003
0.0005 + .00002
0.0005 + .00001
0.0005 + .00001
0.0005 + .00001
0.0005 + .00001
0.0005 + .00003
0.0006 + .00003
0.0005 + .00002
0.0005 + .00002
1Ω
1Ω
10 Ω
100 Ω
1 KΩ
1 KΩ
1 KΩ
1Ω
1Ω
10 Ω
100 Ω
1 KΩ
1 KΩ
1 KΩ
1Ω
5Ω
Maximum
per Lead
Resistance
dc Voltage
1.0000000 mV
3
10.000000 mV
3
100.00000 mV
1.0000000 V
10.000000 V
100.00000 V
4
1.0000000 Ω
10.000000 Ω
100.00000 Ω
1.0000000 KΩ
10.000000 KΩ
100.00000 KΩ
1.0000000 MΩ
1.0000000 Ω
10.000000 Ω
100.00000 Ω
1.0000000 KΩ
10.000000 KΩ
100.00000 KΩ
1.0000000 MΩ
10.000000 Ω
100.00000 Ω
10 mA
10 mA
10 mA
1 mA
100 µA
10 µA
5 µA
10 mA
10 mA
1 mA
100 µA
10 µA
5 µA
5 µA
1 mA
100 µA
0.0025 + .0020
0.0025 + .0002
0.0015 + .0003
0.0010 + .0003
0.0002 + .0001
0.0010 + .0004
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0003
0.0020 + .0003
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0002
0.0015 + .0004
0.0015 + .0012
0.0020 + .0003
0.0020 + .0002
0.0025 + .0002
0.0040 + .0020
0.0040 + .0002
0.0030 + .0004
0.0025 + .0004
0.0020 + .0004
0.0025 + .0005
0.0050 + .0002
0.0040 + .0002
0.0040 + .0002
0.0040 + .0002
0.0040 + .0002
0.0040 + .0004
0.0050 + .0004
0.0050 + .0002
0.0040 + .0002
0.0040 + .0002
0.0040 + .0002
0.0040 + .0004
0.0040 + .0015
0.0050 + .0004
0.0050 + .0002
0.0050 + .0002
0.0050 + .0020
0.0050 + .0003
0.0040 + .0004
0.0035 + .0004
0.0030 + .0004
0.0035 + .0005
0.0070 + .0002
0.0060 + .0002
0.0060 + .0002
0.0060 + .0002
0.0060 + .0002
0.0060 + .0004
0.0070 + .0004
0.0070 + .0002
0.0060 + .0002
0.0060 + .0002
0.0060 + .0002
0.0060 + .0004
0.0060 + .0015
0.0070 + .0004
0.0070 + .0002
0.0070 + .0002
Resistance
5
Low Power
Resistance
5
Voltage Limited
Resistance
5, 6
Channel 1 / Channel 2 (dcV Ratio)
Channel 1-Channel 2 (dcV Difference)
Ratio Error in % = Channel 1 accuracy in % + Channel 2 accuracy in %
Difference Error = Channel 1 (% of reading + % of range) + Channel 2 (% of reading + % of range)
Temperature
(resolution = 0.001 °C)
SPRT
7
RTD
Thermistor
Thermocouple
8
SPRT Probe Accuracy + 0.003°C
RTD Probe Accuracy + 0.05°C
Thermistor Probe Accuracy + 0.1°C
Thermocouple Probe Accuracy + 0.2°C
DC Voltage Noise
9
Observation Period
Range
2-Minute
RMS
Noise
1.3 nVrms
1.5 nVrms
10 nVrms
100 nVrms
450 nVrms
11 µVrms
2-Minute
Peak-Peak
Noise
8 nVpp
10 nVpp
65 nVpp
650 nVpp
3 µVpp
75 µVpp
24-Hour
Peak-Peak
Noise
12 nVpp
14 nVpp
80 nVpp
800 nVpp
3.7 µVpp
90 µVpp
1 mV
10 mV
100 mV
1V
10 V
100 V
DC Voltage Noise vs Source Resistance
10
Source
Resistance
0Ω
100 Ω
1k Ω
10k Ω
100k Ω
1M Ω
Noise
1.3 nVrms
1.7 nVrms
4 nVrms
13 nVrms
41 nVrms
90 nVrms
Analog
Filter
Off
Off
Off
Off
On
On
Digital
Filter
Med
Med
Med
Med
Med
Slow
1 Specifications are for Channel 1 or Channel 2, after 2-hour warm-up, resolution
at 7.5 digits (100 NPLC), with FILTERS off. RESISTANCE specifications are for
4-wire Ohms or 2-wire ohms using Null. Without Null, add 0.2 Ohms additional
error in 2-wire Ohms function. For Analog Filter ON, add 0.002% of reading.
2 20% overrange on all ranges except 5% on Voltage Limited Resistance.
3 After using Math Null. If Null is not used add 100 nanoVolts.
4 Channel 1 only.
5 Channel 1 only. Resistance measurements, for NPLC <1, add 160 µΩ rms
noise.
6 Voltage limit can be set to 20 mV (default), 100 mV, or 500 mV. Measured
resistance plus Channel 1 HI and LO lead resistance is limited to 10.5 Ω on the
10 Ω range and 105 Ω on the 100 Ω range.
7 For 25 Ω SPRT with triple-point of water check within the last 4 hours.
Without the triple-point of water check, add 0.013°C for 24 hours, add 0.035°C
for
90 day, and add 0.055°C for 1 year specifications.
8 For fixed reference junction. Add 0.3ûC for external reference junction, add
2.0ûC for internal reference junction.
9 After a 2-hour warm-up, ± 1ûC, 6.5 digits (10 PLC) with Analog Filter Off and
Digital Filter Medium (50 reading average).
2-minute rms and 24-hour noise typical. For measurements using 0.02 or 0.2
NPLC, add 800 nV rms noise.
10 Typical noise behavior for Ch 1 or Ch 2, after 2 hour warm-up, 6.5 digits (10
PLC), 2 minute observation period on 1 mV range. For peak-to-peak noise, mul-
tiply rms noise by 6.
2
Measurement Characteristics
DC Voltage
Measurement Method:
Continuously integrating multi-slope III
A-D Converter
A-D Linearity:
0.00008% of reading + 0.00005% of range
Input Resistance:
100V (Ch1 only): 10 MΩ +- 1%
1mV through 10V: > 10 GΩ, in parallel with < 3.6 nF
Input Bias Current: <50 pA at 25 °C
Injected Current: <50 nA pp at 50 or 60 Hz
Input Protection:
150 V peak any input terminal
to Channel 1 LO, continuous
Channel-to-channel switching error (typical):
3 nV
Channel Isolation:
Isolation between input channels >10
10
Ω
Earth Isolation:
350 V peak any input terminal to earth.
Impedance from any input terminal to earth
is >10 GΩ and <400 pF
Maximum Voltage:
Channel 1 LO to Channel 2 LO, 150V peak
Resistance
Measurement Method:
Selectable 4-wire or 2-wire ohms. Current
Source referenced to Channel 1 LO input
Offset Compensation:
Used on all ranges except 100 kΩ and 1 MΩ.
Can be turned off if desired
Protection: 150 V peak
Open Circuit Voltage:
For Resistance and Low Power Resistance
<14 V. 20 mV, 100 mV, 500 mV selectable clamp
Temperature
SPRT:
ITS-90 calibrated temperature with the range
of -190°C to +660°C
Thermocouple:
ITS-90 conversions of Type B, E, J, K, N, R, S, T
Thermistor: 5 kΩ
RTD: Type α =.00385 and α =.00392. R
0
from
4.9 Ω to 2.1 kΩ. ITS -90 (IEC-751) Callendar
Van Dusen conversion.
Measurement Noise Rejection 60 (50) Hz
1
dc CMRR: 140 dB
ac CMRR: 70 dB
Integration Time
200 plc/3.335 s (4 s)
100 plc/1.675 s (2 s)
20 plc/334 ms (400 ms)
10 plc/167 ms (200 ms)
2 plc/33.3 ms (40 ms)
1 plc/16.7 ms (20 ms)
<1 plc
Normal Mode
Rejection
2
110 dB
3
105 dB
3
100 dB
3
95 dB3
90 dB
60 dB
0
Operating Characteristics
4
Function
Digits
Integration Time
Readings/s
5
dcV
Thermocouple
7
1
/
2
7
1
/
2
6
1
/
2
6
1
/
2
5
1
/
2
5
1
/
2
4
1
/
2
7
1
/
2
7
1
/
2
6
1
/
2
6
1
/
2
5
1
/
2
50 (50)
41/2
125 (125)
200 plc
100 plc
20 plc
10 plc
1 plc
0.2 plc
0.02 plc
200 plc
100 plc
20 plc
10 plc
1 plc
.15 (.125)
.3 (.25)
1.5 (1.25)
3 (2.5)
25 (20.8)
100 (100)
250 (250)
.075 (.062)
.15 (.125)
.75 (.625)
1.5 (1.25)
12.5 (10.4)
Resistance
dcV1/DCV2
dcV 1-2
RTD
Thermistor
0.2 plc
0.02 plc
System Speeds
6
Configuration Rates: 26/s to 50/s
Autorange Rate (Volts): >30/s
ASCII reading to RS-232: 55/s
ASCII reading to GPIB: 250/s
Max. Internal Trigger Rate: 250/s
Max. Ext. Trig. Rate to Memory: 250/s
Triggering and Memory
Reading HOLD Sensitivity:
10%, 1%, 0.1%, or 0.01% of range
Samples/Trigger: 1 to 50,000
Trigger Delay: 0 to 3600 s; 10 µs step size
External Trigger Delay: <1 ms
External Trigger Jitter: <500 µs
Memory: 1024 readings
Math Functions
NULL (Channel 1 dcV, Channel 2 dcV,
Difference, Resistance, Temperature)
STATS (Min, Max, Average, Peak-Peak,
Standard Deviation, Number of readings)
SCALE (Allows linear scaling as y = mx+b)
CHART NULL (Establishes zero for rear panel
output)
Filter (Analog or Digital or Both)
Analog:
Low pass 2 pole @ 13Hz, available for dcV
on
1 mV, 10 mV, 100 mV range
Digital:
Moving average filter, 10 (fast), 50 (medium),
or 100 (slow) reading averages.
Chart Out (Analog Out)
Maximum output: ± 3V
Resolution: 16 bits
Accuracy: ± 0.1% of output + 1 mV
Output Resistance: 1 kΩ ± 5%
Update rate: once per reading
Span and Offset: Adjustable
Standard Programming Languages
SCPI (IEEE 488.2), Keithley 181
Accessories Included
4 ft low thermal cable with copper spade lugs,
Kelvin clip set, 4-wire shorting plug, user’s man-
ual, service manual, test report, contact cleaner,
and power cord.
General Specifications
Front Panel Connection:
Shielded, low thermal, 99% copper contacts.
Power Supply:
100V/120V/220V(230V)/240V +- 10%.
Power Line Frequency:
45 Hz to 66 Hz and 360 Hz to 440 Hz.
Automatically sensed at power-on.
Power Consumption:
25VA peak (10W average).
Operating Environment:
Full accuracy for 0 °C to 55 °C. Full accuracy
to 80% R.H. up to 30 °C.
Storage Environment:
-40 °C to 75 °C.
Size: 254.4 mm W x 374.0 mm L x 103.6 mm H
(10.02” W x 14.72” L x 4.08” H)
Weight: 3 kg (6.5 lbs).
Safety:
Designed to CSA, UL-1244, IEC-1010.
RFI and ESD: CISPR 11.
1 For 1 kΩ unbalanced in LO lead.
2 For power line frequency ± - 0.1%, Filters OFF. For
Digital Filter slow add 20 db, for medium or fast add
10 db for NPLC ³ 1.
3 For power line frequency ± - 1%, use 80 db,
for ± - 3% use 60 db.
4 Speeds are for delay 0, Display OFF, Filters OFF,
Offset Compensation OFF.
5 Reading speeds for 60 Hz or (50 Hz), 100 mV
through 100 V ranges. 1 mV range 30/s MAX, 10
mV range 170/s MAX, thermocouple 120/s MAX.
6 Speeds are for NPLC 0.02, Delay 0, Display OFF,
Chart Out OFF.
3
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Ordering Information
34420A
nanoVolt/micro-Ohm meter
Accessories
34102A
Low-thermal input cable (four-
conductor) with copper spade lugs
Includes low-thermal input cable (34102A),
34103A
Low-thermal shorting plug
low-thermal shorting plug (34103A), Kelvin
34104A
Low-thermal input connector
clip set (11062A), operating manual, service
34161A
Accessory pouch
manual, and quick reference guide, test
report with calibration sticker, 2.3 ml bottle
of contact cleaner, and power cord.
Options
34420A-1CM
Rack mount kit
(P/N 5062-3972)
34420A-ABA
English localization
34420A-ABD
German localization:
translated operating manual
34420A-ABF
French localization:
translated operating manual
34420A-ABJ
Japanese localization:
translated operating manual
34420A-A6J
ANSI Z540 compliant
calibration
Product specifications and descriptions
in this document subject to change
without notice.
© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2009
Printed in USA, July 8, 2009
5968-0161EN
Microchip MCU
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