Analog Frequency Multiplier
PL663-xx XO Families
DESCRIPTION
Analog Frequency Multipliers TM (AFMs) are the
industry’s first “Balanced Oscillator” utilizing analog
multiplication of the fundamental frequency (at
double or quadruple frequency), combined with an
attenuation of the fundamental of the reference
crystal, without using a phase-locked loop (PLL), in
CMOS technology.
Patent pending PL663-xx family of AFM products
can achieve up to 800 MHz differential LVPECL,
LVDS, or single-ended LVCMOS output with little
jitter or phase noise deterioration.
PL663-xx family of products utilizes a low-power
CMOS technology and is housed in GREEN/ RoHS
compliant 16-pin TSSOP and 3x3 QFN packages.
FEATURES
Non-PLL frequency multiplication
Input frequency from 30-200 MHz
Output frequency from 60-800 MHz
Low phase noise and jitter (equivalent to fundamental
at the output frequency)
Ultra-low jitter
o
RMS phase jitter < 0.25 ps (12 kHz to 20 MHz)
o
RMS period jitter < 2.5 ps typ.
Low phase noise
o
-145 dBc/Hz @ 100 kHz offset from 155.52 MHz
o
-150 dBc/Hz @ 10 MHz offset from 155.52 MHz
Low input frequency eliminates the need for expensive
crystals
Differential LVPECL/LVDS, or single-ended LVCMOS
output
Single 2.5V or 3.3V +/- 10% power supply
Optional industrial temperature range (-40C to
+85C)
Available in 16-pin GREEN/RoHS compliant TSSOP,
and 16-pin 3x3 QFN packages.
Figure 1: 2X AFM Phase Noise at 212.5 MHz (106.25 MHz 3
rd
overtone crystal)
Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1(408) 944-0800 • fax +1(408) 474-1000 •
www.micrel.com
Rev. 02/18/10 Page 1
Analog Frequency Multiplier
PL663-xx XO Families
L2X
OE
XIN
R
XOUT
Only required in x4 designs
L4X
Oscillator
Amplifier
Frequency
X2
Frequency
X4
QBAR
Q
Figure 2: Block Diagram of AFM XO
Figure 3 shows the period jitter histogram of the 2x Analog Frequency Multiplier at 212.5 MHz, while Figure 4
shows the very low levels of sub-harmonics that correspond to the exceptional performance (i.e. low jitter).
Figure 3: Period Jitter Histogram at 212.5MHz
Analog Frequency Multiplier (2x),
with 106.25 MHz crystal
OE LOGIC SELECTION
OUTPUT
OESEL
0 (Default)
LVPECL
1
0 (Default)
LVDS or LVCMOS
1
Figure 4: Spectrum Analysis at 212.5MHz
Analog Frequency Multiplier (2x),
with sub-harmonics below –69dBc
OE
0 (Default)
1
0
1 (Default)
0
1 (Default)
0 (Default)
1
Output State
Enabled
Tri-state
Tri-state
Enabled
Tri-state
Enabled
Enabled
Tri-state
OESEL and OE: Connect to V
DD
to set to “1”, connect to GND to set to “0”. [The ‘Default’ state is set by internal pull up/down resistor.]
Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1(408) 944-0800 • fax +1(408) 474-1000 •
www.micrel.com
Rev. 02/18/10 Page 2
Analog Frequency Multiplier
PL663-xx XO Families
PRODUCT SELECTOR GUIDE
FREQUENCY VERSUS PHASE NOISE PERFORMANCE
Part
Number
Input
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
30 - 80
30 - 80
75 - 140
75 - 140
75 - 140
140 - 160
100 - 160
Analog
Multiplication
Factor
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
Output
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
60 to 160
60 to 160
150 to 280
150 to 280
150 to 280
280 to 320
200 to 320
Phase Noise at Frequency Offset From Carrier (dBc/Hz)
Output
Type
Carrier
Freq.
(MHz)
156.25
156.25
212.5
212.5
212.5
311.04
311.04
10Hz
-75
-75
-70
-70
-70
-60
-60
100Hz
-105
-105
-100
-100
-100
-92
-92
1KHz
-130
-130
-130
-130
-130
-122
-122
10KHz
-140
-140
-140
-140
-140
-140
-140
100KHz
-145
-145
-145
-145
-145
-142
-142
1MHz
-150
-150
-148
-148
-148
-146
-146
10MHz
-150
-150
-148
-148
-148
-146
-148
PL663-07
PL663-08
PL663-17
PL663-18
PL663-19
PL663-28
PL663-29
LVCMOS
LVPECL
LVCMOS
LVPECL
LVDS
LVPECL
LVDS
FREQUENCY VERSUS JITTER, AND SUB-HARMONIC PERFORMANCE
Output
Freq.
(MHz)
RMS Period
Jitter
(ps)
Peak to Peak
Period Jitter
(ps)
RMS
Accumulated
(L.T.) Jitter (ps)
Phase Jitter
(12 KHz-20MHz)
(ps)
Spectral Specifications / Sub-harmonic Content
(dBc)
Frequency (MHz)
Carrier
Freq.
MHz
(Fc)
156.25
156.25
212.50
212.50
212.50
311.04
311.04
@
-75%
(Fc)
@
-50%
(Fc)
-70
-70
-70
-70
-70
-65
-65
@
-25%
(Fc)
@
+25%
(Fc)
@
+50%
(Fc)
-75
-75
-75
-75
-75
-70
-70
@
+75%
(Fc)
Part
Number
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
PL663-07
PL663-08
PL663-17
PL663-18
PL663-19
PL663-28
PL663-29
156.25
156.25
212.50
212.50
212.50
311.04
311.04
2
2
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
0.24
0.24
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.16
0.16
Note:
Wavecrest data 10,000 hits. No Filtering was used in Jitter Calculations .
Agilent E5500 was used for phase jitter measurements.
Spectral specifications were obtained using Agilent E7401A.
Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1(408) 944-0800 • fax +1(408) 474-1000 •
www.micrel.com
Rev. 02/18/10 Page 3
Analog Frequency Multiplier
PL663-xx XO Families
BOARD LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS AND CRYSTAL SPECIFICATIONS
BOARD LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS
To minimize parasitic effects and improve performance, do the following:
Place the crystal as close as possible to the IC.
Make the board traces that are connected to the crystal pins symmetrical. The board trace symmetry is
very important, as it reduces the negative parasitic effects to produce clean frequency multiplication with
low jitter.
CRYSTAL SPECIFICATIONS
Part Number
PL663-07
PL663-08
PL663-17
PL663-18
PL663-19
PL663-28
PL663-29
Crystal Resonator
Frequency (F
XIN
)
30 to 80MHz
Mode
Fundamental or
3rd overtone
Fundamental or
3rd overtone
Fundamental or
3rd overtone
CL (xtal)
Typical
5 pF
ESR(R
E)
Max.
30Ω
C0
Max.
4.5 pF
75 to 140MHz
5 pF
60Ω
4.0 pF
140 to 200MHz
5 pF
60Ω
4.0 pF
Note:
Non-specified parameters can be chosen as standard values from crystal suppliers.
CL ratings larger than 5pF require a crystal frequency adjustment.
Request detailed crystal specifications from Micrel.
Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1(408) 944-0800 • fax +1(408) 474-1000 •
www.micrel.com
Rev. 02/18/10 Page 4
Analog Frequency Multiplier
PL663-xx XO Families
EXTERNAL COMPONENT VALUES
INDUCTOR VALUE OPTIMIZATION
The required inductor value(s) for the best performance depends on the operating frequency, and the board
layout specifications. The listed values in this datasheet are based on the calculated parasitic values from
Micrel’s evaluation board design. These inductor values provide the user with a starting point to determine the
optimum inductor values. Additional fine -tuning may be required to determine the optimal solution.
To assist with the inductor value optimization, Micrel has developed the “AFM Tuning Assistant” software. You
can download this software from Micrel’s web site (www.micrel.com). The software consists of two worksheets.
The first worksheet (named L2) is used to fine -tune the ‘L2’ inductor value, and the second worksheet (named L4)
is used for fine tuning of the ‘L4’ (used in 4x AFMs only) inductor value.
For those designs using Micrel’s recommended board layout, you can use the “AFM Tuning Assistant” to
determine the optimum values for the required inductors. This software is developed based on the parasitic
information from Micrel’s board layout and can be used to determine the required inductor and parallel capacitor
(see LWB1 and Cstray parameters) values. For those employing a different board layout in their design, we
recommend to use the parasitic information of their board layout to calculate the optimized inductor values.
Please use the following fine tuning procedure:
Figure 5: Diagram Representation of the Related System Inductance and Capacitance
DIE SIDE
- Cinternal = Based on AFM Device
- Cpad = 2.0 pF, Bond pad and its ESD circuitry
- C11 = 0.4 pF, The following amplifier stage
PCB side
- LWB1 = 2 nH, (2 places), Stray inductance
- Cstray = 1.0 pF, Stray capacitance
- L2X = 2x inductor
- C2X = range (0.1 to 2.7), Fine tune inductor if used
Micrel Inc. • 2180 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel +1(408) 944-0800 • fax +1(408) 474-1000 •
www.micrel.com
Rev. 02/18/10 Page 5
FPGA/CPLD
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