TN100
High performance CSS transceiver enabling location awareness
Data Brief
Features
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High precision ranging: 2 m indoors and 1 m
outdoors
Supply voltage range from 2.3 V to 2.7 V
Current consumption: 27 mA (RX), 30 mA (TX)
@ 0 dBm
Standby current with active RTC: 2 µA
RSSI sensitivity: -95 dBm
32.768 kHz clock available for external µC
Integrated fast SPI interface (32 Mbps)
Integrated MAC controller with FEC, CRC
checking
CSMA/CA, FDMA, and TDMA modes
Automatic retransmission and
acknowledgement
Automatic address matching
Industrial temperature range from -40°C to
+85°C
QFN48 package
Single-chip solution for ISM 2.45 GHz RF
transceiver
Built-in ranging capability for link distance
estimation
Modulation technique: chirp spread spectrum
(CSS)
FDMA support: 7 channels, 3 non-overlapping
Data rates: 2, 1 Mbps; 500, 250, 125, 62.5,
31.25 kbps
Adjustable output power from -33 dBm to
0 dBm
Receiver sensitivity: -97 dBm @ 250 kbps,
FEC, and BER=10-3
In-band carrier-to-interference C/I = 0 to 3 dB
@ 250 kbps & C=-80 dBm
Supports external power amplifier to increase
output power
December 2006
Rev 1
1/8
www.st.com
8
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
Description
TN100
1
Description
The TN100 transceiver is a highly integrated mixed signal chip that uses the wireless
communication technology CSS (chirp spread spectrum) developed by Nanotron
Technologies.
With its unique ranging capability, TN100 can measure the link distance between two nodes.
Thus, TN100 supports location awareness applications including location based services
(LBS) and asset tracking (2D/3D RTLS). Ranging is performed during regular data
communication and does not require additional infrastructure, power, and/or bandwidth. For
an even better ranging accuracy, a high precision mode is provided. SDS-TWR algorithm
(symmetrical double-sided two-way ranging) allows superior accuracy even with the use of
low cost crystals for the oscillators.
The TN100 transceiver IC is designed to build up robust, short distance wireless networks
operating in the 2.45 GHz ISM band with extremely low power consumption over a wide
range of operating temperatures.
The TN100 supports 7-frequency channels with 3 non-overlapping channels. This provides
support for multiple physically independent networks and improved coexistence
performance with existing 2.4 GHz wireless technologies. Data rates are selectable between
31.25 kbps and 2 Mbps. Due to the chip's unique chirp pulse, adjustment of the antenna is
not critical. This significantly simplifies the system's installation and maintenance ("pick-and-
place").
The TN100 transceiver includes a sophisticated MAC controller with CSMA/CA and TDMA
support as well as forward error correction (FEC) and 128-bit hardware encryption. It also
provides scrambling, automatic address matching, and packet retransmission, thus
minimizing the requirements for microcontroller and software.
Through its high-speed standard SPI interface, the TN100 can be interfaced with a wide
range of external micro-controllers. It includes a 4 kbits frame buffer which allows even very
slow microcontrollers to work with the transceiver. This means that several receive and
transmit frames can be stored simultaneously in the buffers. This solution eliminates the
problems of different peak data rates between air and microcontroller interfaces.
Target applications for the TN100 include:
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Asset tracking
Enabling 2D/3D real-time location systems
Security
Industrial monitoring and control
Medical applications
2/8
TN100
Pin assignment
2
Pin assignment
This section provides a brief overview of the location and function of each pin.
Figure 1.
QFN48 package top view
Table 1.
Pin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Pin descriptions
Signal
TestCom
VSSA
VSSA
VDDA
Xtal32kP
Xtal32kN
VSSD
Xtal32MP
Xtal32MN
Direction
LF signal
Supply
Supply
Supply
Analog IO
Analog IO
Supply
Analog IO
Analog IO
Description
Test pin for analogue signals
Power supply for analog parts
Power supply for analog parts
Power supply for analog parts
Crystal 32768 Hz, input from external 32768
Hz frequency reference
Crystal 32768 Hz
Power supply for digital parts
Crystal 32.0 MHz, input from external 32 MHz
frequency reference
Crystal 32.0 MHz
3/8
Pin assignment
Table 1.
Pin
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
TN100
Pin descriptions (continued)
Signal
VSSD
POnReset
μCVCC
SpiClk
SpiSSn
SpiTxD
SpiTxD
VDDD
D0
D1
D2
D3
VDDD
μCIRQ
VSSD
VDDD
VSSD
Tx/Rx
VDDD
VSSD
Test
RRef
VDDA
TestRxP
TestRxN
VSSA
VDDA
VDDA
VSSA
RxN
RxP
VSSA
VSSA
Direction
Supply
Digital input
Supply
Digital input
Digital input
Digital output
Digital Input
Supply
Digital IO
Digital IO
Digital IO
Digital IO
Supply
Digital output
Supply
Supply
Supply
Digital output
Supply
Supply
Digital IO
Analog IO
Supply
LF Signal
LF Signal
Supply
Supply
Supply
Supply
RF input
RF input
Supply
Supply
Description
Power supply for digital parts
Power on reset line
Switchable power supply for external
microcontroller
SPI clock
SPI slave selected
SPI transmit data (MISO)
SPI receive data (MOSI)
Power supply for digital parts
Digital input or output line 0
Digital input or output line 1
Digital input or output line 2
Digital input or output line 3
Power supply for digital parts
Interrupt request to external microprocessor
Power supply for digital parts
Power supply for digital parts
Power supply for digital parts
Output signal to distinguish between transmit
and receive
Power supply for digital parts
Power supply for digital parts
Pin for digital tests
Pin for external reference resistor
Power supply for analog parts
Test pin for RX signals
Test pin for RX signals inverted
Power supply for analog parts
Power supply for analog parts
Power supply for analog parts
Power supply for analog parts
Differential receiver input (inverted)
Differential receiver input
Power supply for analog parts
Power supply for analog parts
4/8
TN100
Table 1.
Pin
43
44
45
Pin assignment
Pin descriptions (continued)
Signal
TxN
TxP
VSSA
Direction
RF output
RF output
Supply
Description
Differential transmitter output (inverted)
Differential transmitter output
Power supply for analog parts
Power supply for external balun (DC for
TxP/TxN; needs to be blocked with an
external capacitor in the 27pF to 47pF range
close to balun)
Power supply for analog parts
Power supply for analog parts
46
VBalun
Supply
47
48
VDDA
VDDA
Supply
Supply
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