100 MS/s, 16-Bit Arbitrary Waveform Generator
NI 5421
• 1 analog output channel
• 16-bit resolution, 100 MS/s
sampling rate
• 400 MS/s maximum effective
sampling rate with interpolation
• 43 MHz analog bandwidth
• 12 V
p-p
into 50
Ω
load
• 91 dBc close-in SFDR at 10 MHz
• -67 dBc THD at 10 MHz
• -148 dBm/Hz average noise density
• 8, 32, or 256 MB of onboard memory
• Optional 16-bit LVDS digital
pattern output
NEW
Operating Systems
• Windows 2000/NT/XP
Recommended Software
• LabVIEW
™
• LabWindows
™
/CVI
™
• Measurement Studio
™
• Analog Waveform Editor
• Digital Waveform Editor
Other Compatible Software
• Visual Basic
• Visual C/C++
Application Software
• Analog Waveform Editor
(32 and 256 MB models only)
Driver Software (included)
• NI-FGEN
Calibration Certificate Included
Overview
The NI 5421 is a 100 MS/s arbitrary waveform generator (AWG)
featuring 16-bit resolution and up to 256 MB of onboard memory in a
compact, 1 slot 3U PXI module or PCI board. With this combination of
high resolution and deep memory, you can generate long, precise
aperiodic waveforms, ideal for a range of applications in
communications, consumer electronics, scientific research, automotive,
and military/aerospace. Because the NI 5421 uses the PCI bus, waveforms
can be downloaded up to 280 times faster than with GPIB-based AWGs.
With the NI Synchronization and Memory Core (SMC) architecture of
the NI 5421, you can create stimulus/response systems with digitizers and
digital waveform generator/analyzers or synchronize multiple arbitrary
waveform generators to form a phase-coherent multichannel system.
Analog Output Performance
Because of its 100 MS/s, 16-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and
clean back-end analog design, the NI 5421 has a close-in spurious-
free dynamic range (SFDR) of 91 dBc and an average noise density of
-148 dBm/Hz. These features make it ideal for even the most stringent
frequency-domain applications common in communications.
Depending on your signal and application needs, you can select from
2x, 4x, or 8x interpolation for an effective sampling rate up to
400 MS/s. For demanding time-domain applications, the NI 5421 has
<5% pulse aberration and <1.0 ps
rms
jitter at the analog output.
The analog output path features a 43 MHz 7-pole elliptical analog
filter to suppress undesired high-frequency signal images. You can
also choose from 50 or 75
Ω
output impedance and vary the output
attenuation with three digits of accuracy. In addition, you can bypass
the output gain and attenuation by using the direct path. The direct
path excels at intermediate frequency (IF) applications with
passband flatness of ±0.25 dB from 0 to 40 MHz.
Figure 1. Power Spectrum of a 10 MHz Sine Wave Output from the PXI-5421
Shared Waveform and Instruction Memory
Because the NI 5421 is built on the SMC architecture, it uses the same
physical memory for both waveform data and sequencing
instructions. Traditionally, the instruction memory of AWGs is
physically separate from the waveform data memory and is typically
only a few kB. The limited instruction memory of traditional AWGs
severely limits the maximum number of waveforms that can be
sequenced as well as the overall flexibility of the AWG. The NI 5421
onboard memory of 8, 32, or 256 MB stores data and instructions
together, giving you the flexibility to use as much space as you need
for sequencing instructions. With shared memory, you can use the
memory space for very long sequences with small waveforms, short
sequences with very large waveforms, or a balance in between.
100 MS/s, 16-Bit Arbitrary Waveform Generator
Triggering and Sequencing
The NI 5421 has four triggering modes for controlling the starting and
stopping of waveform generation – single, continuous, stepped, and
burst. With these triggering modes combined with the linking and
looping flexibility of the NI 5421, you can create sophisticated
waveforms. With the 256 MB memory configuration, more than
1 million waveforms can be stored in memory and linked in any order.
Each waveform segment can be looped up to 16,777,216 times or
looped indefinitely. Triggers can be received from software as well as the
front panel connectors, PXI trigger lines, PXI star trigger, or RTSI bus.
Software
Every National Instruments signal generator comes with the
IVI-compliant NI-FGEN driver, which is fully compatible with
NI LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, and Measurement Studio, as well as
Microsoft Visual C++ and Visual Basic. NI-FGEN also includes the
interactive FGEN Soft Front Panel, with which you can quickly generate
standard signals such as sine, square, and ramp, as well as user-defined
waveforms. Simulation mode is available in both the FGEN Soft Front
Panel and the NI-FGEN instrument driver, so you can develop your
application without having the hardware in your system. In this
mode, several developers can write applications for the same
hardware and share resources.
With the Analog Waveform Editor you can rapidly create or edit
analog test signals for use with the NI 5421. To view or edit existing
waveforms, you can open files saved in binary, ASCII, or the
LabVIEW Express .lvm file format. Alternatively, you can create your
waveform from scratch by selecting from a list of over 20 waveform
primitives, such as sine and Gaussian noise, or enter a mathematical
expression. The Analog Waveform Editor is included with the 32 and
256 MB models of the NI 5421, and is a separate add-on for use with
the 8 MB model.
LVDS Digital Pattern Output
In addition to generating analog signals, the 32 and 256 MB
configurations of the NI 5421 can generate low-voltage differential
signal (LVDS) digital patterns. LVDS is increasingly used for digital
signaling because of its reduced power consumption, lower
electromagnetic interference, and immunity to noise. The digital
patterns generated on the digital data and control (DDC) front panel
connector correspond to the analog waveform being generated and
make use of all of the linking, looping, triggering, and timing features.
The sample clock is also available on the DDC I/O connector to latch
the digital patterns. Alternatively, you can externally clock the NI 5421
via the DDC front panel connector. The NI Digital Waveform Editor
is available as an add-on software package to provide you with further
functionality in creating LVDS digital patterns.
Timing and Synchronization
The NI 5421 sample clock has three modes – Divide-by-N, High-
Resolution, and External. Using the Divide-by-N sample clock, the
jitter of the analog output is <1.0 ps rms and the phase noise is
-137 dBc/Hz (10 MHz carrier, 10 kHz offset). The direct digital
synthesis (DDS) based high-resolution sample clock has a sample rate
resolution of 1.06 µHz, which offers you exceptional stability and
sampling rate flexibility. The NI 5421 can also import its sample clock
from the CLK IN and DDC connectors, PXI star trigger, and PXI
trigger bus or RTSI bus. In addition, you can phase lock the NI 5421
oscillator to an external reference or the PXI 10 MHz reference clock.
With synchronization, you can create mixed-signal test systems by
combining the NI 5421 with other modular instruments such as the NI
5122 digitizer and/or the NI 655x digital waveform generator/analyzer.
You can also synchronize two or more NI 5421 modules to build a
multichannel phase coherent AWG, important for applications such as
I and Q signal generation or antilock brake system simulation.
To trigger other instruments such as oscilloscopes, the NI 5421 can
generate marker event outputs. A marker event can be placed in a
different location in each waveform segment.
Ordering Information
NI PXI-5421
8 MB ..........................................................................778697-01
32 MB, LVDS output ................................................778697-02
256 MB, LVDS output ..............................................778697-03
NI PCI-5421
8 MB ..........................................................................778692-01
32 MB, LVDS output ................................................778692-02
256 MB, LVDS output ..............................................778692-03
Includes NI 5421 module, SMB112 cable, NI-FGEN, and FGEN Soft Front Panel.
The 32 and 256 MB models also include the Analog Waveform Editor.
Software
NI Analog Waveform Editor ........................................778848-01
LVDS Cable
SHC68-68-D3................................................................188143-01
Accessories
Recommended PXI switch
NI PXI-2593 ............................................................778793-01
Related Products
Calibration
Every NI 5421 is factory calibrated using NIST-traceable standards. The
NI 5421 has an onboard calibration reference that corrects for
environmental effects on DC gain, offset, and timing errors. If you want
to calibrate your device externally, return your NI 5421 to National
Instruments or ship it to a qualified metrology lab for recalibration.
NI 5122 High-Speed Digitizer
NI 655x Digital Waveform Generator/Analyzers
NI SCXI-1193 Multiplexer Switch
BUY ONLINE!
Visit
ni.com/products
and enter pxi5421 or pci5421.
2
National Instruments • Tel: (800) 433-3488 • Fax: (512) 683-9300 • info@ni.com • ni.com
100 MS/s, 16-Bit Arbitrary Waveform Generator
Specifications
Specifications are valid for 0 to 55 °C, unless otherwise noted.
Onboard Clock (Internal VCXO)
Sample clock source ........................................ Phase locked to reference clock or derived from onboard
VCXO frequency reference.
Frequency accuracy .......................................... ±25 ppm
PLL reference clock sources............................. PXI_CLK10, CLK IN, RTSI_7
General
Number of channels.........................................
DAC resolution .................................................
Maximum sampling rate ..................................
Maximum effective sampling rate
with Interpolation.............................................
Bandwidth ........................................................
Output paths.....................................................
1
16 bits
100 MS/s
400 MS/s
43 MHz
1. Main Output Path setting with driver selected Low
Gain Amplifier or the High Gain Amplifier
2. Direct Path optimized for IF applications
Digital Data and Control, DDC (optional front panel connector)
Data output signals.......................................... 16 LVDS data lines (ANSI/TIA/EIA-644 compliant)
Start Trigger
Sources ............................................................ PFI <0:3>, PXI_TRIG<0:7>, RTSI <0:7>
PXI Star Trigger, Software, Immediate
Modes............................................................... Single, Continuous, Stepped, Burst
Analog Output
Amplitude range (full scale)
Main output path .............................................
Direct path........................................................
Offset range .....................................................
Output impedance ............................................
DC Accuracy
0 to 55 ˚C ...................................................
Within ±10 ˚C of
self-calibration temperature .....................
AC amplitude accuracy ....................................
Output filters ....................................................
12 V
pp
to 5.64 mV
pp
(50
Ω
load)
1 V
pp
to 0.707 V
pp
(50
Ω
load)
±25% of Amplitude Range
50 or 75
Ω,
software selectable
±0.4% of amplitude, ±0.05% of offset ±1 mV
Markers
Destinations ..................................................... PFI <0:1>, PFI <4:5>, PXI_TRIG <0:7>, RTSI <0:7>
Quantity ............................................................ 1 Marker per Segment
Waveform and Instruction Memory Utilization
Onboard Memory Size
8 MB Standard
8,388,608 bytes
32 MB Option
33,554,432 bytes
256 MB Option
268,435,456 bytes
±0.2% of amplitude, ±0.05% of offset ±500
ΩV
± 1.0% of Amplitude ± 1 mV at 50 kHz
2. Software selectable seven-pole elliptical analog filter
and finite impulse response (FIR) digital interpolating filter
Passband flatness ............................................ ± 0.25 dB (100 Hz to 40 MHz) for Direct Path
Output modes ................................................... Arbitrary waveform; Arbitrary sequence
Loop count ........................................................ 1 to 16,777,215. Burst trigger: unlimited
Memory Limits
Arbitrary waveform
Mode maximum
Waveform memory
Arbitrary sequence
Mode maximum
Waveform memory
Arbitrary sequence
Mode maximum
Waveforms
Arbitrary sequence
Mode maximum
Segments in a sequence
8 MB
4,194,176
Samples
4,194,120
Samples
65,000
32 MB
16,777,088
Samples
16,777,008
Samples
262,000
256 MB
134,217,600
Samples
134,217,520
Samples
2,097,000
Comment
Refer to detailed
specifications for all
trigger modes.
Condition: One or
two segments
in a sequence
Condition: One or
two segments
in a sequence
Condition: Waveform
memory is
<4,000 samples.
Normalized Passband Flatness, Direct Path
104,000
418,000
3,354,000
Power
+3.3 VDC
1.9 A
+5 VDC
2.0 A
+12 VDC
0.46 A
-12 VDC
0.01 A
Total Power
21.9 W
Physical
Front panel connectors
CH0 ............................................................
CLK IN ........................................................
PFI 0 ...........................................................
PFI 1 ...........................................................
Digital data and control ...................................
SMB (Jack)
SMB (Jack)
SMB (Jack)
SMB (Jack)
68-pin VHDCI Female Receptacle
Rise/fall time.................................................... < 8 ns for Main Output Low Gain Path
Spectral Characteristics
Signal to Noise
and Distortion (SINAD)
Spurious Free Dynamic
Range w/ Harmonics
Spurious Free Dynamic
Range w/o Harmonics
Total Harmonic
Distortion (THD)
Frequency
1 MHz
10 MHz
1 MHz
10 MHz
1 MHz
10 MHz
20 kHz
1 MHz
Direct Path
Low Gain Path
Comments
64 dB
66 dB
Amplitude -1 dBFS
61 dB
60 dB
Measured from DC to
76 dBc
71 dBc
50 MHz
68 dBc
64 dBc
88 dBFS
91 dBFS
87 dBFS
-89 dBFS
-77 dBc (0.014%) -77 dBc (0.014%) Amplitude -1 dBFS
-75 dBc
-70 dBc
2nd through 6th
harmonics
Environment
Operating temperature (PXI) ............................
Operating temperature (PCI) ............................
Storage temperature ........................................
Relative humidity .............................................
0 to +55 °C (Meets IEC-60068-2-1 and IEC-60068-2-2)
0 to +45 °C
-25 to +85 °C (Meets IEC-60068-2-1 and IEC-60068-2-2)
10 to 90%, noncondensing (Meets IEC 60068-2-56)
Calibration
Self-calibration................................................. Correction for DC gain offset, and timing errors
External calibration interval............................. 2 years
Average Noise Density
Amplitude Range
Path
V
p-p
dBm
Low gain
0.1
-16.0
High gain
12
25.6
Average Noise Density
nV/√Hz
dBm/Hz dBfs/Hz
9
-148
-132.0
213
-120
-145.6
Certifications and Compliances
CE Mark compliance
Note
Unless otherwise noted, the following conditions were used for each specification:
A. Analog filter enabled
B. Interpolation set to maximum allowed factor for a given sample rate
C. Signals terminated with 50Ω
D. Direct path set to 1 Vpk-pk, Low Gain Amplifier Path set to 2 Vpk-pk,
and High Gain Amplifier Path set to 12 Vpk-pk
E. Sample clock set to 100 MS/s
For detailed specifications on power, environmental, safety, and physical dimensions, please visit
ni.com/products
and enter express code:
pxi5421
or
pci5421
Sample Clock
Sources ............................................................ Internal Divide-by-N, Internal High-Resolution, External CLK
IN, External DDC Clk In, PXI star Trigger, PXI_TRIG <0:7>,
RTSI <0:7>
Frequency resolution
Divide-by-N................................................ (100 MS/s) / N where 1
≤
N
≤
4,194,304
High Resolution ......................................... 1.06 µHz
System Phase
Noise Density
-137 dBc/Hz (10 kHz offset)
-137 dBc/Hz (10 kHz offset)
-126 dBc/Hz (10 kHz offset)
System Output
Jitter
< 1.0 ps rms
< 2.0 ps rms
< 4.0 ps rms
Comment
10 MHz carrier
Divide-by-N (PXI)
Divide-by-N (PCI)
High Resolution
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