LTC4060
Standalone Linear NiMH/NiCd
Fast Battery Charger
FEATURES
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DESCRIPTIO
Complete Fast Charger Controller for Single,
2-, 3- or 4-Series Cell NiMH/NiCd Batteries
No Firmware or Microcontroller Required
Termination by –∆V, Maximum Voltage or
Maximum Time
No Sense Resistor or Blocking Diode Required
Automatic Recharge Keeps Batteries Charged
Programmable Fast Charge Current: 0.4A to 2A
Accurate Charge Current:
±5%
at 2A
Fast Charge Current Programmable Beyond 2A with
External Sense Resistor
Automatic Detection of Battery
Precharge for Heavily Discharged Batteries
Optional Temperature Qualified Charging
Charge and AC Present Status Outputs Can Drive LED
Automatic Sleep Mode with Input Supply Removal
Negligible Battery Drain in Sleep Mode: <1µA
Manual Shutdown
Input Supply Range: 4.5V to 10V
Available in 16-Lead DFN and TSSOP Packages
The LTC
®
4060 is a complete fast charging system for NiMH
or NiCd batteries. Just a few external components are
needed to design a standalone linear charging system.
An external PNP transistor provides charge current that is
user programmable with a resistor. A small external capaci-
tor sets the maximum charge time. No external current
sense resistor is needed, and no blocking diode is required.
The IC automatically senses the DC input supply and bat-
tery insertion or removal. Heavily discharged batteries are
initially charged at a C/5 rate before a fast charge is applied.
Fast charge is terminated using the –∆V detection method.
Backup termination consists of a programmable timer and
battery overvoltage detector. An optional external NTC ther-
mistor can be used for temperature-based qualification of
charging. An optional programmable recharge feature au-
tomatically recharges batteries after discharge.
Manual shutdown is accomplished with the SHDN pin, while
removing input power automatically puts the LTC4060 into
sleep mode. During shutdown or sleep mode, battery drain
is <1µA.
The LTC4060 is available in both low profile (0.75mm) 16-
pin 5mm
×
3mm DFN and 16-lead TSSOP packages. Both
feature exposed metal die mount pads for optimum ther-
mal performance.
, LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
APPLICATIO S
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Portable Computers, Cellular Phones and PDAs
Medical Equipment
Charging Docks and Cradles
Portable Consumer Electronics
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
2-Cell, 2A Standalone NiMH Fast Charger with
Optional Thermistor and Charge Indicator
V
IN
= 5V
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V)
2-Cell NiMH Charging Profile
3.40
–∆V
TERMINATION
3.30
330Ω
“CHARGE”
SHDN
CHRG
V
CC
ACP
SENSE
NTC
698Ω
DRIVE
NTC
LTC4060
BAT
PROG
ARCT
SEL0
SEL1
TIMER
CHEM
PAUSE
GND
1.5nF
4060 TA01
+
3.20
NiMH
BATTERY
3.10
0
10
50
20
30
40
CHARGE TIME (MINUTES)
60
U
4060 TA01b
U
U
4060f
1
LTC4060
ABSOLUTE
MAXIMUM
RATINGS
(Note 1)
V
CC
to GND ............................................... –0.3V to 11V
Input Voltage
SHDN, NTC, SEL0, SEL1, PROG, ARCT,
BAT, CHEM, TIMER, PAUSE ...... –0.3V to V
CC
+ 0.3V
Output Voltage
CHRG, ACP, DRIVE ................... –0.3V to V
CC
+ 0.3V
Output Current (SENSE) ...................................... –2.2A
Short-Circuit Duration (DRIVE) ...................... Indefinite
PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION
TOP VIEW
DRIVE
BAT
SENSE
TIMER
SHDN
PAUSE
PROG
ARCT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
16 GND
15 CHRG
14 V
CC
13 ACP
12 CHEM
11 NTC
10 SEL1
9
SEL0
ORDER PART
NUMBER
LTC4060EDHC
DHC PART
MARKING
4060
DHC16 PACKAGE
16-LEAD (5mm
×
3mm) PLASTIC DFN
T
JMAX
= 125°C,
θ
JA
= 37°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 17) IS GND
MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB TO OBTAIN
θ
JA
= 37°C/W OTHERWISE
θ
JA
= 140°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMBOL PARAMETER
V
CC
Supply
V
CC
I
CC
I
SD
I
BSD
I
BSL
V
UVI1
V
UVD1
Operating Voltage Range (Note 4)
V
CC
Supply Current (Note 9)
V
CC
Supply Shutdown Current
The
●
indicates specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. V
CC
= 5V, V
BAT
= 2.8V, GND = 0V unless otherwise specified. All
currents into the device pins are positive and all currents out of the device pins are negative. All voltages are referenced to GND
unless otherwise specified.
CONDITIONS
●
I
PROG
= 2mA (R
PROG
= 698Ω),
PAUSE = V
CC
SHDN = 0V
–1
–1
●
●
Battery Pin Leakage Current in Shutdown (Note 5) V
BAT
= 2.8V, SHDN = 0V
Battery Pin Leakage Current in Sleep (Note 6)
V
CC
= 0V, V
BAT
= 5.6V
Undervoltage Lockout Exit Threshold
Undervoltage Lockout Entry Threshold
SEL0 = 0, SEL1 = 0 and SEL0 = V
CC
,
SEL1 = 0, V
CC
Increasing
SEL0 = 0, SEL1 = 0 and SEL0 = V
CC
,
SEL1 = 0, V
CC
Decreasing
2
U
U
W
W W
U
W
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
(Note 2) ............................................. – 40°C to 85°C
Operating Junction Temperature (Note 3) ........... 125°C
Storage Temperature Range
TSSOP Package ............................... – 65°C to 150°C
DFN Package .................................... –65°C to 125°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)
TSSOP Package ................................................ 300°C
TOP VIEW
DRIVE
BAT
SENSE
TIMER
SHDN
PAUSE
PROG
ARCT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
16 GND
15 CHRG
14 V
CC
13 ACP
12 CHEM
11 NTC
10 SEL1
9
SEL0
ORDER PART
NUMBER
LTC4060EFE
FE PART
MARKING
4060EFE
FE PACKAGE
16-LEAD PLASTIC TSSOP
T
JMAX
= 125°C,
θ
JA
= 37°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 17) IS GND
MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB TO OBTAIN
θ
JA
= 37°C/W OTHERWISE
θ
JA
= 135°C
MIN
4.50
TYP
MAX
10
UNITS
V
mA
µA
µA
µA
V
V
4060f
2.9
250
0
0
4.36
4.26
4.3
325
1
1
4.47
4.37
4.25
4.15
LTC4060
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMBOL PARAMETER
V
UVI2
V
UVD2
V
UVI3
V
UVD3
V
UVH
I
FCH
I
FCL
I
PCH
I
PCL
I
BRD
V
BR
V
BRH
V
BOV
V
BOVH
V
FCQ
V
FCQH
V
IDT
V
IDTH
V
MDV
V
PROG
V
ART
V
ARDT
V
ARH
V
ARDEF
V
ARDIS
I
ARL
V
CLD
V
CLDH
V
HTI
Undervoltage Lockout Exit Threshold
Undervoltage Lockout Entry Threshold
Undervoltage Lockout Exit Threshold
Undervoltage Lockout Entry Threshold
Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis
High Fast Charge Current (Notes 7, 10)
Low Fast Charge Current (Note 7)
High Precharge Current (Note 7)
Low Precharge Current (Note 7)
Battery Removal Detection Bias Current
Battery Removal Threshold Voltage (Note 8)
Battery Removal Threshold Hysteresis Voltage
(Note 8)
Battery Overvoltage Threshold (Note 8)
Fast Charge Qualification Threshold Voltage
(Note 8)
Fast Charge Qualification Threshold Hysteresis
Voltage (Note 8)
Initial Delay Hold-Off Threshold Voltage (Note 8)
The
●
indicates specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. V
CC
= 5V, V
BAT
= 2.8V, GND = 0V unless otherwise specified. All
currents into the device pins are positive and all currents out of the device pins are negative. All voltages are referenced to GND
unless otherwise specified.
CONDITIONS
SEL0 = 0, SEL1 = V
CC
, V
CC
Increasing
SEL0 = 0, SEL1 = V
CC
, V
CC
Decreasing
SEL0 = V
CC
, SEL1 = V
CC
, V
CC
Increasing
For All SEL0, SEL1 Options
R
PROG
= 698Ω, 5V < V
CC
< 10V
R
PROG
= 3480Ω, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
R
PROG
= 698Ω, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
R
PROG
= 3480Ω, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
4.5V < V
CC
< 10V, V
BAT
= V
CC
– 0.4V
V
CELL
Increasing, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
V
CELL
Decreasing
V
CELL
Increasing, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
V
CELL
Increasing, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
V
CELL
Decreasing
V
CELL
Increasing, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
1.24
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
MIN
6.67
6.57
8.28
8.18
TYP
6.81
6.71
8.47
8.37
100
MAX
6.95
6.85
8.65
8.55
UNITS
V
V
V
V
mV
SEL0 = V
CC
, SEL1 = V
CC
, V
CC
Decreasing
●
Charging Performance
1.9
0.35
320
40
–450
1.95
2
0.4
400
80
–300
2.05
50
1.85
840
1.95
50
900
50
1.3
50
●
●
●
●
●
2.1
0.45
480
120
–160
2.15
A
A
mA
mA
µA
V
mV
2.05
960
V
mV
mV
mV
Battery Overvoltage Threshold Hysteresis (Note 8) V
CELL
Decreasing
1.36
V
mV
Initial Delay Hold-Off Threshold Hysteresis Voltage V
CELL
Decreasing
(Note 8)
–∆V Termination (Note 8)
Program Pin Voltage
Automatic Recharge Programmed Threshold
Voltage Accuracy (Note 8)
Automatic Recharge Default Threshold Voltage
Accuracy (Note 8)
CHEM = V
CC
(NiCd)
CHEM = 0V (NiMH)
4.5V < V
CC
< 10V, R
PROG
= 635Ω
and 3480Ω
V
CELL
Decreasing, V
ARCT
= 1.1V,
4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
V
CELL
Decreasing, V
ARCT
= V
CC
,
4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
11
5
1.45
1.065
1.235
16
8
1.5
1.1
1.3
50
21
14
1.54
1.135
1.365
mV
mV
V
V
V
mV
Automatic Recharge Threshold Voltage Hysteresis V
CELL
Increasing
(Note 8)
Automatic Recharge Pin Default Enable Threshold
Voltage
Automatic Recharge Pin Disable Threshold
Voltage
Automatic Recharge Pin Pull-Down Current
NTC Pin Cold Threshold Voltage
NTC Pin Cold Threshold Hysteresis Voltage
NTC Pin Hot Charge Initiation Threshold Voltage
V
ARCT
= 1.3V
V
NTC
Decreasing, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
V
NTC
Increasing
V
NTC
Decreasing, 4.5V < V
CC
< 10V
●
●
●
V
CC
– 0.8
250
0.15
0.83 •
V
CC
0.47 •
V
CC
0.86 •
V
CC
150
0.5 •
V
CC
V
CC
– 0.2
650
1.5
0.89 •
V
CC
0.53 •
V
CC
V
mV
µA
V
mV
V
4060f
3
LTC4060
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMBOL PARAMETER
V
HTIH
V
HTC
V
HTCH
V
NDIS
I
NL
t
ACC
NTC Pin Hot Charge Initiation Hysteresis Voltage
NTC Pin Hot Charge Cutoff Threshold Voltage
NTC Pin Hot Charge Cutoff Hysteresis Voltage
NTC Pin Disable Threshold Voltage
NTC Pin Pull-Down Current
Timer Accuracy
The
●
indicates specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at T
A
= 25°C. V
CC
= 5V, V
BAT
= 2.8V, GND = 0V unless otherwise specified. All
currents into the device pins are positive and all currents out of the device pins are negative. All voltages are referenced to GND
unless otherwise specified.
CONDITIONS
V
NTC
Increasing
V
NTC
Decreasing, 4.5V
≤
V
CC
≤
10V
V
NTC
Increasing
25
V
NTC
= 2.5V
R
PROG
= 698Ω, C
TIMER
= 1.2nF and
R
PROG
= 3480Ω, C
TIMER
= 470pF
V
DRIVE
= 4V
V
DRIVE
= 4V, Not Charging
I
ACP
= I
CHRG
= 10mA
Outputs Inactive, V
CHRG
= V
ACP
= V
CC
V
CC
= 10V
–2
350
50
V
CC
= 10V, V
IN
= V
CC
V
IN
= GND
0.4
–2
2
–0.4
●
●
●
MIN
0.37 •
V
CC
TYP
100
0.4 •
V
CC
100
MAX
0.43 •
V
CC
250
1.5
UNITS
mV
V
mV
mV
µA
%
0.15
–15
0
15
Output Drivers
I
DRV
R
DRV
V
OL
I
OH
V
IT
V
ITH
I
IPD
I
IPU
Drive Pin Sink Current
Drive Pin Resistance to V
CC
ACP, CHRG Output Pins Low Voltage
ACP, CHRG Output Pins High Leakage Current
SHDN, SEL0, SEL1, CHEM, PAUSE Pins Digital
Input Threshold Voltage
SHDN, SEL0, SEL1, CHEM, PAUSE Pins Digital
Input Hysteresis Voltage
SHDN, SEL0, SEL1, CHEM Pins Digital Input
Pull-Down Current
PAUSE Pin Digital Input Pull-Up Current
40
70
4700
0.8
2
650
120
mA
Ω
V
µA
mV
mV
µA
µA
Control Inputs
Note 1:
Absolute Maximum Ratings only indicate limits for survivability.
Operating the device beyond these limits may result in permanent damage.
Continuous or extended application of these maximum levels may
adversely affect device reliability.
Note 2:
The LTC4060 is guaranteed to meet performance specifications
from 0°C to 70°C ambient temperature range and 0°C to 85°C junction
temperature range. Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C operating
ambient temperature range are assured by design, characterization and
correlation with statistical process controls.
Note 3:
This IC includes overtemperature protection that is intended to
protect the device during momentary overload conditions. Overtempera-
ture protection is activated at a temperature of approximately 145°C,
which is above the specified maximum operating junction temperature.
Continuous operation above the specified maximum operation temperature
may result in device degradation or failure. Operating junction temperature
T
J
(in
°C)
is calculated from the ambient temperature T
A
and the average
power dissipation P
D
(in watts) by the formula:
T
J
= T
A
+
θ
JA
• P
D
Note 4:
Short duration drops below the minimum V
CC
specification of
several microseconds or less are ignored by the undervoltage detection
circuit.
Note 5:
Assumes that the external PNP pass transistor has negligible B-C
reverse leakage current when the collector is biased at 2.8V (V
BAT
for two
charged cells in series) and the base is biased at V
CC
.
Note 6:
Assumes that the external PNP pass transistor has negligible B-E
reverse leakage current when the emitter is biased at 0V (V
CC
) and the
base is biased at 5.6V (V
BAT
for four charged cells in series).
Note 7:
The charge current specified is the regulated current through the
internal current sense resistor that flows into the external PNP pass
transistor’s emitter. Actual battery charging current is slightly less and
depends upon PNP alpha.
Note 8:
Given as a per cell voltage (V
BAT
/Number of Cells).
Note 9:
Supply current includes the current programming resistor current
of 2mA. The charger is paused and not charging the battery.
Note 10:
The minimum V
CC
supply is set at 5V during this test to
compensate for voltage drops due to test socket contact resistance and 2A
of current. This ensures that the supply voltage delivered to the device
under test does not fall below the UVLO entry threshold. Specification at
the minimum V
CC
of 4.5V is assured by design and characterization.
4060f
4
LTC4060
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
NiMH Battery Charging
Characteristics at 1C Rate
1.70
T
A
= 25°C
–∆V TERMINATION
–∆V TERMINATION
1.7
CELL VOLTAGE (V)
1.65
CELL VOLTAGE (V)
1.6
CELL VOTLAGE (V)
1.60
1.55
0
10
20
30
40
50
CHARGE TIME (MINUTES)
60
4060 G01
NiCd Battery Charging
Characteristics at C/2 Rate
1.65
2.010
1.60
CELL VOTLAGE (V)
–∆V TERMINATION
I
FCH
(A)
1.55
I
FCL
(mA)
1.50
1.45
1.40
0
20
80
60
40
100 120
CHARGE TIME (MINUTES)
140
I
BRD
vs Temperature and
Supply Voltage
–260
V
CC
= 10V
ERROR (%)
V
MDV
(mV)
I
BRD
(µA)
–300
V
CC
= 4.5V
–340
–50
–25
75
0
25
50
TEMPERATURE (°C)
U W
4060 G04
NiCd Battery Charging
Characteristics at 1C Rate
T
A
= 25°C
1.60
NiMH Battery Charging
Characteristics at C/2 Rate
T
A
= 25°C
–∆V TERMINATION
1.55
1.50
1.45
1.5
1.40
1.4
0
10
20
30
40
50
CHARGE TIME (MINUTES)
60
4060 G02
1.35
0
20
80
60
40
100 120
CHARGE TIME (MINUTES)
140
4060 G03
I
FCH
vs Temperature and
Supply Voltage
402
I
FCL
vs Temperature and
Supply Voltage
2.005
401
V
CC
= 10V
V
CC
= 10V
2.000
V
CC
= 4.5V
1.995
400
V
CC
= 4.5V
399
1.990
–50
–25
75
0
25
50
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
398
–50
–25
75
0
25
50
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
4060 G05
4060 G06
V
MDV
vs Temperature and
Supply Voltage
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
–50 –25
NiMH
4.5V
≤
V
CC
≤
10V
NiCd
4.5V
≤
V
CC
≤
10V
1.7
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
–0.5
–1.0
t
ACC
vs Temperature and
Supply Voltage
V
CC
= 10V
V
CC
= 4.5V
R
PROG
= 3480Ω
C
TIMER
= 470pF
R
PROG
= 698Ω
C
TIMER
= 1.2nF
50
25
75
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
100
125
50
25
75
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
–1.5
–50 –25
4060 G07
4060 G08
4060 G09
4060f
5
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