FEATURES
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LTC5598
5MHz to 1600MHz
High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
DESCRIPTION
The LTC
®
5598 is a direct I/Q modulator designed for high
performance wireless applications, including wireless
infrastructure. It allows direct modulation of an RF signal
using differential baseband I and Q signals. It supports
point-to-point microwave link, GSM, EDGE, CDMA,
700MHz band LTE, CDMA2000, CATV applications and
other systems. It may also be configured as an image
reject upconverting mixer, by applying 90° phase-shifted
signals to the I and Q inputs.
The I/Q baseband inputs consist of voltage-to-current
converters that in turn drive double-balanced mixers.
The outputs of these mixers are summed and applied
to a buffer, which converts the differential mixer signals
to a 50Ω single-ended buffered RF output. The four
balanced I and Q baseband input ports are intended for
DC coupling from a source with a common-mode voltage
level of about 0.5V. The LO path consists of an LO buffer
with single-ended or differential inputs, and precision
quadrature generators that produce the LO drive for the
mixers. The supply voltage range is 4.5V to 5.25V, with
about 168mA current.
L,
LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
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Frequency Range: 5MHz to 1600MHz
High Output IP3: +27.7dBm at 140MHz
+22.9dBm at 900MHz
Low Output Noise Floor at 6MHz Offset:
No Baseband AC Input: –161.2dBm/Hz
P
OUT
= 5.5dBm: –160dBm/Hz
Low LO Feedthrough: –55dBm at 140MHz
High Image Rejection: –50.4dBc at 140MHz
Integrated LO Buffer and LO Quadrature Phase
Generator
50Ω Single-Ended LO and RF Ports
>400MHz Baseband Bandwidth
24-Lead QFN 4mm
×
4mm Package
Pin-Compatible with Industry Standard Pin-Out
Shut-down Mode
APPLICATIONS
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Point-to-Point Microwave Link
Military Radio
Basestation Transmitter GSM/EDGE/CDMA2K
700MHz LTE Basestation Transmitter
Satellite Communication
CATV/Cable Broadband Modulator
13.56MHz/UHF RFID Modulator
TYPICAL APPLICATION
5MHz to 1600MHz Direct Conversion Transmitter Application
5V
V
CC
LTC5598
I-DAC
V-I
I-CHANNEL
0
EN
Q-CHANNEL
Q-DAC
BASEBAND
GENERATOR
V-I
5598 TA01
Noise Floor vs RF Output Power
and Differential LO Input Power
NOISE FLOOR AT 6MHz OFFSET (dBm/Hz)
4.7μF
x2
RF = 5MHz
TO 1600MHz
–152
f
LO
= 140MHz; f
BB
= 2kHz; CW (NOTE 3)
20dBm
19.3dBm
13.4dBm
10.4dBm
8.4dBm
6.4dBm
1nF
x2
–154
–156
PA
10nF
90
–158
–160
10nF
50Ω
10nF
470nF
VCO/SYNTHESIZER
–162
–14 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4
RF OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
6
8
5598 TA02
5598f
1
LTC5598
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(Note 1)
PIN CONFIGURATION
TOP VIEW
BBMI
BBPI
V
CC1
GND
GND
GND
18 V
CC2
17 GNDRF
25
16 RF
15 NC
14 GNDRF
13 NC
7
CAPB
8
GND
9 10 11 12
BBMQ
BBPQ
GND
GND
Supply Voltage .........................................................5.6V
Common Mode Level of BBPI, BBMI and
BBPQ, BBMQ ...........................................................0.6V
LOP LOM Input ....................................................20dBm
,
Voltage on Any Pin
Not to Exceed ...................................–0.3V to V
CC
+ 0.3V
T
JMAX
.................................................................... 150°C
Operating Temperature Range..................– 40°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature Range...................–65°C to 150°C
24 23 22 21 20 19
EN 1
GND 2
LOP 3
LOM 4
GND 5
CAPA 6
UF PACKAGE
24-LEAD (4mm 4mm) PLASTIC QFN
T
JMAX
= 150°C,
θ
JA
= 37°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 25) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
ORDER INFORMATION
LEAD FREE FINISH
LTC5598IUF#PBF
TAPE AND REEL
LTC5598IUF#TRPBF
PART MARKING
5598
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
24-Lead (4mm
×
4mm) Plastic QFN
TEMPERATURE RANGE
–40°C to 85°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to:
http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to:
http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
5598f
2
LTC5598
V
CC
= 5V, EN = 5V, T
A
= 25ºC, P
LO
= 0dBm, single-ended; BBPI, BBMI,
BBPQ, BBMQ common-mode DC voltage V
CMBB
= 0.5V
DC
, I&Q baseband input signal = 100kHz CW, 0.8V
PP,DIFF
each, I&Q 90° shifted
(lower side-band selection), unless otherwise noted. (Note 11)
SYMBOL
RF OUTPUT (RF)
f
RF
S
22, ON
G
V
P
OUT
OP1dB
OIP2
OIP3
NFloor
RF Frequency Range
RF Output Return Loss
Conversion Voltage Gain
Absolute Output Power
Output 1dB Compression
Output 2nd Order Intercept
Output 3rd Order Intercept
RF Output Noise Floor
(Notes 4, 5)
(Notes 4, 6)
No Baseband AC Input Signal (Note 3)
P
OUT
= 4.6dBm (Note 3) P
LO, SE
= 10dBm
P
OUT
= 5.5dBm (Note 3) P
LO, DIFF
= 20dBm
(Note 7)
EN = High (Note 7)
EN = Low (Note 7)
20 • Log (V
RF, OUT, 50Ω
/V
IN, DIFF, I or Q
)
1V
PP,DIFF
on each I&Q Inputs
(Notes 4, 5)
(Notes 4, 6)
No Baseband AC Input Signal (Note 3)
(Note 7)
EN = High (Note 7)
EN = Low (Note 7)
20 • Log (V
RF, OUT, 50Ω
/V
IN, DIFF, I or Q
)
1V
PP,DIFF
on each I&Q Inputs
(Notes 4, 5)
(Notes 4, 6)
No Baseband AC Input Signal (Note 3)
P
OUT
= 5.2dBm (Note 3) P
LO, SE
= 10dBm
(Note 7)
EN = High (Note 7)
EN = Low (Note 7)
–5.0
EN = High, 5MHz to 1600MHz
20 • Log (V
RF, OUT, 50Ω
/V
IN, DIFF, I or Q
)
1V
PP,DIFF
on each I&Q Inputs
5 to 1600
<–20
–2
2
8.5
74
27.7
–161.2
–154.5
–160
–50.4
–55
–78
–2.1
1.9
8.4
72
25.5
–160.9
–55
–51
–68
–2
2
8.5
69
22.9
–160.3
–154.5
–54
–48
–54
0.5
MHz
dB
dB
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBc
dBm
dBm
dB
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm/Hz
dBc
dBm
dBm
dB
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBc
dBm
dBm
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
f
LO
= 140MHz, f
RF
= 139.9MHz
IR
LOFT
Image Rejection
LO Feedthrough
(Carrier Leakage)
Conversion Voltage Gain
Absolute Output Power
Output 1dB Compression
Output 2nd Order Intercept
Output 3rd Order Intercept
RF Output Noise Floor
Image Rejection
LO Feedthrough
(Carrier Leakage)
Conversion Voltage Gain
Absolute Output Power
Output 1dB Compression
Output 2nd Order Intercept
Output 3rd Order Intercept
RF Output Noise Floor
Image Rejection
LO Feedthrough
(Carrier Leakage)
f
LO
= 450MHz, f
RF
= 449.9MHz
G
V
P
OUT
OP1dB
OIP2
OIP3
NFloor
IR
LOFT
f
LO
= 900MHz, f
RF
= 899.9MHz
G
V
P
OUT
OP1dB
OIP2
OIP3
NFloor
IR
LOFT
5598f
3
LTC5598
V
CC
= 5V, EN = 5V, T
A
= 25ºC, P
LO
= 0dBm, single-ended; BBPI, BBMI,
BBPQ, BBMQ common-mode DC voltage V
CMBB
= 0.5V
DC
, I&Q baseband input signal = 100kHz CW, 0.8V
PP,DIFF
each, I&Q 90° shifted
(lower side-band selection), unless otherwise noted. (Note 11)
SYMBOL
LO INPUT (LOP)
f
LO
P
LO,DIFF
P
LO, SE
S
11, ON
S
11, OFF
BW
BB
I
b,BB
R
IN, SE
V
CMBB
V
SWING
V
CC
I
CC(ON)
I
CC(OFF)
t
ON
t
OFF
POWER UP/DOWN
Enable
Sleep
Input High Voltage
Input High Current
Input Low Voltage
Input Low Current
EN = High
EN = 5V
EN = Low
EN = 0V
2
43
1
–40
V
μA
V
μA
LO Frequency Range
Differential LO Input Power Range
Single-Ended LO Input Power Range
LO Input Return Loss
LO Input Return Loss
Baseband Bandwidth
Baseband Input Current
Input Resistance
DC Common-Mode Voltage
Amplitude Swing
Supply Voltage
Supply Current
Supply Current, Sleep Mode
Turn-On Time
Turn-Off Time
EN = High, I
CC1
+ I
CC2
EN = 0V, I
CC1
+ I
CC2
EN = Low to High (Notes 8, 10)
EN = High to Low (Notes 9, 10)
EN = High
EN = Low
-3dB Bandwidth
Single-Ended
Single-Ended
Externally Applied
No Hard Clipping, Single-Ended
4.5
130
5 to 1600
–10 to 20
–10 to 12
–10.5
–9.6
>400
–68
–7.4
0.5
0.86
5
165
0.24
75
10
5.25
200
0.9
MHz
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
MHz
μA
kΩ
V
V
P-P
V
mA
mA
ns
ns
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
BASEBAND INPUTS (BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ)
POWER SUPPLY (V
CC1
, V
CC2
)
Note 1:
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
Note 2:
The LTC5598 is guaranteed functional over the operating
temperature range –40ºC to 85ºC.
Note 3:
At 6MHz offset from the LO signal frequency. 100nF between BBPI
and BBMI, 100nF between BBPQ and BBMQ.
Note 4:
Baseband is driven by 2MHz and 2.1MHz tones with 1V
PP,DIFF
for
two-tone signals at each I or Q input (0.5V
PP,DIFF
for each tone).
Note 5:
IM2 is measured at LO frequency – 4.1MHz.
Note 6:
IM3 is measured at LO frequency – 1.9 MHz and LO frequency
– 2.2MHz.
Note 7:
Amplitude average of the characterization data set without image
or LO feedthrough nulling (unadjusted).
Note 8:
RF power is within 10% of final value.
Note 9:
RF power is at least 30dB lower than in the ON state.
Note 10:
External coupling capacitors at pins LOP LOM and RF are 100pF
,
each.
Note 11:
Tests are performed as shown in the configuration of Figure 10.
The LO power is applied to J3 while J5 is terminated with 50Ω to ground
for single-ended LO drive.
5598f
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LTC5598
V
CC
= 5V, EN = 5V, T
A
= 25ºC, f
RF
= f
LO
– f
BB
, P
LO
=
0dBm single-ended, BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ common-mode DC voltage V
CMBB
= 0.5V
DC
, I&Q baseband input signal = 100kHz,
0.8V
PP,DIFF
, two-tone baseband input signal = 2MHz, 2.1MHz, 0.5V
PP,DIFF
each tone, I&Q 90° shifted (lower side-band selection);
f
NOISE
= f
LO
– 6MHz; unless otherwise noted. (Note 11)
Supply Current vs Temperature
180
5.25V
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
170
VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
5.0V
160
–2
25
–3
OIP3 (dBm)
23
21
19
17
–1
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Voltage Gain vs RF Frequency
29
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Output IP3 vs RF Frequency
150
4.5V
–4
5V, 25°C
5.25V, 25°C
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 85°C
10
100
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
5598 G02
5V, 25°C
5.25V, 25°C
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 85°C
10
100
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
5598 G03
140
–40
–15
10
35
TEMPERATURE (°C)
60
85
5598 G01
–5
Output IP2 vs RF Frequency
85
80
75
OIP2 (dBm)
70
65
60
55
10
Output 1dB Compression
vs RF Frequency
–40
LO Feedthrough to RF Output
vs LO Frequency
LO FEEDTHROUGH (dBm)
8
OP1dB (dBm)
–50
6
4
5V, 25°C
5.25V, 25°C
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 85°C
10
100
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
5598 G05
5V, 25°C
5.25V, 25°C
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 85°C
10
100
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
5598 G04
–60
2
0
–70
5V, 25°C
5.25V, 25°C
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 85°C
10
100
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
5598 G06
Image Rejection vs LO Frequency
–20
5V, 25°C
5.25V, 25°C
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 85°C
–145
Noise Floor vs RF Frequency
(No AC Baseband Input Signal)
5V, 25°C
5.25V, 25°C
4.5V, 25°C
5V, –40°C
5V, 85°C
(NOTE 3)
0
RF Two-Tone Power (Each Tone),
IM2 and IM3 vs RF Frequency
–40
f
RF, EACH
= f
LO
– f
BB1
–10
f
IM3
= f
LO
+ 2*f
BB1
+ f
BB2
P
RF,TONE
(dBm)
–20
f
IM3
= f
LO
– 2*f
BB1
+ f
BB2
–30
–40
–50
f
IM2
= f
LO
– f
BB1
– f
BB2
–70
–80
–90
–100
–60
–50
IM2 (dBm), IM3 (dBm)
–30
IMAGE REJECTION (dBc)
–40
NOISE FLOOR (dBm/Hz)
–150
–155
–50
–60
–160
–70
10
100
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
5598 G07
–165
10
100
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
1000
5598 G08
–60
10
100
1000
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
5598 G09
5598f
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