VCS1610 (Kelvin Connection)
High Precision Foil Surface Mount Current Sensing Chip
Resistors with TCR of ± 2 ppm/°C, Load Life Stability of ± 0.02 %,
ESD Immunity up to 25 kV and Fast Thermal Stabilization
FEATURES
Temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR):
± 2 ppm/°C typical (- 55 °C to + 125 °C, + 25 °C
ref.) (see table 1)
Resistance range: 0.1
to 1
(for higher or
lower values, please contact Application
Engineering department)
Resistance tolerance: to ± 0.5 %
Load life stability:
± 0.02 % at 70 °C, 2000 h at rated power
Power rating: 0.25 W at + 70 °C
Bulk Metal
®
Foil resistors are not restricted to standard
values; specific “as required” values can be supplied at no
extra cost or delivery (e.g. 0.2345
vs. 0.2
)
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) at least to 25 kV
Thermal stabilization time < 1 s (nominal value
achieved within 10 ppm of steady state value)
Short time overload < 0.005 %
Non-inductive, non-capacitive design
Thermal EMF: 0.05 µV/°C typical
Current noise: 0.010 µV
RMS
/V of applied voltage
(< - 40 dB)
Rise time: 1 ns effectively no ringing
Voltage coefficient: < 0.1 ppm/V
Non inductive: < 0.08 µH
Non hot spot design
Quick prototype quantities available, please contact
foil@vpgsensors.com
For improved performances, please see VCS1610Z
INTRODUCTION
Why should I use the VCS1610?
The VCS1610 is a current sensing solution that was
developed with a low TCR to meet demands for new and
stable resistive product solutions in the industry today. This
resistor is most-often used to monitor a current that is directly
proportional to some physical characteristic (such as
pressure, weight, etc) being measured by an analog sensor.
The resistor converts the current to a voltage that is
representative of the physical characteristic and feeds that
voltage into control circuits, instrumentation, or other
indicators.
Variations induced in the resistor, not representative of the
monitored characteristic, can be caused by high TCR
response to both ambient temperature and self-heating and
can feed erroneous signals into the system. Resistance is
usually kept low to reduce the I²R self-heating (Joule effect)
portion of the error while minimizing the stresses that cause
long-term resistance changes. It is critical for this resistor to
reach thermal equilibrium quickly in circuits that require fast
response or where the current changes quickly.
The VCS1610 is used where the emphasis is on accuracy
and repeatability under stress conditions in applications
requiring precision resistor performance up to 0.25 W and up
to 70 °C. Applications as EB systems, switching power
supplies, force-balanced scales all rely on current sense
resistors to develop a precise voltage proportional to the
current. The VCS1610 is a four terminal resistor which is
essential to achieve high accuracy and stability.
FIGURE 1 - POWER DERATING CURVE
(1)
Percent of Rated Power
- 55 °C
100
75
50
25
0
- 75
+ 70 °C
TABLE 1 - TOLERANCE AND TCR VS.
RESISTANCE VALUE
(- 55 °C to + 125 °C, + 25° Ref.)
VALUE
()
0R5 to 1R
0R1 to <0R5
Note
TOLERANCE
0.5 %, 1 %
0.5 %, 1 %
TYPICAL
TCR
± 2 ppm/°C
± 2 ppm/°C
MAXIMUM
TCR
± 10 ppm/°C
± 15 ppm/°C
- 50
- 25
0
+ 25
+ 50
+ 75 + 100 + 125 + 150 + 175
Ambient Temperature (°C)
Note
(1)
Power rating: 0.25 W at + 70 °C
TERMINATIONS
Two lead (Pb)-free options are available:
Gold plated or tin plated
Tin/lead plated
• Tighter tolerances and higher values are available. Please
contact application engineering
foil@vpgsensors.com
* This datasheet provides information about parts that are RoHS-compliant and/or parts that are non-RoHS-compliant. For
example, parts with lead (Pb) terminations are not RoHS compliant. Please see the information/tables in this datasheet for details.
Document Number: 63137
Revision: 19-Jan-16
For any questions, contact
foil@vpgsensors.com
www.vishayfoilresistors.com
1
VCS1610 (Kelvin Connection)
Why use Kelvin connections?
Four-terminal connections or Kelvin connections are
required in these low ohmic value resistors to measure a
precise voltage drop across the resistive element. The
4-terminal configuration eliminates the IR-drop error voltage
that would be present in the voltage sense leads if a standard
two-terminal resistor were used.
In current sense resistors the contact resistance and the
terminations resistance may be greater than that of the
resistive element itself so lead connection errors can be
significant if only two terminal connections are used.
Why is the VCS1610 vital in avoiding Thermal EMF
(parasitic effect)?
When the junction of two dissimilar metals is heated, a
voltage is generated across the junction creating a DC-offset
error signal. This voltage is proportional to the temperature
difference across the junction and is called a Thermal
Electro-motive Force (Thermal EMF), or thermocouple.
Thermal EMF is an important consideration in low ohmic
current sensing resistors used mostly in DC circuits (there is
no effect in AC circuitry). The VCS1610 is the ideal solution
to minimize the effect of thermal EMF through the use of
appropriate materials between the resistive layer and the
terminations.
Should I be concerned about the impact of ESD on my
resistor?
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) is known to produce
catastrophic failures in thin-film and thick-film (cermet)
resistors at only 3000 V. On the other hand, the Bulk Metal®
Foil resistor withstands ESD events up to 25 kV because its
thicker resistance element and greater metallic mass afford
much higher energy-handling capability than either the much
thinner thin-film resistor or the sparse, non-homogeneous
metallic content of the thick film resistor.
Should I be concerned about stability?
In order to select the resistor technology most appropriate to
the application, a designer must take into account all normal
and extraordinary stresses the resistor will experience in the
application. In addition, the designer must consider the cost
and reliability impact involved when it becomes necessary to
add costly additional compensating circuitry when
inadequate resistors are selected. The stability of Bulk
Metal® Foil resistors, together with the advantages already
mentioned, as well as the other basic advantages apparent
in their specifications will not only provide unequalled
performance in the circuit but will eliminate all the costs
associated with extra compensation circuitry.
With VCS1610, only a minimal shift in resistance value will
occur during its entire lifetime. Most of this shift takes place
during the first few hundred hours of operation, and virtually
no change is noted thereafter.
FIGURE 2 - TRIMMING TO VALUES(Conceptual
Illustration)*
Interloop
Capacitance
Reduction
in Series
Mutual Inductance
Reduction due
to Change in
Current Direction
Current Path
Before Trimming
Current Path After Trimming
Trimming Process
Removes this Material
from Shorting Strip Area
Changing Current Path
and Increasing
Resistance
Foil shown in black, etched spaces in white
Note
To acquire a precision resistance value,
the Bulk Metal Foil chip is trimmed by
selectively removing built-in “shorting bars.”
To increase the resistance in known increments,
marked areas are cut, producing progressively
smaller increases in resistance. This method
reduces the effect of “hot spots” and improves
the long-term stability of VFR resistors.
www.vishayfoilresistors.com
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For any questions, contact
foil@vpgsensors.com
Document Number: 63137
Revision: 19-Jan-16
VCS1610 (Kelvin Connection)
FIGURE 3 - DIMENSIONS
in inches (millimeters)
L
4 Mounting
A
Pads
(1)
I
2
E
1
0.110
(2.794)
0.020
(0.508)
0.060
(1.524)
I
1
R
E
2
B
H
W
E
2
I
1
0.200
(5.08)
E
1
I
2
Top View
Bottom View
Solder Pad Layout
Electrical Schematic
Note
(1)
I and E mounting pads are interchangeable
INCHES
L
H
W
A
B
0.160 ± 0.010
0.100 ± 0.010
0.040 maximum
0.045 ± 0.005
0.030 ± 0.010
MILLIMETERS
4.06 ± 0.25
2.54 ± 0.25
1.02 maximum
1.14 ± 0.13
0.76 ± 0.25
FIGURE 4 - TYPICAL RESISTANCE/TEMPERATURE CURVE
+ 150
+ 100
+ 50
± 2 ppm/°C (+ 25 °C reference)
Δ
R
0
R
(ppm)
- 50
- 100
- 150
- 200
- 50
- 25
0
+ 25
+ 50
+ 75
+ 100
+ 125
Ambient Temperature (°C)
TABLE 2 - PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
TEST
Thermal Shock 5 x (- 65 °C to + 150 °C)
Low Temperature Operation, - 65 °C, 45 min at P
nom
Short Time Overload, 6.25 x Rated Power, 5 sec
High Temperature Exposure, + 150 °C, 100 h
Resistance to Soldering Heat, 10 s to 12 s @ 260°C reflow method
Moisture Resistance, MIL-202 method 106
Load Life Stability + 70 °C for 2000 h at Rated Power
Note
• Measurement error 0.001 R
MIL-PRF-55342
R
LIMITS
± 0.10 %
± 0.10 %
± 0.10 %
± 0.10 %
± 0.2 %
± 0.2 %
± 0.5 %
TYPICAL
R
LIMITS
± 0.005 % (50 ppm)
± 0.005 % (50 ppm)
± 0.005 % (50 ppm)
± 0.01 % (100 ppm)
± 0.01 % (100 ppm)
± 0.01 % (100 ppm)
± 0.02 % (200 ppm)
Document Number: 63137
Revision: 19-Jan-16
For any questions, contact
foil@vpgsensors.com
www.vishayfoilresistors.com
3
VCS1610 (Kelvin Connection)
TABLE 3 - GLOBAL PART NUMBER INFORMATION
(1)
NEW GLOBAL PART NUMBER: Y11200R40500D9W (preferred part number format)
DENOTES PRECISION
Y
VALUE
R
=
CHARACTERISTICS
0
= tin/lead plated
9
= tin plated
19
= gold plated
1 to 999
= custom
Y
1
1
2
0
0
R
4
0
5
0
0
D
9
W
PRODUCT CODE
1120
= VCS1610
RESISTANCE TOLERANCE
D
F
G
J
K
= ± 0.5 %
= ± 1.0 %
= ± 2.0 %
= ± 5.0 %
= ± 10.0 %
PACKAGING
W
= waffle pack
R
= tape and reel
FOR EXAMPLE: ABOVE GLOBAL ORDER Y1120 0R40500 D 9 W:
TYPE: VCS1610
VALUES: 0.405
ABSOLUTE TOLERANCE: ± 0.5 %
TERMINATION: lead (Pb)-free
PACKAGING: waffle pack
Note
(1)
For non-standard requests or additional values, please contact application engineering.
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For any questions, contact
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Document Number: 63137
Revision: 19-Jan-16
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Vishay Precision Group, Inc.
Disclaimer
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Copyright Vishay Precision Group, Inc., 2014. All rights reserved.
Document No.: 63999
Revision: 15-Jul-2014
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