FEATURES
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LT5572
1.5GHz to 2.5GHz
High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
DESCRIPTIO
The LT5572 is a direct I/Q modulator designed for high
performance wireless applications, including wireless
infrastructure. It allows direct modulation of an RF signal
using differential baseband I and Q signals. It supports PHS,
GSM, EDGE, TD-SCDMA, CDMA, CDMA2000, W-CDMA
and other systems. It may also be configured as an image
reject up-converting mixer by applying 90° phase-shifted
signals to the I and Q inputs. The high impedance I/Q
baseband inputs consist of voltage-to-current converters
that in turn drive double-balanced mixers. The outputs of
these mixers are summed and applied to an on-chip RF
transformer which converts the differential mixer signals
to a 50Ω single-ended output. The four balanced I and Q
baseband input ports are intended for DC coupling from a
source with a common mode voltage level of about 0.5V.
The LO path consists of an LO buffer with single-ended
input and precision quadrature generators that produce
the LO drive for the mixers. The supply voltage range is
4.5V to 5.25V.
, LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
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Direct Conversion from Baseband to RF
High Output: –2.5dB Conversion Gain
High OIP3: +21.6dBm at 2GHz
Low Output Noise Floor at 20MHz Offset:
No RF: –158.6dBm/Hz
P
OUT
= 4dBm: –152.5dBm/Hz
Low Carrier Leakage: –39.4dBm at 2GHz
High Image Rejection: –41.2dBc at 2GHz
4-Channel W-CDMA ACPR: –67.7dBc at 2.14GHz
Integrated LO Buffer and LO Quadrature Phase
Generator
50Ω AC-Coupled Single-Ended LO and RF Ports
High Impedance DC Interface to Baseband Inputs
with 0.5V Common Mode Voltage
16-Lead QFN 4mm
×
4mm Package
APPLICATIO S
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Infrastructure Tx for DCS, PCS and UMTS Bands
Image Reject Up-Converters for DCS, PCS and UMTS
Bands
Low Noise Variable Phase Shifter for 1.5GHz to
2.5GHz Local Oscillator Signals
TYPICAL APPLICATIO
Direct Conversion Transmitter Application
8, 13
14
I-DAC
16
V-I
I-CH
EN
1
Q-CH
V-I
0°
90°
7
Q-DAC
BASEBAND
GENERATOR
5
BALUN
11
V
CC
LT5572
5V
100nF
×2
RF = 1.5GHz
TO 2.5GHz
PA
ACPR, AltCPR (dBc)
–50
DOWNLINK TEST
MODEL 64 DPCH
4-CH ACPR
4-CH AltCPR
–60
2-CH ACPR
–70
2-CH AltCPR
–80
1-CH AltCPR
2-CH NOISE
4-CH NOISE
–90
–30
1-CH NOISE
5572 TA01a
2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 17
3
VCO/SYNTHESIZER
U
U
U
W-CDMA ACPR, AltCPR and Noise
vs RF Output Power at 2.14GHz for
1, 2 and 4 Channels
–125
NOISE FLOOR AT 30MHz OFFSET (dBm/Hz)
1-CH
ACPR
–135
–145
–155
–25
–15
–10
–5
–20
RF OUTPUT POWER PER CARRIER (dBm)
5572 TA01b
–165
5572f
1
LT5572
ABSOLUTE
(Note 1)
AXI U RATI GS
PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO
TOP VIEW
BBMI
BBPI
GND
V
CC
BBMQ
GND
BBPQ
UF PACKAGE
16-LEAD (4mm
×
4mm) PLASTIC QFN
T
JMAX
= 125°C,
θ
JA
= 37°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 17) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
ORDER PART NUMBER
LT5572EUF
V
CC
Supply Voltage .........................................................5.5V
Common Mode Level of BBPI, BBMI
and BBPQ, BBMQ.....................................................0.6V
Voltage on Any Pin
Not to Exceed ........................–500mV to (V
CC
+ 500mV)
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
(Note 2).................................................... –40°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 125°C
16 15 14 13
EN 1
GND 2
LO 3
GND 4
5
6
7
8
17
12 GND
11 RF
10 GND
9
GND
UF PART MARKING
5572
Order Options
Tape and Reel: Add #TR
Lead Free: Add #PBF Lead Free Tape and Reel: Add #TRPBF
Lead Free Part Marking:
http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
V
CC
= 5V, EN = High, T
A
= 25°C, f
LO
= 2GHz, f
RF
= 2002MHz, P
LO
= 0dBm.
BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ inputs 0.5V
DC
, baseband input frequency = 2MHz, I and Q 90° shifted (upper sideband selection).
P
RF(OUT)
= –10dBm, unless otherwise noted. (Note 3)
SYMBOL
f
RF
S
22(ON)
S
22(OFF)
NFloor
PARAMETER
RF Frequency Range
RF Output Return Loss
RF Output Return Loss
RF Output Noise Floor
CONDITIONS
–3dB Bandwidth
–1dB Bandwidth
EN = High (Note 6)
EN = Low (Note 6)
No Input Signal (Note 8)
P
OUT
= 4dBm (Note 9)
P
OUT
= 4dBm (Note 10)
20 • Log (V
OUT(50Ω)
/V
IN(DIFF) I or Q
)
1V
PP(DIFF)
CW Signal, I and Q
(Note 17)
(Note 7)
(Notes 13, 14)
(Notes 13, 15)
(Note 16)
EN = High, P
LO
= 0dBm (Note 16)
EN = Low, P
LO
= 0dBm (Note 16)
MIN
TYP
1.5 to 2.5
1.7 to 2.15
–13.5
–12.5
–158.6
–152.5
–152.2
–2.5
1.4
–29.5
9.3
53.2
21.6
–41.2
–39.4
–58
MAX
UNITS
GHz
GHz
dB
dB
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dB
dBm
dB
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBc
dBm
dBm
RF Output (RF)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
G
V
P
OUT
G
3LO VS LO
OP1dB
OIP2
OIP3
IR
LOFT
Conversion Voltage Gain
Output Power
3 • LO Conversion Gain Difference
Output 1dB Compression
Output 2nd Order Intercept
Output 3rd Order Intercept
Image Rejection
Carrier Leakage
(LO Feedthrough)
2
U
5572f
W
U
U
W W
W
LT5572
V
CC
= 5V, EN = High, T
A
= 25°C, f
LO
= 2GHz, f
RF
= 2002MHz, P
LO
= 0dBm.
BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ inputs 0.5V
DC
, baseband input frequency = 2MHz, I and Q 90° shifted (upper sideband selection).
P
RF(OUT)
= –10dBm, unless otherwise noted. (Note 3)
SYMBOL
LO Input (LO)
f
LO
P
LO
S
11(ON)
S
11(OFF)
NF
LO
G
LO
IIP3
LO
BW
BB
V
CMBB
R
IN
I
DC(IN)
P
LOBB
IP1dB
ΔG
I/Q
Δϕ
I/Q
V
CC
I
CC(ON)
I
CC(OFF)
t
ON
t
OFF
Enable
Sleep
LO Frequency Range
LO Input Power
LO Input Return Loss
LO Input Return Loss
LO Input Referred Noise Figure
LO to RF Small-Signal Gain
LO Input 3rd Order Intercept
Baseband Bandwidth
DC Common Mode Voltage
Differential Input Resistance
Baseband Static Input Current
Carrier Feedthrough to BB
Input 1dB Compression Point
I/Q Absolute Gain Imbalance
I/Q Absolute Phase Imbalance
Supply Voltage
Supply Current
Supply Current, Sleep Mode
Turn-On Time
Turn-Off Time
Input High Voltage
Input High Current
Input Low Voltage
EN = High
EN = 0V
EN = Low to High (Note 11)
EN = High to Low (Note 12)
EN = High
EN = 5V
EN = Low
1
230
0.5
0.25
1.3
4.5
(Note 4)
P
OUT
= 0 (Note 4)
Differential Peak-to-Peak (Notes 7, 18)
EN = High, P
LO
= 0dBm (Note 6)
EN = Low (Note 6)
at 2GHz (Note 5)
at 2GHz (Note 5)
at 2GHz (Note 5)
–3dB Bandwidth
Externally Applied (Note 4)
–10
1.5 to 2.5
0
–15
–5.3
14.5
25
–0.5
460
0.5
90
–20
–39
2.8
0.07
0.9
5
120
5.25
145
50
0.6
5
GHz
dBm
dB
dB
dB
dB
dBm
MHz
V
kΩ
µA
dBm
V
P-P(DIFF)
dB
Deg
V
mA
µA
µs
µs
V
µA
V
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Baseband Inputs (BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ)
Power Supply (V
CC
)
Enable (EN), Low = Off, High = On
Note 1:
Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life
of a device may be impaired.
Note 2:
Specifications over the –40°C to 85°C temperature range are
assured by design, characterization and correlation with statistical process
controls.
Note 3:
Tests are performed as shown in the configuration of Figure 7.
Note 4:
At each of the four baseband inputs BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ and BBMQ.
Note 5:
V
BBPI
– V
BBMI
= 1V
DC
, V
BBPQ
– V
BBMQ
= 1V
DC
.
Note 6:
Maximum value within –1dB bandwidth.
Note 7:
An external coupling capacitor is used in the RF output line.
Note 8:
At 20MHz offset from the LO signal frequency.
Note 9:
At 20MHz offset from the CW signal frequency.
Note 10:
At 5MHz offset from the CW signal frequency.
Note 11:
RF power is within 10% of final value.
Note 12:
RF power is at least 30dB lower than in the ON state.
Note 13:
Baseband is driven by 2MHz and 2.1MHz tones. Drive level is set
in such a way that the two resulting RF tones are –10dBm each.
Note 14:
IM2 measured at LO frequency + 4.1MHz
Note 15:
IM3 measured at LO frequency + 1.9MHz and LO frequency +
2.2MHz.
Note 16:
Amplitude average of the characterization data set without image
or LO feedthrough nulling (unadjusted).
Note 17:
The difference in conversion gain between the spurious signal
at f = 3 • LO – BB versus the conversion gain of the desired signal at
f = LO + BB for BB = 2MHz and LO = 2GHz.
Note 18:
The input voltage corresponding to the output P1dB.
5572f
3
LT5572
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
V
CC
= 5V, EN = High, T
A
= 25°C, f
LO
= 2.14GHz,
P
LO
= 0dBm. BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ inputs 0.5V
DC
, baseband input frequency f
BB
= 2MHz, I and Q 90° shifted, without image or
LO feedthrough nulling. f
RF
= f
BB
+ f
LO
(upper sideband selection). P
RF(OUT)
= –10dBm (–10dBm/tone for 2-tone measurements),
unless otherwise noted. (Note 3)
RF Output Power vs LO Frequency
at 1V
P-P
Differential Baseband
Drive
4
85°C
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
130
RF OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
2
VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
0
–2
–4
–6
100
4.5
–8
1.3
0
–2
–4
–6
–8
–10
–12
1.3
Supply Current vs Supply Voltage
140
120
25°C
110
–40°C
5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Output IP3 vs LO Frequency
26
24
22
OIP3 (dBm)
OIP2 (dBm)
20
18
16
14
12
10
1.3
1.5
1.7
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
f
BB1
= 2MHz
f
BB2
= 2.1MHz
65
55
OP1dB (dBm)
LO Feedthrough to RF Output
vs LO Frequency
–35
–20
–25
LO FEEDTHROUGH (dBm)
–40
P(2 • LO) (dBm)
–30
P(3 • LO) (dBm)
–45
–50
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
–55
–60
4
U W
5572 G01
5572 G04
5572 G07
Voltage Gain vs LO Frequency
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.5
2.3
1.7 1.9 2.1
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.5
2.3
1.7 1.9 2.1
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
5.5
5572 G02
5572 G03
Output IP2 vs LO Frequency
f
IM2
= f
BB1
+ f
BB2
+ f
LO
f
BB1
= 2MHz
f
BB2
= 2.1MHz
12
10
8
6
4
2
Output 1dB Compression
vs LO Frequency
60
50
45
1.3
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
0
1.3
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.5
2.3
1.7 1.9 2.1
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
5572 G05
5572 G06
2 • LO Leakage to RF Output
vs 2 • LO Frequency
–30
–35
–40
–45
–50
–55
–60
–65
3 • LO Leakage to RF Output
vs 3 • LO Frequency
–35
–40
–45
–50
–55
–60
2.6
3
3.4
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
3.8 4.2 4.6
2 • LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
5
5.4
5572 G08
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
4.5
5.7 6.3 6.9 7.5
3 • LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
5.1
8.1
–70
3.9
5572 G09
5572f
LT5572
TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS
V
CC
= 5V, EN = High, T
A
= 25°C, f
LO
= 2.14GHz,
P
LO
= 0dBm. BBPI, BBMI, BBPQ, BBMQ inputs 0.5V
DC
, baseband input frequency f
BB
= 2MHz, I and Q 90° shifted, without image or
LO feedthrough nulling. f
RF
= f
BB
+ f
LO
(upper sideband selection). P
RF(OUT)
= –10dBm (–10dBm/tone for 2-tone measurements),
unless otherwise noted. (Note 3)
Noise Floor vs RF Frequency
–156
f
LO
= 2GHz (FIXED)
–25
–30
IMAGE REJECTION (dBc)
–35
S
11
(dB)
–20
–40
–45
–50
–55
1.3
LO PORT,
EN = HIGH,
P
LO
= –10dBm
RF PORT,
EN = HIGH,
NO LO
RF PORT,
EN = LO
RF PORT,
EN = HIGH,
P
LO
= 0dBm
2.5
2.7
–158
NOISE FLOOR (dBm/Hz)
–160
–162
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
RF FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
–164
–166
Absolute I/Q Gain Imbalance
vs LO Frequency
0.2
ABSOLUTE I/Q GAIN IMBALANCE (dB)
5
ABSOLUTE I/Q PHASE IMBALANCE (DEG)
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
VOLTAGE GAIN (dB)
0.1
0
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
Output IP3 vs LO Power
22
20
LO FEEDTHROUGH (dBm)
18
16
OIP3 (dBm)
14
12
10
8
6
4
–20
–16
f
BB1
= 2MHz
f
BB2
= 2.1MHz
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
–12 –8
–4
0
LO INPUT POWER (dBm)
4
8
–30
–35
–40
–45
–50
–55
IMAGE REJECTION (dBc)
U W
5572 G10
5572 G16
Image Rejection vs LO Frequency
0
LO and RF Port Return Loss
vs RF Frequency
LO PORT, EN = LOW
–10
LO PORT, EN = HIGH, P
LO
= 0dBm
–30
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
–40
–50
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.8 2.1 2.3
RF FREQUENCY (GHz)
5572 G11
5572 G12
Absolute I/Q Phase Imbalance
vs LO Frequency
–2
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
–4
–6
–8
–10
–12
–14
–16
0
1.3
1.5
1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3
LO FREQUENCY (GHz)
2.5
2.7
Voltage Gain vs LO Power
4
3
2
1
–18
–20 –16
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
–12
–4
0
–8
LO INPUT POWER (dBm)
4
8
5572 G15
5572 G13
5572 G14
LO Feedthrough vs LO Power
–25
–30
–35
–40
–45
–50
Image Rejection vs LO Power
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
–60
–20
5V, –40°C
5V, 25°C
5V, 85°C
4.5V, 25°C
5.5V, 25°C
–16
–4
0
–12 –8
LO INPUT POWER (dBm)
4
8
–55
–20
–16
–4
0
–12 –8
LO INPUT POWER (dBm)
4
8
5572 G17
5572 G18
5572f
5
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