19-2389; Rev 4; 6/08
Wideband I/Q Modulator with Sigma-Delta
Fractional-N Synthesizer
General Description
The MAX2150 is a complete wideband direct upconver-
sion quadrature modulator IC incorporating a 28-bit
sigma-delta fractional-N synthesizer. The device is tar-
geted for applications in the 700MHz to 2300MHz fre-
quency range.
The super-high-resolution sigma-delta fractional-N syn-
thesizer is capable of better than 50mHz resolution
when used with a 10MHz reference. Other features:
fully differential I/Q modulation inputs, an internal LO
buffer, and a 50Ω wideband output driver amplifier.
A standard 3-wire interface is provided for synthesizer
programming and overall device configuration. An on-
chip low-noise crystal oscillator amplifier is also includ-
ed and can be configured as a buffer when an external
reference oscillator is used.
The device typically achieves 34dBc of carrier and side-
band suppression at a -1dBm output level. The wide-
band, internally matched RF output can also
be disabled while the synthesizer and 3-wire bus remain
powered up for continuous programming.
The device consumes 72mA from a single +3.0V sup-
ply and is packaged in an ultra-compact 28-pin QFN
package (5mm
✕
5mm) with an exposed pad.
♦
Single Voltage Supply (2.7V to 3.6V)
♦
75MHz 3dB I/Q Input Bandwidth
♦
Wideband 50Ω RF Output: 700MHz to 2300MHz
♦
Ultra-Fine Frequency Resolution: 100mHz
♦
High Reference Frequency for Fast-Switching
Applications
♦
Ultra-Low Phase Noise
♦
Low Spurious and Reference Emissions
♦
-1dBm RMS Output Power
♦
60dB RF Muting Control
♦
34dBc Typical Carrier Suppression
♦
34dBc Typical Sideband Suppression
♦
Software- and Hardware-Controlled Shutdown
Modes
Features
MAX2150
Ordering Information
PART
MAX2150ETI
MAX2150ETI+
TEMP RANGE
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
28 TQFN-EP*
28 TQFN-EP*
Applications
Wireless Broadband
Satellite Uplink
LMDS
Wireless Base Station
*EP
= Exposed paddle.
+Denotes
lead-free package.
Pin Configuration/
Functional Diagram
VCC_RF
I+
I-
Q+
Q-
BUFEN BUFOUT
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
TXEN
VCC_PA
RFOUT
N.C.
N.C.
LOCK
VCC_SD
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
21
LO+
20
LO-
19
VCC_LO
18
VCC_D
90
MAX2150
∑ Δ
– MOD
PROGRAMMING
AND CONTROL
1/N
PFD
1/R
CHP
17
VCC_A
16
CHP
15
VCC_CHP
8
CLK
9
DATA
10
EN
11
SHDN
12
13
14
SYNEN OSCIN VCC_XTAL
QFN
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Wideband I/Q Modulator with Sigma-Delta
Fractional-N Synthesizer
MAX2150
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
V
CC
to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V
RF Signals: LO+, LO-, OSCIN ........................................+10dBm
I+ to I-, Q+ to Q-.......................................................................2V
LO+, LO-, I+, I-, Q+, Q-, BUFEN, TXEN, CLK, DATA,
EN,
SYNEN, OSCIN, OSCOUT, BUFOUT, CHP,
SHDN,
LOCK, V
CC
_CP to GND..............-0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
Digital Input Current .........................................................±10mA
Short-Circuit Duration RFOUT, BUFOUT, OSCOUT,
Lock, CHP...........................................................................10s
Continuous Power Dissipation
28-Pin TQFN (T
A
= +70°C)..................................................2W
(derate 28.5mW/°C above +70°C)
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature Range ..........................................+150°C
Storage Temperature.........................................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering 10s) ..................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
CAUTION!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2150 EV kit. V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.6V, GND = 0V,
SHDN
= PLLEN = TXEN = high, BUFEN= low. No AC input signals. RFOUT and
BUFOUT output ports are terminated in 50Ω. T
A
= -40°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V
CC
= +3V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise
noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SUPPLY
Supply Voltage
TX mode,
SHDN
= PLLEN = TXEN = high
BUFEN = low
Supply Current
SYNTH mode,
SHDN
= PLLEN = high, TXEN =
BUFEN = low
MOD mode,
SHDN
= TXEN = high, SYNEN =
BUFEN = low
LO Buffer Supply Current
Shutdown Supply Current
Additional current in all modes for BUFEN = high
HW_SHDN mode,
SHDN
= low
SW_SHDN mode,
PWDN
bit at logic low
2
0.5
1
-1
2
0.5
MOD mode
MOD mode
V
CC
-
0.5
0.5
1
-1
25
1
2.7
3
72
25
46
3.3
0.3
35
3.6
107
38
69
5.5
600
600
mA
µA
mA
V
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
CONTROL INPUT/OUTPUTS (SHDN, TXEN, SYNEN, BUFEN)
Input Logic High
Input Logic Low
Input Logic High Current
Input Logic Low Current
Lock Detect High (Locked)
Lock Detect Low (Unlocked)
Power-Up Time
Power-Down Time
V
V
µA
µA
V
V
µs
µs
3-WIRE CONTROL INPUT (CLK, DATA,
EN)
Input Logic High
Input Logic Low
Input Logic High Current
Input Logic Low Current
V
V
µA
µA
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Wideband I/Q Modulator with Sigma-Delta
Fractional-N Synthesizer
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2150 EV kit. V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.6V,
SHDN
= PLLEN = TXEN = high, BUFEN =low. Input I/Q signals: F
I/Q
= 500kHz, V
I/Q
= 1V
P-P
.
I+, Q+ single-ended input, driven from AC-coupled source. I-, Q- single-ended inputs are AC-coupled to GND. RFOUT and BUFOUT
output ports are terminated in 50Ω loads. f
LO
=1750MHz, P
LO
= -10dBm, typical values are at V
CC
= +3V, T
A
= +25°C, unless other-
wise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
MODULATION INPUT
I/Q Input Bandwidth
I/Q Differential Input Level
I/Q DC Input Resistance
I/Q Common-Mode Input Range
RF OUTPUT
Frequency Range
Output Power
Output 1dB Compression Point
Output IP3
Carrier Suppression
Sideband Suppression
RF Output Noise Floor
Output Return Loss
LO INPUT/OUTPUT
Frequency Range
LO Input Power
LO Input Return Loss
LO Buffer Output Level
(Note 2)
f
LO
=2000MHz
BUFEN = high (Note 2)
-14
700
-12
-10
-15
-9.5
2300
-7
MHz
dBm
dB
dBm
f
RF
= 1750MHz
f
LO
- f
I/Q
, f
RF
= 1750MHz
f
OFFSET
> 40MHz (Note 2)
(Note 3)
25
TXEN = high, f
RF
= 1750MHz
TXEN = low, f
RF
= 1750MHz
700
-7
-1
-60
1
14
34
34
-148
-9
-143
2300
MHz
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBc
dBc
dBm/Hz
dB
(Note 2)
1.5
BW (-1dB)
BW (-3dB)
Assumes a sine-wave input to achieve the RFOUT output
power specified below
26
75
1
200
1.6
1.7
MHz
V
P-P
kΩ
V
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
MAX2150
SIGMA-DELTA FRACTIONAL-N SYNTHESIZER
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Frequency Range
Phase-Detector Input-Referred
Phase Noise Floor
In-Loop Spurious Emissions
(Note 2)
f
COMP
= f
REF
= 20MHz, CP0 = CP1 = CPX = 1 (Note 4)
f
LO
= 1740.005MHz, f
COMP
= f
REF
= 20MHz, CP0 = CP1
= CPX = 1 (Note 5)
700
-138
-40
2300
MHz
dBc/Hz
dBc
MAIN DIVIDER AND PHASE DETECTOR
Minimum Fractional-N Step Size
Phase-Detector Comparison
Frequency
Maximum N Division
Minimum N Division
f
COMP
/
2
28
20
251
35
30
MHz
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
Wideband I/Q Modulator with Sigma-Delta
Fractional-N Synthesizer
MAX2150
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(MAX2150 EV kit. V
CC
= +2.7V to +3.6V,
SHDN
= PLLEN = TXEN = high, BUFEN = low. Input I/Q signals: F
I/Q
= 500kHz, V
I/Q
= 1V
P-P
.
I+, Q+ single-ended input, driven from AC-coupled source. I-, Q- single-ended inputs are AC-coupled to GND. RFOUT and BUFOUT
output ports are terminated in 50Ω loads. f
LO
=1750MHz, P
LO
= -10dBm, typical values are at V
CC
= +3V, T
A
= +25°C, unless other-
wise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
REFERENCE OSCILLATOR AND DIVIDER
Input Frequency Range
AC-Coupled Input Sensitivity
Reference Division Ratio
CHARGE-PUMP OUTPUT
CP1, CP0 = 00
CP1, CP0 = 01
Charge-Pump Current (Note 7)
CP1, CP0 = 10
CP1, CP0 = 11
Charge-Pump Voltage
Compliance
Sink/source currents match within ±5%
CPX = 0
CPX = 1
CPX = 0
CPX = 1
CPX = 0
CPX = 1
CPX = 0
CPX = 1
0.12
0.23
0.23
0.47
0.36
0.70
0.48
0.91
0.5
0.17
0.34
0.35
0.67
0.52
1.00
0.69
1.31
0.22
0.44
0.46
0.88
0.68
1.30
0.90
1.70
V
CC
-
0.5
V
mA
AC-coupled, single ended (Note 2)
(Notes 2, 6)
10
0.4
1
50
2.3
4
MHz
V
P-P
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Note 1:
Parameters are guaranteed by production testing at +25°C and +85°C. Minimum and maximum values over the tempera-
ture and supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 2:
Guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 3:
Measured with MAX2150 EV kit.
Note 4:
Measured with an on-chip crystal oscillator.
Note 5:
In-loop spurious emissions occur when synthesizing a frequency at an integer multiple of the comparison frequency with
fractional offset within the PLL loop BW.
Note 6:
If an on-chip oscillator is used, a fundamental tone crystal is needed.
Note 7:
Minimum and maximum values at CPX = 1 are guaranteed by production testing. Values at CPX = 0 are guaranteed by
design and characterization.
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Wideband I/Q Modulator with Sigma-Delta
Fractional-N Synthesizer
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX2150 EV kit. V
CC
= +3V,
SHDN
= PLLEN = TXEN = high, BUFEN = low. Input I/Q signals: F
I/Q
= 500kHz, V
I/Q
= 1V
P-P
. I+, Q+ sin-
gle-ended input, driven from AC-coupled source. I-, Q- single-ended inputs are AC-coupled to GND. RFOUT and BUFOUT output ports
are terminated in 50Ω loads. f
LO
=1750MHz, P
LO
= -10dBm, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX2150 toc01
MAX2150
MODULATION OUTPUT POWER
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX2150 toc02
MODULATION OUTPUT POWER
vs. FREQUENCY
TXEN = LOW
MODULATION OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
MAX2150 toc03
100
TX MODE
80
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
+85°C
+25°C
4
TXEN = HIGH
MODULATION OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
2
-40°C
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
700
1100
1500
FREQUENCY (MHz)
1900
+85°C
+25°C
-55
-58
-40°C
-61
+25°C
-64
+85°C
-67
60
-40°C
40
20
0
2.7
3.0
3.3
3.6
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
-70
2300
700
1100
1500
FREQUENCY (MHz)
1900
2300
OUTPUT POWER vs. LO POWER
MAX2150 toc04
CARRIER AND SIDEBAND
SUPPRESSIONS vs. LO POWER
CARRIER AND SIDEBAND SUPPRESSIONS (dB)
MAX2150 toc05
MODULATOR OUTPUT POWER
vs. I/Q INPUT LEVEL
MODULATOR OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
MAX2150 toc06
-1.0
-1.1
-1.2
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
-1.3
-1.4
-1.5
-1.6
-1.7
-1.8
-1.9
-2.0
7
8
9
10
11
38
37
36
SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION
35
34
CARRIER SUPPRESSION
33
32
4
0
-40°C
-4
+25°C
-8
-12
-16
-20
-24
+85°C
12
7
8
9
10
11
12
0
200
400
600
800 1000 1200 1400
LO POWER (dBm)
LO POWER (dBm)
I/Q INPUT LEVEL (mV)
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