NSI45030A
Constant Current Regulator
& LED Driver
45 V, 30 mA
+
10%, 460 mW Package
The linear constant current regulator (CCR) is a simple, economical
and robust device designed to provide a cost−effective solution for
regulating current in LEDs (similar to Constant Current Diode, CCD).
The CCR is based on Self-Biased Transistor (SBT) technology and
regulates current over a wide voltage range. It is designed with a
negative temperature coefficient to protect LEDs from thermal
runaway at extreme voltages and currents.
The CCR turns on immediately and is at 25% of regulation with
only 0.5 V Vak. It requires no external components allowing it to be
designed as a high or low−side regulator. The high anode-cathode
voltage rating withstands surges common in Automotive, Industrial
and Commercial Signage applications. The CCR comes in thermally
robust packages and is qualified to AEC-Q101 standard, and
UL94−V0 certified.
Features
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I
reg(SS)
= 30 mA
@ Vak = 7.5 V
Anode 2
Cathode 1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Robust Power Package: 460 mW
Wide Operating Voltage Range
Immediate Turn-On
Voltage Surge Suppressing − Protecting LEDs
SBT (Self−Biased Transistor) Technology
Negative Temperature Coefficient
NSV Prefix for Automotive and Other Applications Requiring
Unique Site and Control Change Requirements; AEC−Q101
Qualified and PPAP Capable
•
These Devices are Pb−Free, Halogen Free/BFR Free and are RoHS
Compliant
Applications
2
1
SOD−123
CASE 425
STYLE 1
MARKING DIAGRAM
1
AH
M
G
AH M
G
G
2
•
Automobile: Chevron Side Mirror Markers, Cluster, Display &
Instrument Backlighting, CHMSL, Map Light
•
AC Lighting Panels, Display Signage, Decorative Lighting, Channel
Lettering
•
Application Note AND8391/D − Power Dissipation Considerations
•
Application Note AND8349/D − Automotive CHMSL
MAXIMUM RATINGS
(T
A
= 25°C unless otherwise noted)
Rating
Anode−Cathode Voltage
Reverse Voltage
Operating and Storage Junction
Temperature Range
ESD Rating:
Human Body Model
Machine Model
Symbol
Vak Max
V
R
T
J
, T
stg
ESD
Value
45
500
−55 to +150
Class 1C
Class B
Unit
V
mV
°C
= Device Code
= Date Code
= Pb−Free Package
(Note: Microdot may be in either location)
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device
NSI45030AT1G
Package
SOD−123
(Pb−Free)
SOD−123
(Pb−Free)
Shipping
†
3000 / Tape &
Reel
3000 / Tape &
Reel
NSV45030AT1G*
†For information on tape and reel specifications,
including part orientation and tape sizes, please
refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications
Brochure, BRD8011/D.
Stresses exceeding those listed in the Maximum Ratings table may damage the
device. If any of these limits are exceeded, device functionality should not be
assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected.
©
Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2011
1
October, 2017 − Rev. 5
Publication Order Number:
NSI45030A/D
NSI45030A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(T
A
= 25°C unless otherwise noted)
Characteristic
Steady State Current @ Vak = 7.5 V (Note 1)
Voltage Overhead (Note 2)
Pulse Current @ Vak = 7.5 V (Note 3)
Capacitance @ Vak = 7.5 V (Note 4)
Capacitance @ Vak = 0 V (Note 4)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Symbol
I
reg(SS)
V
overhead
I
reg(P)
C
C
32.4
Min
27
Typ
30
1.8
36.4
2.5
5.7
40.4
Max
33
Unit
mA
V
mA
pF
pF
I
reg(SS)
steady state is the voltage (Vak) applied for a time duration
≥
10 sec, using FR−4 @ 300 mm
2
1 oz. Copper traces, in still air.
V
overhead
= V
in
− V
LEDs
. V
overhead
is typical value for 75% I
reg(SS)
.
I
reg(P)
non−repetitive pulse test. Pulse width t
≤
300
msec.
f = 1 MHz, 0.02 V RMS.
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic
Total Device Dissipation (Note 5) T
A
= 25°C
Derate above 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient (Note 5)
Thermal Reference, Lead−to−Ambient (Note 5)
Thermal Reference, Junction−to−Cathode Lead (Note 5)
Total Device Dissipation (Note 6) T
A
= 25°C
Derate above 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient (Note 6)
Thermal Reference, Lead−to−Ambient (Note 6)
Thermal Reference, Junction−to−Cathode Lead (Note 6)
Total Device Dissipation (Note 7) T
A
= 25°C
Derate above 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient (Note 7)
Thermal Reference, Lead−to−Ambient (Note 7)
Thermal Reference, Junction−to−Cathode Lead (Note 7)
Total Device Dissipation (Note 8) T
A
= 25°C
Derate above 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient (Note 8)
Thermal Reference, Lead−to−Ambient (Note 8)
Thermal Reference, Junction−to−Cathode Lead (Note 8)
Total Device Dissipation (Note 9) T
A
= 25°C
Derate above 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient (Note 9)
Thermal Reference, Lead−to−Ambient (Note 9)
Thermal Reference, Junction−to−Cathode Lead (Note 9)
Total Device Dissipation (Note 10) T
A
= 25°C
Derate above 25°C
Thermal Resistance, Junction−to−Ambient (Note 10)
Thermal Reference, Lead−to−Ambient (Note 10)
Thermal Reference, Junction−to−Cathode Lead (Note 10)
Junction and Storage Temperature Range
Symbol
P
D
R
θ
JA
R
ψ
LA
R
ψ
JL
P
D
R
θ
JA
R
ψ
LA
R
ψ
JL
P
D
R
θ
JA
R
ψ
LA
R
ψ
JL
P
D
R
θ
JA
R
ψ
LA
R
ψ
JL
P
D
R
θ
JA
R
ψ
LA
R
ψ
JL
P
D
R
θ
JA
R
ψ
LA
R
ψ
JL
T
J
, T
stg
Max
208
1.66
600
404
196
227
1.8
550
390
160
347
2.8
360
200
160
368
2.9
340
208
132
436
3.5
287
139
148
463
3.7
270
150
120
−55 to +150
Unit
mW
mW/°C
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
mW
mW/°C
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
mW
mW/°C
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
mW
mW/°C
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
mW
mW/°C
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
mW
mW/°C
°C/W
°C/W
°C/W
°C
5. FR−4 @ 100 mm
2
, 1 oz. copper traces, still air.
6. FR−4 @ 100 mm
2
, 2 oz. copper traces, still air.
7. FR−4 @ 300 mm
2
, 1 oz. copper traces, still air.
8. FR−4 @ 300 mm
2
, 2 oz. copper traces, still air.
9. FR−4 @ 500 mm
2
, 1 oz. copper traces, still air.
10. FR−4 @ 500 mm
2
, 2 oz. copper traces, still air.
NOTE: Lead measurements are made by non−contact methods such as IR with treated surface to increase emissivity to 0.9.
Lead temperature measurement by attaching a T/C may yield values as high as 30% higher
°C/W
values based upon empirical
measurements and method of attachment.
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2
NSI45030A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES
Minimum FR−4 @ 300 mm
2
1 oz Copper Trace, Still Air
I
reg(SS)
, STEADY STATE CURRENT (mA)
60
I
reg
, CURRENT REGULATION (mA)
50
40
30
20
10
0
VR
−10
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
40
T
A
= −40°C
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
1
2
3
4
DC Test Steady State, Still Air
5
6
7
8
9
10
T
A
= 25°C
T
A
= 85°C
[
−0.073 mA/°C
typ @ Vak = 7.5 V
[
−0.059 mA/°C
typ @ Vak = 7.5 V
Vak, ANODE−CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)
Vak, ANODE−CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 1. General Performance Curve for CCR
I
reg(SS)
, STEADY STATE CURRENT (mA)
38
I
reg(P)
, PULSE CURRENT (mA)
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
Non−Repetitive Pulse Test
30
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10
T
A
= 25°C
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
32
Figure 2. Steady State Current (I
reg(SS)
) vs.
Anode−Cathode Voltage (Vak)
Vak @ 7.5 V
T
A
= 25°C
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Vak, ANODE−CATHODE VOLTAGE (V)
I
reg(P)
, PULSE CURRENT (mA)
Figure 3. Pulse Current (I
reg(P)
) vs.
Anode−Cathode Voltage (Vak)
37
I
reg
, CURRENT REGULATION (mA)
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
TIME (s)
P
D
, POWER DISSIPATION (mW)
Vak @ 7.5 V
T
A
= 25°C
800
700
600
Figure 4. Steady State Current vs. Pulse
Current Testing
500 mm
2
/2 oz
500 mm
2
/1 oz
500
300 mm
2
/2 oz
2
400 300 mm /1 oz
100 mm
2
/2 oz
100 mm
2
/1 oz
300
200
100
−40
−20
0
20
40
60
80
T
A
, AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 5. Current Regulation vs. Time
Figure 6. Power Dissipation vs. Ambient
Temperature @ T
J
= 1505C
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3
NSI45030A
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
The CCR is a self biased transistor designed to regulate the
current through itself and any devices in series with it. The
device has a slight negative temperature coefficient, as
shown in Figure 2 – Tri Temp. (i.e. if the temperature
increases the current will decrease). This negative
temperature coefficient will protect the LEDS by reducing
the current as temperature rises.
The CCR turns on immediately and is typically at 20% of
regulation with only 0.5 V across it.
The device is capable of handling voltage for short
durations of up to 45 V so long as the die temperature does
not exceed 150°C. The determination will depend on the
thermal pad it is mounted on, the ambient temperature, the
pulse duration, pulse shape and repetition.
Single LED String
The CCR can be placed in series with LEDs as a High Side
or a Low Side Driver. The number of the LEDs can vary
from one to an unlimited number. The designer needs to
calculate the maximum voltage across the CCR by taking the
maximum input voltage less the voltage across the LED
string (Figures 7 and 8).
Figure 8.
Higher Current LED Strings
Two or more fixed current CCRs can be connected in
parallel. The current through them is additive (Figure 9).
Figure 7.
Figure 9.
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4
NSI45030A
Other Currents
The adjustable CCR can be placed in parallel with any
other CCR to obtain a desired current. The adjustable CCR
provides the ability to adjust the current as LED efficiency
increases to obtain the same light output (Figure 10).
the human eye will detect a flicker from the light emitted
from the LEDs. Between 500 Hz and 20 kHz the circuit may
generate audible sound. Dimming is achieved by turning the
LEDs on and off for a portion of a single cycle. This on/off
cycle is called the Duty cycle (D) and is expressed by the
amount of time the LEDs are on (Ton) divided by the total
time of an on/off cycle (Ts) (Figure 12).
Figure 12.
The current through the LEDs is constant during the period
they are turned on resulting in the light being consistent with
no shift in chromaticity (color). The brightness is in proportion
to the percentage of time that the LEDs are turned on.
Figure 13 is a typical response of Luminance vs Duty Cycle.
Figure 10.
6000
5000
ILLUMINANCE (lx)
4000
3000
Dimming using PWM
The dimming of an LED string can be easily achieved by
placing a BJT in series with the CCR (Figure 11).
2000
1000
0
0
Lux
Linear
10
20
30
40 50
60 70
DUTY CYCLE (%)
80
90 100
Figure 13. Luminous Emmitance vs. Duty Cycle
Reducing EMI
Figure 11.
The method of pulsing the current through the LEDs is
known as Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and has become
the preferred method of changing the light level. LEDs being
a silicon device, turn on and off rapidly in response to the
current through them being turned on and off. The switching
time is in the order of 100 nanoseconds, this equates to a
maximum frequency of 10 Mhz, and applications will
typically operate from a 100 Hz to 100 kHz. Below 100 Hz
Designers creating circuits switching medium to high
currents need to be concerned about Electromagnetic
Interference (EMI). The LEDs and the CCR switch
extremely fast, less than 100 nanoseconds. To help eliminate
EMI, a capacitor can be added to the circuit across R2.
(Figure 11) This will cause the slope on the rising and falling
edge on the current through the circuit to be extended. The
slope of the CCR on/off current can be controlled by the
values of R1 and C1.
The selected delay / slope will impact the frequency that
is selected to operate the dimming circuit. The longer the
delay, the lower the frequency will be. The delay time should
not be less than a 10:1 ratio of the minimum on time. The
frequency is also impacted by the resolution and dimming
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