19-2728; Rev 0; 1/03
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
General Description
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 low-cost, fully inte-
grated vector multipliers alter the magnitude and phase
of an RF signal. Each device is optimized for the UMTS
(MAX2045), DCS/PCS (MAX2046), or cellular/GSM
(MAX2047) frequency bands. These devices feature
differential RF inputs and outputs.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 provide vector
adjustment through the differential I/Q amplifiers. The
I/Q amplifiers can interface with voltage and/or current
digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The voltage inputs
are designed to interface to a voltage-mode DAC, while
the current inputs are designed to interface to a current-
mode DAC. An internal 2.5V reference voltage is provid-
ed for applications using single-ended voltage DACs.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 operate from a 4.75V
to 5.25V single supply. All devices are offered in a com-
pact 5mm
✕
5mm, 32-lead thin QFN exposed-paddle
packages.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 evaluation kits are
available, contact factory for availability.
Features
o
Multiple RF Frequency Bands of Operation
2040MHz to 2240MHz (MAX2045)
1740MHz to 2060MHz (MAX2046)
790MHz to 1005MHz (MAX2047)
o
±0.2dB Gain Flatness
o
±1° Phase Flatness
o
3dB Control Bandwidth: 260MHz
o
15dBm Input IP3
o
15dB Gain Control Range
o
Continuous 360° Phase Control Range
o
6.5dB Maximum Gain for Continuous Phase
o
On-Chip Reference for Single-Ended
Voltage-Mode Operation
o
800mW Power Consumption
o
Space-Saving 5mm x 5mm Thin QFN Package
o
Single 5V supply
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
Applications
UMTS/PCS/DCS/Cellular/GSM Base Station
Feed-Forward and Predistortion Power Amplifiers
RF Magnitude and Phase Adjustment
RF Cancellation Loops
Beam-Forming Applications
Pin Configuration/Block Diagram
RFIN2
RFIN1
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
26
GND
25
32
31
30
29
28
VI1
VI2
VQ1
27
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
9
2.5V
REFERENCE
OUTPUT
STAGE
CONTROL
AMPLIFIER I
90°
PHASE
SHIFTER
24
23
22
GND
GND
RBIAS
GND
GND
GND
V
CC
V
CC
Ordering Information
PART
MAX2045ETJ-T
MAX2046ETJ-T
TEMP RANGE
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
32 Thin QFN-EP*
32 Thin QFN-EP*
32 Thin QFN-EP*
VQ2
II1
II2
IQ1
IQ2
MAX2045
MAX2046
MAX2047
CONTROL
AMPLIFIER Q
21
VECTOR
MULTIPLIER
20
19
18
17
MAX2047ETJ-T
-40°C to +85°C
*EP
= Exposed paddle.
REFOUT
GND
GND
RFOUT1
RFOUT2
GND
GND
QFN
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
GND
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
V
CC
to GND .............................................................-0.3V to +6V
VI1, V12, VQ1, VQ2, RFIN1, RFIN2,
RFOUT1, RFOUT2 ....................................-0.3V to V
CC
+ 0.3V
RFOUT1, RFOUT2 Sink Current..........................................35mA
REFOUT Source Current.......................................................4mA
II1, II2, IQ1, IQ2 ........................................................-0.3V to +1V
II1, II2, IQ1, IQ2 Sink Current ...........................................+10mA
Continuous RF Input Power (CW)...................................+15dBm
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
32-Pin Thin QFN (derate 21.3mW/°C above +70°C) .......1.7W
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-40°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical
Operating Circuit
as shown in Figure 1; V
CC
= 4.75V to 5.25V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, no RF inputs applied, RF
input and output ports are terminated with 50Ω. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
Supply Voltage Range
Operating Supply Current
Differential Input Resistance,
VI1 to VI2, VQ1 to VQ2
Common-Mode Input Voltage,
VI1, VI2, VQ1, VQ2
Input Resistance, II1, II2, IQ1,
IQ2
Reference Voltage
V
REFOUT
V
CM
Single-ended resistance to ground
REFOUT unloaded
150
2.3
SYMBOL
V
CC
MAX2045
I
CC
MAX2046
MAX2047
Input resistance between VI1 and VI2 or
VQ1 and VQ2
CONDITIONS
MIN
4.75
120
120
120
6.5
TYP
5
160
160
160
9
2.5
200
2.45
250
2.6
MAX
5.25
200
200
200
11.5
kΩ
V
Ω
V
mA
UNITS
V
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical
Operating Circuit
as shown in Figure 1; V
CC
= 4.75V to 5.25V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, f
IN
= 2.14GHz
(MAX2045), f
IN
= 1.9GHz (MAX2046), f
IN
= 915MHz (MAX2047), input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and
differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs
are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and T
A
=
+25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER
RF Differential Input Impedance
RF Differential Output Impedance
RF Differential Load Impedance
Continuous Phase Range
0
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
50
300
200
360
MAX
UNITS
Ω
Ω
Ω
Degrees
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
MAX2045 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical
Operating Circuit
as shown in Figure 1; V
CC
= 4.75V to 5.25V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, f
IN
= 2.14GHz, input cur-
rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER
Frequency Range
RF Input Return Loss
RF Output Return Loss
VOLTAGE MODE
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
Power Gain
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V)
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V)
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V)
Power-Gain Range
Reverse Isolation
Maximum Power Gain for
Continuous Coverage of Phase
Change
Maximum Power Gain with
Reduced Phase Coverage
Group Delay
Gain Drift Over Temperature
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
Difference in gain between VI = VQ = 0.707V and
VI = VQ = 0.125V
Over entire control range
0 to 360° (radius = 1V)
7
3.4
-3
-8.7
15.7
-74
6.1
dB
dB
dB
dB
CONDITIONS
MIN
2040
-14
-16.4
TYP
MAX
2240
UNITS
MHz
dB
dB
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
0 to 360° (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V); UMTS,
f
IN
= 2140MHz
±100MHz
Electrical delay removed, VI = VQ = 0.707V
(radius = 1V), UMTS, f
IN
= 2140MHz ±100MHz
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V)
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V)
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V)
7
1.38
-0.027
±0.21
±0.2
-147.7
-148.3
-148.2
-148.1
6.7
9.3
15.2
14.7
dB
ns
dB/°C
dB
Degrees
Output Noise Power
dBm/Hz
IP1dB
IIP3
dBm
dBm
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
MAX2045 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Typical
Operating Circuit
as shown in Figure 1; V
CC
= 4.75V to 5.25V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, f
IN
= 2.14GHz, input cur-
rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER
CURRENT MODE
Power Gain (Note 4)
Power-Gain Range
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
Difference in gain between II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =
0mA and II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA; UMTS,
f
IN
= 2140MHz
±100MHz
Electrical delay removed, II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,
II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
6.2
-8.7
14.9
±0.27
±0.8
dB
dB
dB
Degrees
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
MAX2046 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical
Operating Circuit
as shown in Figure 1; V
CC
= 4.75V to 5.25V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, f
IN
= 1.9GHz, input cur-
rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER
Frequency Range
RF Input Return Loss
RF Output Return Loss
VOLTAGE MODE
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
Power Gain
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V)
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V)
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V)
Power-Gain Range
Reverse Isolation
Maximum Power Gain for
Continuous Coverage of Phase
Change
Maximum Power Gain with
Reduced Phase Coverage
Group Delay
Gain Drift Over Temperature
Difference in gain between VI = VQ = 0.707V and
VI = VQ = 0.125V
Over entire control range
0 to 360° (radius = 1V)
7.4
3.8
-2.5
-8.2
15.6
-76
6.5
dB
dB
dB
dB
CONDITIONS
MIN
1740
-21.1
-21.7
TYP
MAX
2060
UNITS
MHz
dB
dB
0 to 360° (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V
(radius = 1V)
PCS, f
IN
= 1960MHz
±100MHz
DCS, f
IN
= 1842.5MHz
±100MHz
7.4
1.54
-0.026
±0.14
dB
ns
dB/°C
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
dB
±0.3
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
MAX2046 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(Typical
Operating Circuit
as shown in Figure 1; V
CC
= 4.75V to 5.25V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, R
BIAS
= 280Ω, f
IN
= 1.9GHz, input cur-
rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode
DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs
are left open. Typical values are at V
CC
= 5V and T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
PCS, f
IN
= 1960MHz
±100MHz
MIN
TYP
±1.3
Degrees
±1.2
-146.8
-147.4
-147.4
-147.3
6.5
9.1
15.2
14.8
6.6
-8.2
14.8
±0.14
dB
±0.33
±0.8
Degrees
±1.6
dBm
dBm
dBm/Hz
MAX
UNITS
MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
Electrical delay removed,
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) DCS, f
IN
= 1842.5MHz
±100MHz
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V)
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V)
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V)
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V)
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V)
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
Difference in gain between II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =
0mA and II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
PCS, f
IN
= 1960MHz
±100MHz
DCS, f
IN
= 1842.5MHz
±100MHz
PCS, f
IN
= 1960MHz
±100MHz
DCS, f
IN
= 1842.5MHz
±100MHz
Output Noise Power
IP1dB
IIP3
CURRENT MODE
Power Gain (Note 4)
Power-Gain Range
dB
dB
Gain Flatness Over Frequency
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =
0mA
Phase Flatness Over Frequency
Electrical delay removed,
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,
II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5