19-4087; Rev 0; 5/08
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
General Description
The MAX5927A/MAX5929A–MAX5929D +1V to +15V
quad hot-swap controllers provide complete protection
for multisupply systems. They allow the safe insertion
and removal of circuit cards into live backplanes. These
devices hot swap multiple supplies ranging from +1V to
+15V, provided one supply is at or above +2.7V. The
input voltage rails (channels) can be configured to
sequentially turn-on/off, track each other, or have com-
pletely independent operation.
The discharged filter capacitors of the circuit card provide
low impedance to the live backplane. High inrush currents
from the backplane to the circuit card can burn up connec-
tors and components, or momentarily collapse the back-
plane power supply leading to a system reset. The
MAX5927A/MAX5929A–MAX5929D hot-swap controllers
prevent such problems by gradually ramping up the output
voltage and regulating the current to a preset limit when the
board is plugged in, allowing the system to stabilize safely.
After the startup cycle is complete, on-chip comparators
provide VariableSpeed/BiLevel™ protection against short-
circuit and overcurrent faults, and provide immunity against
system noise and load transients. The load is disconnected
in the event of a fault condition. The MAX5929C/
MAX5929D automatically restart after a fault condition,
while the MAX5929A/MAX5929B must be unlatched. The
MAX5927A fault management mode is selectable.
The MAX5927A/MAX5929A–MAX5929D offer a variety of
options to reduce external component count and design
time. All devices integrate an on-board charge pump to
drive the gates of low-cost external n-channel MOSFETs,
an adjustable startup timer, and an adjustable current
limit. The devices offer integrated features like startup
current regulation and current glitch protection to elimi-
nate external timing resistors and capacitors. The
MAX5929B/MAX5929D provide an open-drain, active-low
status output for each channel, the MAX5929A/
MAX5929C provide an open-drain, active-high status out-
put for each channel, and the MAX5927A status output
polarity is selectable.
The MAX5927A is available in a 32-pin thin QFN package
and the MAX5929A–MAX5929D are available in a 24-pin
QSOP package. All devices are specified over the -40°C
to +85°C extended temperature range.
Features
o
Safe Hot Swap for +1V to +15V Power Supplies
with Any Input Voltage (V
IN_
≥
2.7V)
o
Adjustable Circuit-Breaker/Current-Limit
Threshold from 25mV to 100mV
o
Configurable Tracking, Sequencing, or
Independent Operation Modes
o
VariableSpeed/BiLevel Circuit-Breaker Response
o
Internal Charge Pumps Generate n-Channel
MOSFET Gate Drives
o
Inrush Current Regulated at Startup
o
Autoretry or Latched Fault Management
o
Programmable Undervoltage Lockout
o
Status Outputs Indicate Fault/Safe Condition
MAX5927A/MAX5929A–MAX5929D
Ordering Information
PART
MAX5927AETJ+
MAX5929AEEG+
MAX5929BEEG+
MAX5929CEEG+
MAX5929DEEG+
TEMP RANGE
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
32 Thin QFN-EP*
24 QSOP
24 QSOP
24 QSOP
24 QSOP
*EP
= Exposed pad.
+Denotes
a lead-free/RoHS-compliant package.
Selector Guide and Typical Operating Circuit appear at end
of data sheet.
Pin Configurations
LIM1
MODE
ON1
ON2
ON3
TOP VIEW
+
IN1
SENSE1
GATE1
LIM4
IN4
SENSE4
GATE4
STAT1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
ON4
POL
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
LIM2
IN2
SENSE2
GATE2
LIM3
N.C.
IN3
SENSE3
GATE3
MAX5927A
20
19
18
17
Applications
PCI Express
®
Hot Plug
Basestation Line Cards
Hot Plug-In Daughter Cards Portable Computer Device
Bays (Docking Stations)
RAID
Network Switches, Routers,
Power-Supply
Hubs
Sequencing/Tracking
VariableSpeed/BiLevel is a trademark of Maxim Integrated
Products, Inc.
PCI Express is a registered trademark of PCI-SIG Corp. trademark
10
11
12
13
14
STAT2
TIM
STAT4
LATCH
STAT3
BIAS
15
THIN QFN
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
1
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
GND
N.C.
16
9
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
MAX5927A/MAX5929A–MAX5929D
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(All voltages referenced to GND, unless otherwise noted.)
IN_ ..........................................................................-0.3V to +16V
GATE_.............................................................-0.3V to (IN_ + 6V)
BIAS (Note 1) .............................................. (V
IN
- 0.3V) to +16V
ON_, STAT_, LIM_ (MAX5927A), TIM, MODE,
LATCH (MAX5927A), POL (MAX5927A)
(Note 1) .....................................................-0.3V to (V
IN
+ 0.3V)
SENSE_........................................................-0.3V to (IN_ + 0.3V)
Current into Any Pin..........................................................±50mA
Note 1:
V
IN
is the largest of V
IN1
, V
IN2
, V
IN3
, and V
IN4
.
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
24-Pin QSOP (derate 9.5mW/°C above +70°C)............762mW
32-Pin Thin QFN (derate 21.3mW/°C above +70°C) ..1702mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature .....................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
IN_
= +1V to +15V provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
POWER SUPPLIES
IN_ Input Voltage Range
Supply Current
CURRENT CONTROL
Slow-Comparator Threshold
(V
IN_
- V
SENSE_
)
(Note 3)
LIM_ = GND, MAX5927A/
MAX5929A–MAX5929D (Note 4)
R
LIM_
= 10kΩ (MAX5927A)
R
LIM_
from LIM_ to GND (MAX5927A)
t
SCD
V
FC,TH
t
FCD
I
B SENSE_
10mV overdrive, from overload condition
V
SENSE_
= V
IN_
1mV overdrive
50mV overdrive
22.5
80
R
LIM_
x 7.5 x
10
-6
+ 25mV
3
130
2x
V
SC,TH
200
0.03
1
ms
µs
mV
ns
µA
25
28
125
mV
V
IN_
I
Q
At least one V
IN_
I
IN1
+ I
IN2
+ I
IN3
+ I
IN4
, V
ON_
= 2.7V,
V
IN_
= +15V, after STAT_ asserts
1.0
2.5
15
5
V
mA
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
V
SC,TH
Slow-Comparator Response Time
(Note 4)
Fast-Comparator Threshold
(V
IN_
- V
SENSE_
)
Fast-Comparator Response Time
SENSE_ Input Bias Current
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN_
= +1V to +15V provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
MOSFET DRIVER
R
TIM
= 100kΩ
Startup Period (Note 5)
t
START
R
TIM
= 4kΩ (minimum value)
TIM floating (default)
Charging, V
GATE_
= GND, V
IN_
= 5V
(Note 6)
Discharging, during startup
Average Gate Current
I
GATE
Discharging, normal turn-off or triggered by
the slow comparator after startup,
V
GATE_
= 5V, V
IN_
= 10V, V
ON_
= 0V
Discharging, triggered by a fault after
startup, V
GATE_
= 5V, V
IN_
= 10V,
(V
IN_
- V
SENSE_
) > V
FC,TH
(Note 7)
Gate-Drive Voltage
ON COMPARATOR
ON_ Threshold
ON_ Propagation Delay
ON_ Voltage Range
ON_ Input Bias Current
ON_ Pulse Width Low
DIGITAL OUTPUTS (STAT_)
Output Leakage Current
Output Voltage Low
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO)
UVLO Threshold
UVLO Hysteresis
UVLO Glitch Filter Reset Time
UVLO to Startup Delay
Input Power-Ready Threshold
Input Power-Ready Hysteresis
V
UVLO
V
UVLO,HYST
t
D, GF
t
D,UVLO
V
PWRRDY
V
PWRHYST
V
IN
< V
UVLO
maximum pulse width to reset
Time input voltage must exceed V
UVLO
before startup is initiated
(Note 9)
20
0.9
37.5
0.95
50
Startup is initiated when this threshold is
reached by any V
IN_
and V
ON_
> 0.9V
(Note 8)
2.25
250
10
60
1.0
2.65
V
mV
µs
ms
V
mV
V
OL_
V
STAT_
≤
15V
POL = unconnected (MAX5927A),
I
SINK
= 1mA
1
0.4
µA
V
V
ON_
I
BON_
t
UNLATCH
V
ON_,TH
Low to high
Hysteresis
10mV overdrive
Without false output inversion
V
ON_
= V
IN
To unlatch after a latched fault
100
0.03
0.83
0.875
25
10
V
IN
1
0.90
V
mV
µs
V
µA
µs
V
DRIVE
V
GATE_
- V
IN_
, I
GATE_
= 1µA
2
8.0
0.30
5
80
10.8
0.4
9
100
100
3
7
mA
28
4.9
50
5.3
120
5.6
V
13.6
0.55
14
125
µA
ms
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
MAX5927A/MAX5929A–MAX5929D
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
MAX5927A/MAX5929A–MAX5929D
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN_
= +1V to +15V provided at least one supply is larger than or equal to +2.7V, T
A
= -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at V
IN1
= 12.0V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, V
ON_
= +3.3V, and T
A
= +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
LOGIC AND TIMING
POL Input Pullup
LATCH Input Pullup
MODE Input Voltage
Independent Mode Selection
Threshold
Tracking Mode Selection
Threshold
MODE Input Impedance
Autoretry Delay
I
POL
I
LATCH
V
MODE
V
INDEP, TH
POL = GND (MAX5927A)
LATCH = GND (MAX5927A)
MODE unconnected (default to sequencing
mode)
V
MODE
rising
2.7
200
Delay time to restart after fault shutdown
64 x
t
START
2
2
1.0
4
4
1.25
6
6
1.5
0.4
µA
µA
V
V
V
kΩ
ms
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
V
TRACK, TH
V
MODE
rising
R
MODE
t
RETRY
Note 2:
All devices are 100% tested at T
A
= +85°C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design.
Note 3:
The slow-comparator threshold is adjustable. V
SC,TH
= R
LIM
x 7.5µA + 25mV (see the
Typical Operating Characteristics).
Note 4:
The current-limit slow-comparator response time is weighed against the amount of overcurrent—the higher the overcurrent
condition, the faster the response time (see the
Typical Operating Characteristics).
Note 5:
The startup period (t
START
) is the time during which the slow comparator is ignored and the device acts as a current limiter
by regulating the sense current with the fast comparator (see the
Startup Period
section).
Note 6:
The current available at GATE is a function of V
GATE
(see the
Typical Operating Characteristics).
Note 7:
After a fault triggered by the fast comparator, the gate is discharged by the strong discharge current.
Note 8:
Each channel input while the other inputs are at +1V.
Note 9:
Each channel input while any other input is at +3.3V.
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical
Operating Circuit,
Q1 = Q2 = Q3 = Q4 = Fairchild FDB7090L, V
IN1
= 12V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, T
A
=
+25°C, unless otherwise noted. Channels 1 through 4 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable,
channels 1 through 4 are referred to as W, X, Y, and Z.)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5927A toc01
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5927A toc02
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
V
ON_
= V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INW
= 2.8V
I
INW
+ I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
2.0
I
IN
(mA)
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
I
INW
MAX5927A toc03
4
V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
3
I
IN
(mA)
5.0
4.5
4.0
I
IN
(mA)
3.5
3.0
2.5
V
ON
= 0V
I
IN
= I
IN1
+ I
IN2
+ I
IN3
+ I
IN4
V
IN
= V
INW
= V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
V
ON
= V
ON1
= V
ON2
= V
ON3
= V
ON4
3.0
2.5
I
INW
+ I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
I
INW
2
1
I
INX
+ I
INY
+ I
INZ
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
V
INW
(V)
2.0
1.5
1.0
2
4
V
ON
= 3.3V
6
8
V
IN
(V)
10
12
14
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage, Quad, Hot-Swap
Controllers/Power Sequencers
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical
Operating Circuit,
Q1 = Q2 = Q3 = Q4 = Fairchild FDB7090L, V
IN1
= 12V, V
IN2
= 5.0V, V
IN3
= 3.3V, V
IN4
= 1.0V, T
A
=
+25°C, unless otherwise noted. Channels 1 through 4 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable,
channels 1 through 4 are referred to as W, X, Y, and Z.)
GATE-DRIVE VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5927A toc04
MAX5927A/MAX5929A–MAX5929D
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
V
ONW
= V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INW
= 13.2V
V
INW
= 5V
90
MAX5927A toc05
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
V
INW
= 13.2V
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (μA)
160
MAX5927A toc06
8
V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
6
V
DRIVEW
(V)
150
200
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (μA)
120
120
V
INW
= 5V
80
4
60
V
INW
= 1V
30
2
40
V
ONW
= V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
GATEW
= 0V
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
V
INW
(V)
0
0
5
10
V
GATEW
(V)
15
20
0
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (NORMAL)
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
MAX5927A toc07
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (NORMAL)
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5927A toc08
TURN-OFF TIME
vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
MAX5927A toc09
6
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
6
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
5
4
3
V
INW
= 3.3V
2
1
0
V
INW
= 5V
V
ONW
= 0V
V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INW
= 13.2V
V
ONW
= 0V
V
INX
= V
INY
= V
INZ
= 2.7V
V
INW
= 13.2V
10
1
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
0.1
SLOW-COMPARATOR
THRESHOLD
FAST-COMPARATOR
THRESHOLD
V
INW
= 5V
V
INW
= 3.3V
0.01
0.001
V
INW
= 1V
0.0001
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
0
25
50
V
INW
= 1V
4
8
12
16
20
75
100
125
V
GATEW
(V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
V
INW
- V
SENSEW
(mV)
TURN-OFF TIME vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
(EXPANDED SCALE)
MAX5927A toc10
SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD
vs. R
LIMW
MAX5927A toc11
STARTUP PERIOD
vs. R
TIM
MAX5927A toc12
10
120
100
80
V
SC,TH
(mV)
60
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
40
t
START
(ms)
20
0
0
2
6
R
LIMW
(kΩ)
4
8
10
0
100
200
300
R
TIM
(kΩ)
400
500
1
60
40
20
SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD
0.1
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
V
INW
- V
SENSEW
(mV)
0
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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