19-5346; Rev 3/11
A Maxim Integrated Products Brand
78M6618
Octal Power and
Energy Measurement IC
DATA SHEET
March 2011
DS_6618_005
DESCRIPTION
The Teridian 78M6618 is a highly integrated IC for
independent monitoring and measurement of up to eight
single-phase AC outlets. With multiple host interface options,
an integrated LCD driver, and configurable I/Os, the device is
ideal for metered power distribution units (PDUs) and rack
enclosures for the data center, as well as intelligent power
strips and subpanels in the grid-friendly digital home.
At the measurement interface, the device provides 10 analog
inputs for interfacing to voltage and current sensors. Scaled
voltages from the sensors are fed to our Single Converter
Technology
®
that uses a 21-bit delta-sigma ADC, independent
32-bit compute engine (CE), digital temperature compensation,
and precision voltage references to provide better than 0.5%
accuracy over a wide 2000:1 dynamic range.
FEATURES
< 0.5% Wh Accuracy Over Wide 2000:1
Current Range and Over Temperature
Exceeds IEC 62053/ANSI C12.20 Standards
Voltage Reference < 40ppm/°C
10 Sensor Inputs—V3P3 Referenced
21-Bit Delta-Sigma ADC with Independent
32-Bit Compute Engine (CE)
8-Bit MPU (80515), One Clock Cycle per
Instruction with 4KB MPU XRAM
128KB Flash with Security
Integrated ICE for MPU Debug
32kHz Time Base with Hardware Watchdog
Timer
UART and
High-Speed Slave SPI Host Interface
Options
Up to 19 General-Purpose 5V Tolerant I/O Pins
LCD Driver (Up to 70 Pixels)
The integrated MPU core and 128KB of flash memory provides
a flexible means of configuration, postprocessing, data
formatting, interfacing to host processor through a UART or
SPI™ interface, displaying output data to an LCD, or using
DIO pins for intelligent relay control. Complete firmware for
common applications is available from Teridian and can be
loaded into the IC during manufacturing test. Alternatively, a
Packaged in a Lead(Pb)-Free/RoHS-Compliant
(6/6) 68-Pin QFN
complete array of ICE, development tools, and programming
libraries are available to allow customization MPU code for
Robust Sub-Metering Application Firmware:
each application.
o
True RMS Calculations for Current, Voltage,
Line Frequency, Real Power, Reactive
Power, Apparent Power, and Power Factor
o
Accumulated Watt-Hours, Kilowatt-Hours,
and Cost
o
Intelligent Switch Control at Zero Crossings
o
Digital Temperature Compensation
o
Phase Compensation (15)
o
Quick Calibration Routines
o
46-64Hz Line Frequency Range with Same
Calibration
o
Programmable Alarm Thresholds
o
High-Level UART Communication Protocols
o
High-Level SPI Communication Protocols
Single Converter Technology is a registered trademark of
Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
SPI is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.
Rev. 1.4
© 2011 Teridian Semiconductor Corporation
1
78M6618 Data Sheet
DS_6618_005
Table of Contents
1
Hardware Functional Description...................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Hardware Overview ..................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Device Reset ................................................................................................................................ 7
1.3 Power Management ..................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.1 Voltage Regulator ............................................................................................................ 7
1.3.2 Power Fault Management................................................................................................ 7
1.3.3 BROWNOUT.................................................................................................................... 7
1.3.4 SLEEP mode ................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 Analog Front End (AFE)............................................................................................................... 7
1.4.1 Analog Current and Voltage Inputs ................................................................................. 8
1.5 Digital Computation Engine (CE) ................................................................................................. 8
1.6 80515 MPU Core ......................................................................................................................... 8
1.6.1 SFR .................................................................................................................................. 9
1.7 XRAM ........................................................................................................................................... 9
1.8 IORAM ......................................................................................................................................... 9
1.9 FLASH.......................................................................................................................................... 9
1.9.1 Program Security ............................................................................................................. 9
1.10 Oscillator ...................................................................................................................................... 9
1.11 PLL and Internal Clock Generation.............................................................................................. 9
1.12 Real-Time Clock (RTC).............................................................................................................. 10
1.13 Hardware Watchdog Timer ........................................................................................................ 10
1.14 Temperature Sensor .................................................................................................................. 10
1.15 General Purpose Digital I/O ....................................................................................................... 10
1.16 LCD Drivers ............................................................................................................................... 11
1.17 EEPROM Interface .................................................................................................................... 11
1.18 SPI Slave Port ............................................................................................................................ 11
1.19 Test Port..................................................................................................................................... 12
1.20 UARTs........................................................................................................................................ 13
1.20.1 UART1 (OPT_TX/OPT_RX) .......................................................................................... 13
1.21 In Circuit Emulator (ICE) Port .................................................................................................... 13
Electrical Specifications................................................................................................................... 14
2.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ....................................................................................................... 14
2.2 Recommended External Components ....................................................................................... 15
2.3 Recommended Operating Conditions........................................................................................ 15
2.4 Performance Specifications ....................................................................................................... 16
2.4.1 Input Logic Levels .......................................................................................................... 16
2.4.2 Output Logic Levels ....................................................................................................... 16
2.4.3 Power-Fault Comparator ............................................................................................... 16
2.4.4 Battery Monitor............................................................................................................... 17
2.4.5 Supply Current ............................................................................................................... 17
2.4.6 V3P3D Switch ................................................................................................................ 17
2.4.7 2.5 V Voltage Regulator................................................................................................. 18
2.4.8 Low-Power Voltage Regulator ....................................................................................... 18
2.4.9 Crystal Oscillator ............................................................................................................ 18
2.4.10 LCD DAC ....................................................................................................................... 18
2.4.11 LCD Drivers ................................................................................................................... 19
2.4.12 Optical Interface ............................................................................................................. 19
2.4.13 Temperature Sensor ...................................................................................................... 19
2.4.14 VREF ............................................................................................................................. 20
2.4.15 ADC Converter, V3P3A Referenced ............................................................................. 21
2.5 Timing Specifications ................................................................................................................. 22
2.5.1 Flash Memory ................................................................................................................ 22
2.5.2 EEPROM Interface ........................................................................................................ 22
2.5.3 RESET ........................................................................................................................... 22
2.5.4 RTC................................................................................................................................ 22
2.5.5 SPI Slave Port (MISSION Mode) ................................................................................... 23
Rev. 1.4
2
2
DS_6618_005
3
78M6618 Data Sheet
Packaging .......................................................................................................................................... 24
3.1 68-Pin QFN Package ................................................................................................................. 24
3.1.1 Pinout ............................................................................................................................. 24
3.1.2 68-Pin QFN Package Outline ........................................................................................ 25
3.1.3 Recommended PCB Land Pattern for the QFN-68 Package ........................................ 26
Pin Descriptions ................................................................................................................................ 27
4.1 Power and Ground Pins ............................................................................................................. 27
4.2 Analog Pins ................................................................................................................................ 27
4.3 Digital Pins ................................................................................................................................. 28
I/O Equivalent Circuits...................................................................................................................... 29
Ordering Information ........................................................................................................................ 30
Contact Information .......................................................................................................................... 30
Appendix A: Acronyms .................................................................................................................... 31
Revision History ................................................................................................................................ 32
4
5
6
7
8
9
Rev. 1.4
3
78M6618 Data Sheet
DS_6618_005
Figures
Figure 1: 78M6618 IC Functional Block Diagram ......................................................................................... 6
Figure 2: AFE Block Diagram ....................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 3: SPI Slave Port: Typical Read and Write Operations ................................................................... 12
Figure 4: SPI Slave Port (MISSION Mode) Timing ..................................................................................... 23
Figure 5: Pinout for QFN-68 Package......................................................................................................... 24
Figure 6: QFN-68 Package Outline (Top, Bottom, and Side View) ............................................................ 25
Figure 7: PCB Land Pattern for QFN 68 Package ...................................................................................... 26
Figure 8: I/O Equivalent Circuits ................................................................................................................. 29
Tables
Table 1: SPI Command Description ............................................................................................................ 12
Table 2: Absolute Maximum Ratings .......................................................................................................... 14
Table 3: Recommended External Components .......................................................................................... 15
Table 4: Recommended Operating Conditions ........................................................................................... 15
Table 5: Input Logic Levels ......................................................................................................................... 16
Table 6: Output Logic Levels ...................................................................................................................... 16
Table 7: Power-Fault Comparator Performance Specifications.................................................................. 16
Table 8: Battery Monitor Performance Specifications (BME= 1) ................................................................. 17
Table 9: Supply Current Performance Specifications ................................................................................. 17
Table 10: V3P3D Switch Performance Specifications ................................................................................ 17
Table 11: 2.5 V Voltage Regulator Performance Specifications ................................................................. 18
Table 12: Low-Power Voltage Regulator Performance Specifications ....................................................... 18
Table 13: Crystal Oscillator Performance Specifications ............................................................................ 18
Table 14: LCD DAC Performance Specifications ....................................................................................... 18
Table 15: LCD Driver Performance Specifications ..................................................................................... 19
Table 16: Optical Interface Performance Specifications ............................................................................. 19
Table 17: Temperature Sensor Performance Specifications ...................................................................... 19
Table 18: VREF Performance Specifications.............................................................................................. 20
Table 19: ADC Converter Performance Specifications ............................................................................... 21
Table 20: Flash Memory Timing Specifications .......................................................................................... 22
Table 21: EEPROM Interface Timing.......................................................................................................... 22
Table 22: RESET Timing ............................................................................................................................ 22
Table 23: RTC Range ................................................................................................................................. 22
Table 24: SPI Slave Port (MISSION Mode) Timing .................................................................................... 23
Table 25: Recommended PCB Land Pattern Dimensions.......................................................................... 26
Table 26: Power and Ground Pins .............................................................................................................. 27
Table 27: Analog Pins ................................................................................................................................. 27
Table 28: Digital Pins .................................................................................................................................. 28
Table 29: Ordering Information ................................................................................................................... 30
4
Rev. 1.4
DS_6618_005
78M6618 Data Sheet
1 Hardware Functional Description
1.1
Hardware Overview
The Teridian 78M6618 single-chip measurement and monitoring IC integrates all the primary AC
measurement and control blocks required to implement an 8-outlet single-phase PDU with per outlet
metering and intelligent relay control The 78M6618 includes:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
A ten-input analog front end (AFE)
An independent digital computation engine (CE)
An 8051-compatible microprocessor (MPU) which executes one instruction per clock cycle (80515)
A precision voltage reference
A temperature sensor
RAM and Flash memory
A variety of I/O pins
LCD drivers
Various current sensor technologies are supported including Current Transformers (CT), Resistive Shunts
and Rogowski coils.
In a sub-metering application, the 32-bit compute engine (CE) of the 78M6618 sequentially process the
samples from the analog inputs on pins IA, IB, IC, ID, IE, IF, IG, IH, VA, VB and performs calculations to
measure active energy (Wh) and reactive energy (VARh), as well as A
2
h and V
2
h for four-quadrant
measurement. These measurements are then accessed by the MPU, processed further, and output via
the peripheral devices available to the MPU.
In addition to the temperature-trimmed ultra-precision voltage reference, the on-chip digital temperature
compensation mechanism includes a temperature sensor and associated controls for correction of
undesirable temperature effects on measurement accuracy. Temperature-dependent external
components such as a crystal oscillator and current sensors can be characterized and their correction
factors can be programmed to produce measurements with exceptional accuracy over the industrial
temperature range.
A block diagram of the 78M6618 IC is shown in
Figure 1.
A detailed description of the various functional
blocks follows.
Rev. 1.4
5
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