19-1814; Rev 0; 11/00
DBS Direct Downconverter
General Description
The MAX2114 low-cost, direct-conversion tuner is
designed for use in digital direct-broadcast satellite
(DBS) television set-top box units. Its direct-conversion
architecture reduces system cost compared to devices
with IF-based architectures. The MAX2114 directly
tunes L-band signals to baseband using a broadband
I/Q downconverter. The operating frequency range
spans 925MHz to 2175MHz.
The MAX2114 includes a low-noise amplifier (LNA) with
gain control, I and Q downconverting mixers, lowpass
filters with gain and frequency control, a local oscillator
(LO) buffer with a 90° quadrature network, and a
charge-pump-based phase-locked loop (PLL) for fre-
quency control. The MAX2114 has an on-chip LO,
requiring only an external varactor-tuned LC tank for
operation. The LO’s output drives the internal quadra-
ture generator and has a buffer amplifier to drive off-
chip circuitry. The MAX2114 comes in a 44-pin QFN
package with exposed paddle (EP).
Features
o
Complete Low-Cost Solution for DBS Direct
Downconversion
o
High Level of Integration Minimizes Component
Count
o
1MBaud to 45MBaud Operation
o
Selectable LO Buffer
o
+5V Single-Supply Operation
o
925MHz to 2175MHz Input Frequency Range
o
On-Chip Quadrature Generator, Dual-Modulus
Prescaler (/32, /33)
o
On-Chip Crystal Oscillator Amplifier
o
PLL Phase Detector with Gain-Controlled Charge
Pump
o
Input Levels: -25dBm to -68dBm per Carrier
o
Over 50dB Gain Control Range
o
Noise Figure = 10.6dB; IIP3 = +10.7dBm
(at 1550MHz)
o
Automatic Baseband Offset Correction
MAX2114
Applications
U.S. DSS Set-Top Receivers
European DVB-Compliant
Systems
Cellular Base Stations
Wireless Local Loop
Broadband Systems
LMDS
Professional Receivers
VSAT
Microwave Links
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
LODIVSEL
V
CC
CP
FB
GND
V
CC
TANK+
VRLO
TANK-
LOBUF-/PSOUT-
LOBUF+/PSOUT+
Ordering Information
PART
MAX2114UGH
*Exposed
paddle
TEMP. RANGE
0°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
44 QFN-EP*
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
V
CC
CFLT
XTL-
XTL+
GND
V
CC
RFIN+
RFIN-
GND
QDC-
QDC+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
PLLIN-
PLLIN+
MOD-
MOD+
IOUT+
IOUT-
V
CC
QOUT+
QOUT-
RFBAND
FLCLK
MAX2114
Functional Diagram appears at end of data sheet.
IDC-
IDC+
LOBUFSEL
RFOUT
CPG1
V
CC
XTLOUT
CPG2
GC1
GC2
INSEL
QFN-EP
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
For price, delivery, and to place orders, please contact Maxim Distribution at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
DBS Direct Downconverter
MAX2114
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
V
CC
to GND ..............................................................-0.3V to +7V
All Other Pins to GND................................-0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
RFIN+ to RFIN-, TANK+ to TANK-,
IDC+ to IDC-, QDC+ to QDC- .........................................±2V
IOUT_, QOUT_ to GND Short-Circuit Duration .......................10s
LOBUF+/PSOUT+, LOBUF-/PSOUT- Short-Circuit Duration..10s
VRLO Short-Circuit Duration.....................................................0s
Continuous Current (any pin other than V
CC
or GND)........20mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
44-Pin QFN-EP (derate 27mW/°C above +70°C)............1.8W
Operating Temperature ..........................................0°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, V
FB
= +2.4V, C
IOUT_
= C
QOUT_
= 10pF, f
FLCLK
= 2MHz, RFIN_ = unconnected, R
IOUT_
= R
QOUT_
= 10kΩ,
V
LOBUFSEL
= +0.5V, V
RFBAND
= V
INSEL
= V
CPG1
= V
CPG2
= +2.4V, V
PLLIN+
= V
MOD+
= +1.3V, V
PLLIN-
= V
MOD-
= +1.1V, T
A
=
+25°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
Operating Supply Voltage
Operating Supply Current
Input Voltage High
Input Voltage Low
Input Current
RFBAND Input Current
SLEW-RATE-LIMITED DIGITAL INPUT
(f
FLCLK
)
FLCLK Input Voltage High
FLCLK Input Voltage Low
FLCLK Input Current (Note 1)
Common-Mode Input Voltage
Input Voltage Low
Input Voltage High
Input Current (Note 1)
DIFFERENTIAL DIGITAL OUTPUTS
(LOBUF+/PSOUT+, LOBUF-/PSOUT-)
Common-Mode Output Voltage
Output Voltage Low (Note 2)
Output Voltage High (Note 2)
FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER/LO BUFFER
(V
MOD+
- V
MOD-
)
≥
200mV, LOBUFSEL
≤
0.5V
Prescaler Ratio
(V
MOD+
- V
MOD-
)
≤
-200mV, LOBUFSEL
≤
0.5V
LOBUFSEL
≥
2.4V, LODIVSEL
≤
0.5V
LOBUFSEL
≥
2.4V, LODIVSEL
≥
2.4V
Reference Divider Ratio
XTLOUT Output DC Voltage
V
CPG1
≤
0.5V, V
CPG2
≤
0.5V
Charge-Pump Output High
Measured at FB
V
CPG1
≤
0.5V, V
CPG2
≥
2.4V
V
CPG1
≥
2.4V, V
CPG2
≤
0.5V
V
CPG1
≥
2.4V, V
CPG2
≥
2.4V
2
0.08
0.24
0.48
1.44
32
33
2
1
8
1.9
0.1
0.3
0.6
1.8
0.12
0.36
0.72
2.16
mA
32
33
2
1
8
V
V
CMO
Referenced to V
CMO
, LOBUFSEL
≤
0.5V
Referenced to V
CMO
, LOBUFSEL
≤
0.5V
150
2.16
2.4
2.64
-150
V
mV
mV
V
CMI
Referenced to V
CMI
Referenced to V
CMI
100
-5
5
R
SOURCE
= 50kΩ, V
FLCLK
= 1.65V
-1
1.08
1.2
DIFFERENTIAL DIGITAL INPUTS
(MOD+, MOD-, PLLIN+, PLLIN-)
1.32
-100
V
mV
mV
µA
1.85
1.45
1
V
V
µA
SYMBOL
V
CC
I
CC
V
IH
V
IL
I
IN
-15
-200
2.4
0.5
10
200
CONDITIONS
MIN
4.75
195
TYP
MAX
5.25
275
UNITS
V
mA
V
V
µA
µA
STANDARD DIGITAL INPUTS
(INSEL, CPG1, CPG2, LOBUFSEL, LODIVSEL, RFBAND)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
DBS Direct Downconverter
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, V
FB
= +2.4V, C
IOUT_
= C
QOUT_
= 10pF, f
FLCLK
= 2MHz, RFIN_ = unconnected, R
IOUT_
= R
QOUT_
= 10kΩ,
V
LOBUFSEL
= +0.5V, V
RFBAND
= V
INSEL
= V
CPG1
= V
CPG2
= +2.4V, V
PLLIN+
= V
MOD+
= +1.3V, V
PLLIN-
= V
MOD-
= +1.1V, T
A
=
+25°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER
Charge-Pump Output Low
Measured at FB
Charge-Pump Output Current
Matching Positive to Negative
Charge-Pump Output Leakage
Charge-Pump Output Current
Drive (Note 1)
ANALOG CONTROL INPUTS
(GC1, GC2)
Input Current
Differential Output Voltage
Swing
Common-Mode Output Voltage
(Note 1)
Offset Voltage (Note 1)
I
GC_
V
GC_
= 1V to 4V
-50
50
µA
BASEBAND OUTPUTS
(IOUT+, IOUT-, QOUT+, QOUT-)
R
L
= 2kΩ differential
1
0.65
-50
0.85
50
Vp-p
V
mV
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
V
CPG1
≤
0.5V, V
CPG2
≤
0.5V
V
CPG1
≤
0.5V, V
CPG2
≥
2.4V
V
CPG1
≥
2.4V, V
CPG2
≤
0.5V
V
CPG1
≥
2.4V, V
CPG2
≥
2.4V
Measured at FB
Measured at FB
Measured at CP
MIN
-0.12
-0.36
-0.72
-2.16
-5
-25
100
TYP
-0.1
-0.3
-0.6
-1.8
MAX
-0.08
-0.24
-0.48
-1.44
5
25
UNITS
MAX2114
mA
%
nA
µA
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(IC driven single-ended with RFIN- AC-terminated in 75Ω to GND, V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, V
IOUT_
= V
QOUT_
= 0.59Vp-p,
C
IOUT_
= C
QOUT_
= 10pF, f
FCLK
= 500kHz, R
IOUT_
= R
QOUT_
= 10kΩ, V
LOBUFSEL
= 0.5V, V
RFBAND
= V
INSEL
= V
CPG1
= V
CPG2
= +2.4V,
V
PLLIN+
= V
MOD+
= +1.3V, V
PLLIN-
= V
MOD-
= +1.1V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V.)
PARAMETER
RFIN_ Input Frequency Range
RFIN_ Input Power for 0.59Vp-p
Baseband Levels
SYMBOL
f
RFIN_
CONDITIONS
Inferred by quadrature gain and
phase-error test
V
GC1
= V
GC2
= +4V (min gain)
V
GC1
= V
GC2
= +1V (max gain)
f
LO
= 2175MHz
P
RFIN_
= -25dBm
f
LO
= 1550MHz
per tone
f
LO
= 950MHz
f
LO
= 2175MHz
P
RFIN_
= -65dBm
f
LO
= 1550MHz
per tone
f
LO
= 950MHz
Single
carrier
P
RFIN_
= -25dBm per tone,
f
LO
= 951MHz
P
RFIN_
= -40dBm,
signals within filter bandwidth
f
RFIN_
= 1550MHz,
V
GC1
= 1V, V
GC2
adjusted 0.59Vp-p
baseband level
P
RFIN_
= -65dBm
P
RFIN_
= -25dBm
MIN
925
-25
-68
8.0
10.7
11.1
-29
-26
-30
16.1
2
10.6
dB
44.8
TYP
MAX
2175
UNITS
MHz
dBm
RFIN_ Input Third-Order Intercept
Point (Note 3)
IP3
RFIN_
dBm
RFIN_ Input Second-Order Intercept
(Note 4)
Output-Referred 1dB Compression
Point (Note 5)
IP2
RFIN_
P1
dBOUT
dBm
dBV
Noise Figure
NF
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
DBS Direct Downconverter
MAX2114
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(R
FIN
+ IC driven single-ended with RFIN- AC-terminated in 75Ω to GND, V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, V
IOUT_
= V
QOUT_
= 0.59Vp-p,
C
IOUT_
= C
QOUT_
= 10pF, f
FCLK
= 500kHz, R
IOUT_
= R
QOUT_
= 10kΩ, V
LOBUFSEL
= 0.5V, V
RFBAND
= V
INSEL
= V
CPG1
= V
CPG2
= +2.4V,
V
PLLIN+
= V
MOD+
= +1.3V, V
PLLIN-
= V
MOD-
= +1.1V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V.)
PARAMETER
R
FIN
+ Return Loss (Note 6)
LO 2nd Harmonic Rejection (Note 7)
LO Half Harmonic Rejection (Note 8)
LO Leakage Power (Notes 6, 9)
RFOUT PORT
(LOOPTHROUGH)
f = 925MHz
RFIN+ to RFOUT Gain (Note 10)
f = 1550MHz
f = 2175MHz
f = 925MHz
RFOUT Output Third-Order Intercept
Point (Note 10)
f = 1550MHz
f = 2175MHz
f = 925MHz
RFOUT Noise Figure (Note 10)
RFOUT Return Loss (Notes 6, 10)
Output Real Impedance (Notes 1)
Baseband Highpass -3dB Frequency
(Note 1)
LPF -3dB Cutoff-Frequency Range
(Note 1)
Baseband Frequency Response
(Note 1)
LPF -3dB Cutoff-Frequency
Accuracy (Note 1)
Ratio of In-Filter-Band to Out-of-Filter-
Band Noise
Quadrature Gain Error
Quadrature Phase Error
f = 1550MHz
f = 2175MHz
925MHz < f < 2175MHz, Z
LOAD
= 75Ω
IOUT_, QOUT_
C
IDC_
= C
QDC_
= 0.22µF
Controlled by FLCLK signal
Deviation from ideal 7th order,
Butterworth, up to 0.7
×
f
C
f
FLCLK
= 0.5MHz, f
C
= 8MHz
f
FLCLK
= 1.25MHz, f
C
= 19.3MHz
f
FLCLK
= 2.0625MHz, f
C
= 31.4MHz
f
IN_BAND
= 100Hz to 22.5MHz,
f
OUT_BAND
= 67.5MHz to 112.5MHz
Includes effects from baseband filters,
measured at 125kHz baseband
Includes effects from baseband filters,
measured at 125kHz baseband
8
-0.5
-5.5
-10
10
23
1.2
4
0.5
1.0
2.0
9.5
7.7
5.4
12
10.6
10.8
12
50
750
33
0.5
5.5
10
10
dB
dB
degrees
%
dB
Ω
Hz
MHz
dB
dB
dBm
dB
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
f
RFIN_
= 925MHz, Z
SOURCE
= 75Ω
f
RFIN_
= 2175MHz, Z
SOURCE
= 75Ω
Average level of V
IOUT_
, V
QOUT_
Average level of V
IOUT_
, V
QOUT_
Measured at R
FIN
+
MIN
TYP
+13
+14
45
43
-66
MAX
UNITS
dB
dB
dB
dBm
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
DBS Direct Downconverter
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(IC driven single-ended with RFIN- AC-terminated in 75Ω to GND, V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, V
IOUT_
= V
QOUT_
= 0.59Vp-p,
C
IOUT_
= C
QOUT_
= 10pF, f
FCLK
= 500kHz, R
IOUT_
= R
QOUT_
= 10kΩ, V
LOBUFSEL
= 0.5V, V
RFBAND
= V
INSEL
= V
CPG1
= V
CPG2
= +2.4V,
V
PLLIN+
= V
MOD+
= +1.3V, V
PLLIN-
= V
MOD-
= +1.1V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V.)
PARAMETER
SYNTHESIZER
SYNTHESIZER
XTLOUT Output Voltage Swing
Crystal Frequency Range (Note 1)
MOD+, MOD- Setup Time (Note 1)
MOD+, MOD- Hold Time (Note 1)
LOCAL OSCILLATOR
LOCAL OSCILLATOR
LO Tuning Range (Note 11)
LO Buffer Output Voltage (Note 1)
V
LOBUFSEL
≥
2.4V,
f
LO
= 925 MHz + 2175MHz
At 1kHz offset, f
LO
= 2175MHz
LO Phase Noise (Notes 6, 12)
At 10kHz offset, f
LO
= 2175MHz
At 100kHz offset, f
LO
= 2175MHz
RFIN+ to LO Input Isolation (Note 9)
Note 1:
Note 2
Note 3:
f
RFIN
= 2175MHz
590
70
-60
-75
-96
58
dB
dBc/Hz
1180
MHz
mV
RMS
t
SUM
t
HM
Figure 1
Figure 1
Load = 10pF | | 10kΩ, f
XTLOUT
= 4MHz
0.8
4
7
0
1
1.5
7.26
Vp-p
MHz
ns
ns
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
MAX2114
Minimum and maximum values are guaranteed by design and characterization over supply voltage.
Driving differential load of 10kΩ || 15pF.
Two signals are applied to RFIN_ at (f
LO
- 100MHz) and (f
LO
- 199MHz). V
GC2
= 1V, V
GC1
is set so that the baseband out-
puts are at 590mVp-p. IM products are measured at baseband outputs but are referred to RF inputs.
Note 4:
Two signals are applied to RFIN_ at 1200MHz and 2150MHz. V
GC2
= 1V, V
GC1
is set so that the baseband outputs are at
590mVp-p. IM products are measured at baseband outputs but are referred to RF inputs.
Note 5:
P
RFIN_
= -40dBm so that front-end IM contributions are minimized.
Note 6:
Using L64733/L64734 demo board from LSI Logic.
Note 7:
Downconverted level, in dBc, of carrier present at f
LO
×
2, f
LO
= 1180MHz, f
VCO
= 590MHz, V
RFBAND
= unconnected.
Note 8:
Downconverted level, in dBc, of carrier present at f
O
/ 2, f
LO
= 2175MHz, f
VCO
= 1087.5MHz, V
RFBAND
= 2.4V.
Note 9:
Leakage is dominated by board parasitics.
Note 10:
V
CPG1
= V
CPG2
= V
RFBAND
= V
INSEL
= 0.5V, f
FLCLK
= 0.5MHz.
Note 11:
Guaranteed by design and characterization over supply and temperature.
Note 12:
Measured at tuned frequency with PLL locked. PLL loop bandwidth = 3kHz. All phase noise measurements assume tank
components have a Q > 50.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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