19-1605; Rev 0; 1/00
Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Protector
General Description
The MAX1665 provides protection against overvoltage,
undervoltage, overcharge current, and overdischarge
current for 2-cell to 4-cell lithium-ion (Li+) battery packs.
Very low operating current ensures that cells are not
overdischarged during long storage periods.
The MAX1665 controls two external N-channel MOSFETs
to limit the charge and discharge voltages. Charging is
allowed when the per-cell voltage is below +4.3V. When
the voltage on any cell rises above +4.3V (overvoltage
limit), the MAX1665 turns off the charge MOSFET. This
safety feature prevents overcharge of any cell within the
battery pack.
Discharge is allowed when the per-cell voltage is above
+2.5V (undervoltage limit). If the voltage across any cell
falls below +2.5V, the MAX1665 turns off the discharge
MOSFET. This safety feature prevents overdischarge of
any cell within the battery pack.
Charging and discharging are allowed if the voltage
between PKN and BN is less than 250mV. This safety fea-
ture prevents excessive pack current.
PART
MAX1665SESA
MAX1665VESA
MAX1665XESA
____________________________Features
o
Complete Protection Against:
Cell Overvoltage
Cell Undervoltage
o
Pack Protection for Excessive Charge and
Discharge
o
Very Low Supply Current: 16µA typ
o
Low Standby Current: 1µA max
o
Matched Cell Input Bias Current (<500pA)
Preserves Cell Balance
MAX1665S/V/X
Ordering Information
TEMP. RANGE
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
PIN-
PACKAGE
8 SO
8 SO
8 SO
CELL
COUNT
2
3
4
Applications
Lithium-Ion Battery Packs
Typical Operating Circuit
TOP VIEW
(+)
I.C. (B4P)
1
DSG
2
B4P
B3P
CHG
DSG
B2P
PKN
3
4
Pin Configuration
8
7
I.C. [B3P]
B2P
B1P
BN
MAX1665S
MAX1665V
MAX1665X
6
5
MAX1665X
CHG
B1P
BN
(-)
PKN
SO
NOTES: I.C. = INTERNAL CONNECTION. MAKE NO CONNECTIONS TO THIS PIN.
( ) ARE FOR THE MAX1665X.
[ ] ARE FOR THE MAX1665V AND MAX1665X.
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
For free samples and the latest literature visit www.maxim-ic.com or phone 1-800-998-8800.
For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769.
Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Protector
MAX1665S/V/X
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
B4P to PKN (MAX1665X)........................................-0.3V to +24V
B3P to PKN (MAX1665V)........................................-0.3V to +18V
B2P to PKN (MAX1665S)........................................-0.3V to +12V
B1P to PKN, B2P to B1P, B3P to B2P, B4P to B3P...-0.3V to +6V
CHG to PKN, DSG to BN
MAX1665S............................................-0.3V to (V
B2P
+ 0.3V)
MAX1665V............................................-0.3V to (V
B3P
+ 0.3V)
MAX1665X............................................-0.3V to (V
B4P
+ 0.3V)
B2P to BN (MAX1665S)..........................................-0.3V to +12V
B3P to BN (MAX1665V)..........................................-0.3V to +18V
B4P to BN (MAX1665X)..........................................-0.3V to +24V
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C)...............471mW
Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Temperature Range...........................................-65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
B2P
= 8V (MAX1665S), V
B3P
= 12V (MAX1665V), V
B4P
= 16V (MAX1665X),
T
A
= 0°C to +85°C,
unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at T
A
= +25°C.)
PARAMETER
B2P Voltage Range
B3P Voltage Range
B4P Voltage Range
Overvoltage Threshold
Overvoltage Hysteresis
Undervoltage Threshold
Undervoltage RESET
Overcurrent Sense Threshold
Overcurrent Hysteresis
Overvoltage/Undervoltage
Delay
Overcurrent Detection Delay
CHG, DSG Output Voltage High
DSG Output Voltage High
(Note 2)
CHG Output Voltage Low
DSG Output Voltage Low
CHG, DSG Output Source
Current
CHG Output Sink Current
DSG Output Sink Current
Overcurrent Sampling - t
ON
Overcurrent Sampling - t
OFF
V
CHGL
V
DSGL
I
OH
I
OL
I
OL
t
ON
t
OFF
SYMBOL
V
B2P
V
B3P
V
B4P
V
OV
V
CE
V
UV
V
RE
V
CH
V
CH2
t
UV
t
IO
MAX1665S
I
OUT
= 100µA
MAX1665V
MAX1665X
MAX1665X, I
OUT
= 100µA, V
B4P
= 24V,
V
BN
= 100mV
I
CHG
= -100µA
I
DSG
= -1µA
CHG = PKN, DSG = BN
V
CHG
= V
PKN
+ 3.0V
V
DSG
= V
BN
+ 3.0V
V
PKN
= ±300mV
V
PKN
= ±300mV
MAX1665SESA, V
B1P
= 4V
Input Bias Current (Note 3)
I
BIAS
MAX1665VESA, V
B1P
= 4V, V
B2P
= 8V
MAX1665XESA, V
B1P
= 4V, V
B2P
= 8V,
V
B3P
= 12V
10
0.5
0.5
25
2
2
8.2
135
3
3
3
10
10
10
nA
V
B2P
- 1.8
V
B3P
- 1.8
V
B4P
- 1.8
17
(Note 1)
V
BN
- V
PKN
2.4
0
±200
MAX1665S
MAX1665V
MAX1665X
Cell voltage rising
CONDITIONS
MIN
4
4
4
4.26
4.3
0.10
2.5
18
±250
5
200
10
V
B2P
- 0.54
V
B3P
- 0.54
V
B4P
- 0.54
20
V
PKN
+ 0.1
V
BN
+ 0.1
V
V
V
mA
mA
µA
ms
ms
nA
V
2.6
30
±300
TYP
MAX
10
15
20
4.34
UNITS
V
V
V
V
V
V
mV
mV
mV
ms
ms
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Protector
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
B2P
= 8V (MAX1665S), V
B3P
= 12V (MAX1665V), V
B4P
= 16V (MAX1665X),
T
A
= 0°C to +85°C,
unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at T
A
= +25°C.)
PARAMETER
Input Bias Current Matching
Supply Current
Standby Mode Current
Undervoltage Lockout
SYMBOL
∆I
BIAS
I
CC
I
LP
V
UVLO
(Note 5)
DSG = CHG = low
(Notes 3, 4)
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
±500
16
0.7
4.0
25
1
4.7
MAX
UNITS
pA
µA
µA
V
MAX1665S/V/X
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
B2P
= 8V (MAX1665S), V
B3P
= 12V (MAX1665V), V
B4P
= 16V (MAX1665X),
T
A
= -40°C to +85°C,
unless otherwise noted.) (Note 6)
PARAMETER
B2P Voltage Range
B3P Voltage Range
B4P Voltage Range
Overvoltage Threshold
Undervoltage Threshold
Undervoltage RESET
Overcurrent Sense Threshold
CHG, DSG Output Voltage High
DSG Output Voltage High
(Note 2)
CHG Output Voltage Low
DSG Output Voltage Low
CHG, DSG Output Source
Current
CHG Output Sink Current
DSG Output Sink Current
V
CHGL
V
DSGL
I
OH
I
OL
I
OL
SYMBOL
V
B2P
V
B3P
V
B4P
V
OV
V
UV
V
RE
V
CH
MAX1665S
I
OUT
= 100µA
MAX1665V
MAX1665X
MAX1665X, I
OUT
= 100µA, V
B4P
= 24V,
V
BN
= 100mV
I
CHG
= -100µA
I
DSG
= -1µA
CHG = PKN, DSG = BN
V
CHG
= V
PKN
+ 0.3V
V
DSG
= V
BN
+ 0.3V
MAX1665SESA, V
B1P
= 4V
Input Bias Current (Note 3)
I
BIAS
MAX1665VESA, V
B1P
= 4V, V
B2P
= 8V
MAX1665XESA, V
B1P
= 4V, V
B2P
= 8V,
V
B3P
= 12V
(Note 5)
DSG = CHG = low
10
0.2
0.2
10
10
10
30
2
4.7
µA
µA
V
nA
V
BN
- V
PKN
MAX1665S
MAX1665V
MAX1665X
Cell voltage rising
CONDITIONS
MIN
4
4
4
4.20
2.4
0
±180
V
B2P
- 2
V
B3P
- 2
V
B4P
- 2
TYP
MAX
10
15
20
4.24
2.6
30
±320
V
B2P
- 0.5
V
B3P
- 0.5
V
B4P
- 0.5
20
V
PKN
+ 0.1
V
BN
+ 0.1
V
V
V
mA
mA
µA
V
UNITS
V
V
V
V
V
mV
mV
Supply Current
Standby Mode Current
Undervoltage Lockout
Note 1:
Note 2:
Note 3:
Note 4:
Note 5:
Note 6:
I
CC
I
LP
V
UVLO
Applies to the differential voltage measured on any cell.
DSG is internally clamped to a maximum of 20V to protect the external MOSFET (V
GS
).
Guaranteed by design.
The input bias matching between cells is measured with a 4V voltage between cells.
At least one cell is <V
UV
.
Specifications to -40°C are guaranteed by design, not production tested.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Protector
MAX1665S/V/X
Typical Operating Characteristics
(T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
OVERVOLTAGE THRESHOLD vs.
TEMPERATURE
MAX1665 toc01
UNDERVOLTAGE THRESHOLD vs.
TEMPERATURE
MAX1665 toc02
OVERCURRENT THRESHOLD vs.
TEMPERATURE
MAX1665 toc03
4.34
2.51
UNDERVOLTAGE THRESHOLD (V)
255
OVERCURRENT THRESHOLD (mV)
THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V)
4.30
2.50
252
4.26
HYSTERESIS
4.22
2.49
249
2.48
246
4.18
V
BN
- V
PKN
4.14
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
2.47
V
BN
- V
PKN
2.46
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
243
V
BN
- V
PKN
240
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
OVERDISCHARGE THRESHOLD
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1665 toc04
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX1665 toc05
OVERDISCHARGE THRESHOLD (mV)
-242
-244
-246
-248
-250
-252
-254
-256
-258
-260
-40
-15
10
35
60
V
BN -
V
PKN
STANDBY CURRENT (µA)
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
17.5
0.9
0.8
17.0
0.7
16.5
0.6
16.0
85
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
0.5
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
QUIESCENT CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX1665 toc07
CONTINUOUS OVERCHARGE CONDITION
MAX1665 toc08
CONTINUOUS OVERDISCHARGE CONDITION
MAX1665 toc09
18.0
QUIESCENT CURRENT (µA)
17.6
17.2
16.8
CHG
2V/div
NORMALIZED TO ONE CELL
16.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
50ms/div
50ms/div
SUPPLY VOLTAGE PER CELL (V)
DSG
2V/div
16.4
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
MAX1665 toc06
-240
STANDBY MODE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
1.0
18.0
Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Protector
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
MAX1665S
1, 8
—
2
3
4
5
6
7
—
MAX1665V
1
—
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
MAX1665X
—
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
I.C.
B4P
DSG
CHG
PKN
BN
B1P
B2P
B3P
Internally Connected. Make no connection to this pin.
Cell 4 Positive Input. Connect to the positive terminal of the fourth
series Li+ cell.
Discharge Control Output. Drives the gate of an external N-channel
MOSFET to control the discharge path.
Charge Control Output. Drives the gate of an external N-channel
MOSFET to control the charge path.
Pack Negative Input
Connect to the negative terminal of the first series Li+ cell.
Cell 1 Positive Input. Connect to the positive terminal of the first
series Li+ cell.
Cell 2 Positive Input. Connect to the positive terminal of the second
series Li+ cell.
Cell 3 Positive Input. Connect to the positive terminal of the third
series Li+ cell.
FUNCTION
MAX1665S/V/X
Table 1. Functionality Truth Table for V
BN
< V
PKN
+ 0.018V (Discharge Mode)
CHARGE
OVERCURRENT
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
DISCHARGE
OVERCURRENT
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
OVERVOLTAGE
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
UNDERVOLTAGE
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
CHG
High
Low
Low
Low
Gated
Low
Low
Low
DSG
High
Low
High
Low
Gated
Low
Gated
Low
GATE
CLOCKED
No
No
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
MAX
SUPPLY
CURRENT*
(µA)
25
1
25
1
25
1
25
1
*Assuming
no load on CHG or DSG.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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