ATTENUATORS, PIN DIODE
0.25–18 G H
z
GENERAL INFORM TION
A
KDI/Triangle Pin Diode attenuators continuously change the amplitude of
a microwave signal by applying a varying DC current, voltage, or digital
signal, depending upon the Model type selected. The basic current con-
trolled models do not have thermal compensation included, the voltage
controlled & digital models have linearization and/or temperature com-
pensation options.
A matched configuration of diodes keeps the VSWR low through all
values of attenuation and frequency.
Linearization is provided in some models, which produces an output
signal that is linearly proportional to the control voltage.
Temperature compensation is also provided in some models, over either
the –55 to +85 degree C range, 10–40 degree C range, or 0-70 degree C
range depending upon the Model type selected. Digitally controlled ana-
log attenuators, Model series “GA”, require an TTL binary logic input.
Standard units in the GA series have an 8 bit input producing 256 dis-
crete values of attenuation. Optional 10–12 bit logic is readily available
simply by specifying in the model number with a dash number.
SERIES GT, 1GT,
2GT, GA
Control Input Impedance:
Switching Period:
10 K ohms, 20 pf.
Standard models can be changed from any
value of attenuation to any other value in 10
microsec. Units can be provided with switch-
ing speed to 300 nanosec. on request. Speed
is related to maximum attenuation required.
That is, 32 dB models are faster than 64 dB
models. Insertion Loss will increase by a fac-
tor of 1.6 on higher speed models.
SMA standard, others on request.
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
R.F. Power:
To prevent self-biasing, the attenuators
should be operated at less than 100
mW CW, and 60 watts peak. Units will
not be damaged by application of 1 watt
CW or 100 watts peak.
50 OHMS.
+10 mA, maximum attenuation. 0 mA,
zero attenuation for all current controlled
models.
±15 volts at ±50 mA maximum. For all
models. 1GT, 2GT, GA (except GT)
0–10 volts produces 0–32 dB for 32 dB
models and 0–64 dB for 64 dB models.
Other values of control voltage can be
provided on request.
10 VDC
A
T
T
E
N
U
A
T
I
O
N
(dB)
Connectors:
RF Impedance:
Current (GT Models):
60
50
40
Power Requirements:
Control Voltage (1 GT and
2 GT Models):
30
20
10
0
5
10
Maximum Control Voltage:
BIAS CURRENT (mA)
Typical curve of attenuation vs. bias current for GT Models.
BASIC MODEL TYPES
Model
No.*
GT-( )
1-GT-(
1-GT-(
1-GT-(
2-GT-(
2-GT-(
2-GT-(
GA-( )
GA-( )TT
GA-( ) TR
)
)TT
)TR
)
)TT
)TR
Input
Control
Current
VOLTAGE 10 TO 40 C
VOLTAGE-TEMP COMP –55 TO +85 C
VOLTAGE-TEMP COMP 0 TO 70 C
VOLTAGE- LINEARIZED 10 TO 40 C
VOLTAGE-LINEARIZED TEMP COMP –55 TO +85 C
VOLTAGE-LINEARIZED TEMP COMP 0 TO 70 C
DIGITAL-TTL 10 TO 40 C
DIGITAL-TTL- TEMP COMP –55 TO +85 C
DIGITAL-TTL-TEMP COMP 0 TO 70 C
Accuracy
Chart
No.
A, B
A, B
C
D
A, B
C
D
A, B
C
D
Input
Control
0–10MA
0–10VDC
0–10VDC
0–10VDC
0–10VDC
0–10VDC
0–10VDC
TTL
TTL
TTL
Input Fixed
None
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
+ & – 15VDC @50 MA MAX
KEY:
Inches[Millimeters] .XX ±.03 .XXX ±.010 [.X ±0.8 .XX ±0.25]
10/98
An MCE Company
CORPORATION
TRIANGLE
60 South Jefferson Road, Whippany, NJ 07981
Tel: 973-887-8100 • Fax: 973-884-0445
E-Mail: kdisales@aol.com
See us on the web @ www.kditriangle.com
ATTENUATORS, PIN DIODE
0.25–18 GHz
SERIES GT, 1GT,
2GT, GA
.25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
4
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
8
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
16
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
32
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
“GA” MODELS-DIGITAL LOGIC:
TTL COMPATIBLE.
RF
ATTENUATOR,
LINEARIZER
and D/A CONVERTER
RF
NO. OF BITS = 8 L.S.B. = .25 dB ATTENUATION: 63.75 dB
BIT SIZE
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
LOGIC
= REF. (INS. LOSS)
= 10 dB
= 20 dB
= 30 dB
= 40 dB
= 50 dB
= 60 dB
= 63.75 dB
••••
LOGIC INPUTS
“GA” MODELS
MODEL TYPE SPECIFICATIONS
Outline
Type**
(10)
(11)
(13)
(14)
(16)
(17)
(19)
(20)
(22)
(23)
(25)
(26)
(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
(32)
(38)
(39)
(40)
(41)
(43)
(50)
(51)
Frequency
GHz
0.25–0.5.
0.25–0.5.
0.5–1.0
0.5–1.0
0.5–2.0
0.5–2.0
1.0–2.0
1.0–2.0
1.0–4.0
1.0–4.0
2.0–4.0
2.0–4.0
2.0–8.0
2.0–8.0
4.0–8.0
4.0–8.0
4.0–12.0
6.0–18.0
8.0–12.4
8.0–12.4
8.0–18.0
12.0–18.0
2.0–18.0
2.0–18.0
Max Max (1)
Atten
VSWR IL dB Range dB
1.55
2.35
32
1.55
2.35
64
1.55
1.55
1.75
1.75
1.55
1.55
1.75
1.75
1.55
1.55
1.85
1.85
1.75
1.75
1.95
2.25
25
2.15
2.25
2
2.25
2.55
2.55
2.55
2.85
2.85
2.85
2.85
3.15
3.15
3.15
3.15
3.75
3.75
3.45
3.45
4.05
4.25
3.85
3.35
3.75
3.75
5.05
5.05
32
64
32
64
32
64
32
64
32
64
32
64
32
64
32
64
32
64
32
32
32
64
GT-( )
Models
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
4
4
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
Outline
1, 2 GT-( )
Models
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
14
14
16
16
16
16
17
17
17
17
17
17
18
18
NOTE: Least Sig. Bit for 32 dB unit is .125 dB. Most Sig. Bit is 16 dB.
Outline
GA
Models
21
21
22
22
23
23
24
24
25
25
24
24
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
ATTENUATION (dB)
60
A
T
T
E
N
U
A
T
I
O
N
(dB)
50
40
30
20
10
0
4
8
CONTROL VOLTAGE (V)
VOLTAGE VS ATTENUATOR
MODEL 1GT.
TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED
DIGITALLY CONTROLLED ANALOG
PIN DIODE ATTENUATORS SERIES GA-TT/TR
0.5
2.0
0
10
.75
3.0
1.0
4.0
1.25
5.0
1.5
6.0
1.75
6.0
2
8.0
00000000
Typical Curves for GA-17-T or GA-29-T
00010100
20
00001010
DIGITAL WORD
30
40
00011110
**Select type by adding to Model No.
(1) Subtract 0.5 dB from insertion loss for GT and 1 GT Series
00000101
50
00010011
60
00001111
LEGEND _____ +85˚C
+25˚C
-54˚C
NOTE: SINGLE OCTIVE MODELS
ARE FLATTER
KEY:
Inches[Millimeters] .XX ±.03 .XXX ±.010 [.X ±0.8 .XX ±0.25]
An MCE Company
CORPORATION
TRIANGLE
60 South Jefferson Road, Whippany, NJ 07981
Tel: 973-887-8100 • Fax: 973-884-0445
E-Mail: kdisales@aol.com
See us on the web @ www.kditriangle.com
10/98
ATTENUATORS, PIN DIODE
0.25–18 GHz
CHART A
ATTENUATION ACCURACY VS FREQUENCY
@ 25°C Temperature
SERIES GA, GT, 1GT 2GT
Octave Models (2:1 Frequency)
±0.4 dB to 10 dB
±0.75 dB to 20 dB
±1.0 dB to 30 dB
±1.25 dB to 40 dB
±1.75 dB to 64 dB
[See note (4)]
SERIES GT, 1GT,
2GT, GA
Notes:
1. Harmonic Distortion: Approximately –50 dBc for Pin
≤
0 dBm at a frequency
of 1.0 GHz for most units. This value improves by approximately 10 dB per
octave as the frequency increases; however, since this value is dependent
on bandwidth of the unit, power input, and switching speed required, the
factory should be consulted if harmonic content is an important system
requirement.
2. Two/Tone Intermodulation Products: Second and third order products
approximately 50 dBC for Pin
≤
0 dBm (each signal) at all attenuation
settings.
3. If a narrow frequency bandwidth is required, KDI/Triangle can supply a unit
that is electrically optimized for that bandwidth. Mechanical dimensions will
remain the same as the standard unit, and the price will generally be lower.
Specify the frequency range when ordering a narrow bandwidth model, and
a special part number will be assigned.
4. Add 1.5 dB to all accuracy numbers for types (50) and (51). Two RF
connectors are in line.
5. Attenuation vs. temperature only is ± 0.02 dB/°C typical. (At 64 dB)
6. When ordering, add suffix indicating required temperature compensation
range to the model number, i.e. the 1-GT-32-T, compensated over the tem-
perature range –55°C to +85°C, would be ordered as 1-GT-32-TT. If com-
pensation from 0°C to +70°C is required, the model number would be 1-GT-
32-TR. (See “attenuation accuracy vs frequency and temperature” tables for
specifications.)
7. Monotonicity guaranteed for all models.
Greater than Octave Models
±0.5 dB to 10 dB
±1.0 dB to 20 dB
±1.5 dB to 30 dB
±1.75 dB to 40 dB
±3.0 dB to 64 dB
CHART B
ATTENUATION ACCURACY VS FREQUENCY
AND TEMPERATURE
over the +10°C to +40°C temperature range
SERIES GA, GT, 1GT, 2GT
Octave Models (2:1 Frequency)
± 0.5 dB to 10 dB
± 1.0 dB to 20 dB
± 1.5 dB to 30 dB
± 1.7 dB to 40 dB
± 2.5 dB to 64 dB
[See note (4)]
Greater than Octave Models
± 0.75 dB to 10 dB
± 1.25 dB to 20 dB
± 1.75 dB to 30 dB
± 2.0 dB to 40 dB
± 3.5 dB to 64 dB
CHART D
ATTENUATION ACCURACY VS FREQUENCY
AND TEMPERATURE
over the 0°C to +70°C temperature range
SERIES GA-(TR) 1,2-GT-(TR)
Octave Models (2:1 Frequency)
±0.6 dB to 10 dB
±1.0 dB to 20 dB
±1.3 dB to 30 dB
±1.7 dB to 40 dB
±2.4 dB to 64 dB
Greater than Octave Models
±0.8 dB to 10 dB
±1.5 dB to 20 dB
±1.7 dB to 30 dB
±2.2 dB to 40 dB
±3.5 dB to 64 dB
CHART C
ATTENUATION ACCURACY VS FREQUENCY
AND TEMPERATURE
over the –55°C to +85°C temperature range
SERIES GA-(TT), 1, 2GT(TT)
Octave Models (2:1 Frequency)
±0.75 dB to 10 dB
±1.2 dB to 20 dB
±1.5 dB to 30 dB
±2.0 dB to 40 dB
±3.0 dB to 64 dB
Greater than Octave Models
±1.0 dB to 10 dB
±1.5 dB to 20 dB
±2.0 dB to 30 dB
[See note (4)]
Attentuation accuracy given above assumes 0.1% regulation of power supply voltages
*Add T or R suffix (see temperature information).
TYPICAL CURVE OF ATTENUATION
VS. CONTROL VOLTAGE FOR 2GT MODELS
64
60
BEST FIT
STRAIGHT LINE
50
1.0 dB
0
1
5
CONTROL VOLTAGE
(V)
8
0.5 dB
BEST FIT
STRAIGHT
LINE
(dB)
30
40
ATTENUATION
±2.5 dB to 40 dB
±4.0 dB to 64 dB
[See note (4)]
Attentuation accuracy given above assumes 0.1% regulation of power
supply voltages
20
10
0
KEY:
Inches[Millimeters] .XX ±.03 .XXX ±.010 [.X ±0.8 .XX ±0.25]
10/98
An MCE Company
CORPORATION
TRIANGLE
60 South Jefferson Road, Whippany, NJ 07981
Tel: 973-887-8100 • Fax: 973-884-0445
E-Mail: kdisales@aol.com
See us on the web @ www.kditriangle.com
ATTENUATORS, PIN DIODE
0.25–18 GHz
SERIES GT (CURRENT INPUT)
MECHANICAL OUTLINES
Out-
line
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
in[mm]
B
in[mm]
C
in[mm]
D
in[mm]
E
in[mm]
.38[9,65]
.38[9,65]
.44[11,18]
.38[9,65]
.44[11,18]
.44[11,18]
.44[11,18]
.44[11,18]
F
in[mm]
G
in[mm]
5.00[127,0] 3.00[76,2] 4.600[116,84] 2.800[71,12]
5.00[127,0] 2.50[63,5] 4.600[116,84] 2.300[58,42]
3.50[88,9]
2.50[63,5]
1.80[45,7]
1.50[38,1]
3.50[88,9]
2.50[63,5]
1.80[45,7]
1.50[38,1]
3.100[78,74]
2.100[53,3]
1.400[35,56]
1.100[27,94]
1.800[45,7]
3.300[83,82]
1.550[39,37]
2.300[58,42]
1.600[40,64]
1.300[33,02]
1.050[26,67]
3.50[88,9] 1.75[44,45] 3.100[78,74]
0.75[19,1] 0.19[0,48]
0.30[7,6] 0.19[0,48]
0.30[7,6]
0.30[7,6]
0.35[8,9]
0.35[8,9]
0.25[6,4]
0.25[6,4]
0.25[6,4]
0.25[6,4]
G
E
SERIES GT, 1GT,
2GT, GA
0.10
[2,5]
0.093[2,36] DIA. THRU
4 MTG. HOLES
RF
B D
F TYP.
RF
BIAS
GND
SMA FEMALE
TYP.
GT-50,GT-51
(See Note 4)
0.38[9,65] 0.19[0,48]
0.38
[9,7]
TYP.
C
A
A-C
2
2.00[50,8] 1.81[45,97]
0.25[6,4] 0.24[6,10]
SERIES 1GT, 2GT (VOLTAGE INPUT)
MECHANICAL OUTLINES
Out-
line
A
in[mm]
B
in[mm]
C
in[mm]
D
in[mm]
E
in[mm]
F
in[mm]
C.V.
0.10
[2,5]
0.125[3,18] DIA THRU
4 MTG. HOLES
E TYP.
11 5.00[127,0] 3.00[76,2] 4.600[116,84] 2.800[71,12]
12 5.00[127,0] 2.50[63,5] 4.600[116,84] 2.300[58,42]
13
14
15
16
17
18
3.50[88,9]
2.50[63,5]
1.80[45,7]
1.50[38,1]
3.50[88,9]
2.50[63,5]
1.80[45,7]
1.50[38,1]
3.100[78,74]
2.100[53,3]
1.400[35,56]
1.100[27,94]
1.800[45,7]
3.300[83,82]
1.550[39,37]
2.300[58,42]
1.600[40,64]
1.300[33,02]
1.050[26,67]
3.50[88,9] 1.75[44,45] 3.100[78,74]
0.75[19,1] 0.19[0,48]
0.32[8,12] 0.19[0,48]
0.63[16,0] 0.25[6,4]
0.38[9,65] 0.19[0,48]
RF
+15V
-15V
GND
B
D
SMA
FEMALE
TYP.
TYPES
50 & 51
(See Note 4)
0.32[8,12] 0.25[6,4]
0.35[8,9]
0.35[8,9]
0.25[6,4]
0.25[6,4]
0.25[6,4]
0.24[6,1]
F
1.00[25,4]
0.38
[9,7]
TYP.
C
A
A-C
2
2.00[50,8] 1.81[45,97]
SERIES GA (DIGITAL INPUT)
MECHANICAL OUTLINES
Out-
line
A
in[mm]
B
in[mm]
C
in[mm]
D
in[mm]
E
in[mm]
H
in[mm]
G
in[mm]
F
in[mm]
ITT CANNON
DA-15P OR EQUIV.
0.125[3,18] DIA. THRU
4 MTG. HOLES
E
POWER/LOGIC
21 5.00[127,0] 3.00[76,2] 4.600[116,84] 2.750[69,85] 0.75[19,1] 0.19[4,83] 0.75[19,1] 0.13[3,30]
PIN 9
PIN 1
SMA
FEMALE
TYP.
22 5.00[127,0] 2.50[63,5] 4.600[116,84] 2.250[57,15] 0.32[8,12] 0.19[4,83] 0.32[8,12] 0.13[3,30]
23 3.00[76,2] 3.50[88,9] 3.100[78,74] 2.750[69,85] 0.38[9,65] 0.25[6,4] 0.35[8,9] 0.13[3,30]
24 3.50[88,9] 1.75[44,45] 3.100[78,74] 1.550[39,37] 0.40[10,2] 0.19[4,83] 0.35[8,9] 0.10[2,5]
25 2.50[63,5] 2.50[63,5]
26 2.50[63,5] 2.50[63,5]
2.100[53,3]
2.100[53,3]
2.250[57,15] 0.32[8,12] 0.25[6,4] 0.32[8,12] 0.13[3,30]
1.750[44,45] 0.50[12,7] 0.25[6,4] 0.50[12,7] 0.13[3,30]
F
RF
B
D
G
H
1.00
[2,5]
0.38
[9,7]
TYP.
C
A
0.20
[5,1]
KEY:
Inches[Millimeters] .XX ±.03 .XXX ±.010 [.X ±0.8 .XX ±0.25]
An MCE Company
CORPORATION
TRIANGLE
60 South Jefferson Road, Whippany, NJ 07981
Tel: 973-887-8100 • Fax: 973-884-0445
E-Mail: kdisales@aol.com
See us on the web @ www.kditriangle.com
10/98
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