19-2238; Rev 2; 11/03
KIT
ATION
EVALU
E
BL
AVAILA
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers/Power
Sequencers
General Description
The MAX5904–MAX5909 dual hot-swap controllers
provide complete protection for dual-supply systems.
These devices hot swap two supplies ranging from +1V
to +13.2V, provided one supply is at or above 2.7V,
allowing the safe insertion and removal of circuit cards
into live backplanes.
The discharged filter capacitors of the circuit card pro-
vide low impedance to the live backplane. High inrush
currents from the backplane to the circuit card can burn
up connectors and components, or momentarily col-
lapse the backplane power supply leading to a system
reset. The MAX5904 family of hot-swap controllers pre-
vents such problems by gradually ramping up the output
voltage and regulating the current to a preset limit when
the board is plugged in, allowing the system to stabilize
safely. After the startup cycle is completed, two on-chip
comparators provide VariableSpeed/BiLevel™ protec-
tion against short-circuit and overcurrent faults, as well
as immunity against system noise and load transients. In
the event of a fault condition, the load is disconnected.
The MAX5905/MAX5907/MAX5909 must be unlatched
after a fault, and the MAX5904/MAX5906/MAX5908 auto-
matically restart after a fault.
The MAX5904 family offers a variety of options to reduce
component count and design time. All devices integrate
an on-board charge pump to drive the gates of low-cost,
external N-channel MOSFETs. The devices offer integrat-
ed features like startup current regulation and current
glitch protection to eliminate external timing resistors and
capacitors. The MAX5906–MAX5909 provide an open-
drain status output, an adjustable startup timer, an
adjustable current limit, an uncommitted comparator,
and output undervoltage/overvoltage monitoring.
The MAX5904/MAX5905 are available in 8-pin SO pack-
ages. The MAX5906–MAX5909 are available in space-
saving 16-pin QSOP packages.
Features
o
Safe Hot Swap for +1V to +13.2V Power
Supplies
Requires One Input
≥
2.7V
o
o
o
o
Low 25mV Default Current-Limit Threshold
Inrush Current Regulated at Startup
Circuit Breaker Function
Adjustable Circuit Breaker/Current-Limit
Threshold
o
VariableSpeed/BiLevel Circuit-Breaker Response
o
Auto-Retry or Latched Fault Management
o
On/Off Sequence Programming
o
Status Output Indicates Fault/Safe Condition
o
Output Undervoltage and Overvoltage Monitoring
and/or Protection
MAX5904–MAX5909
Ordering Information
PART
MAX5904ESA*
MAX5904USA
MAX5905ESA*
MAX5905USA
MAX5906EEE*
MAX5906UEE
MAX5907EEE*
MAX5907UEE
MAX5908EEE*
MAX5908UEE
MAX5909EEE*
MAX5909UEE
TEMP RANGE
-40°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
-40°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
8 SO
8 SO
8 SO
8 SO
16 QSOP
16 QSOP
16 QSOP
16 QSOP
16 QSOP
16 QSOP
16 QSOP
16 QSOP
*Contact
factory for availability.
Applications
PCI-Express Applications
Basestation Line Cards
Network Switches or Routers
Solid-State Circuit Breaker
Power-Supply Sequencing
Hot Plug-In Daughter Cards
RAID
VariableSpeed/BiLevel is a trademark of Maxim Integrated
Products, Inc.
GATE1
3
GND
4
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
IN1
1
SENSE1
2
8
7
IN2
SENSE2
GATE2
ON
MAX5904
MAX5905
6
5
NARROW SO
Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet.
Selector Guide and Typical Operating Circuits appear at end
of data sheet.
1
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at
1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers/Power
Sequencers
MAX5904–MAX5909
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
IN_ to GND...........................................................................+14V
GATE_ to GND..........................................+0.3V to (V
IN
_ + 6.2V)
ON, PGOOD, COMP+, COMPOUT, TIM to GND.......-0.3V to the
higher of (V
IN1
+ 0.3V) and (V
IN2
+ 0.3V)
SENSE_, MON_, LIM_ to GND ...................-0.3V to (V
IN
_ + 0.3V)
Current into Any Pin .........................................................±50mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +70°C)
8-Pin Narrow SO (derate 5.9mW/°C above +70°C) ......471mW
16-Pin QSOP (derate 8.3mW/°C above +70°C)............667mW
Operating Temperature Ranges:
MAX590_U_ _ .....................................................0°C to +85°C
MAX590_E_ _ ...................................................-40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
IN
_ = +1V to +13.2V provided at least one supply is higher than +2.7V, V
ON
= +2.7V, T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at V
IN1
= +5V, V
IN2
= +3.3V, and T
A
= +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
POWER SUPPLIES
IN_ Input Voltage Range
Supply Current
CURRENT CONTROL
MAX5904/MAX5905
Slow-Comparator Threshold
(V
IN
- V
SENSE
) (Note 2)
V
SC,TH
MAX5906–MAX5909
t
SCD
V
SU,TH
V
FC,TH
t
FCD
I
B SEN
1mV overdrive
50mV overdrive
V
IN
_ - V
SENSE
_; during startup
V
IN
_ - V
SENSE
_; normal operation
10mV overdrive, from overload condition
V
SEN
_ = V
IN
_
R
TIM
= 100kΩ
Startup Period
(Note 4)
t
START
R
TIM
= 4kΩ (minimum value)
TIM floating for MAX5906–MAX5909
fixed for MAX5904/MAX5905
Charging, V
GATE
= +5V, V
IN
= +10V
(Note 5)
Average Gate Current
I
GATE
Weak discharge, during startup when current
limit is active or when 0.4V < V
ON
< 0.8V
Strong discharge, triggered by a fault or
when V
ON
< 0.4V
Gate Drive Voltage
ON COMPARATOR
Fast Pulldown ON Threshold
V
ONFP,TH
Low to high
Hysteresis
0.375
0.4
25
0.425
V
mV
V
DRIVE
V
GATE
_ - V
IN
_, I
GATE
_ < 1µA
4.8
8
0.35
5
80
T
A
= +25°C
T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
LIM = GND
R
LIM
= 300kΩ
22.5
20.5
22.5
80
25
100
3
110
2 x V
SC, TH
4 x V
SC, TH
260
0.03
10.8
0.45
9
100
100
3
5.4
5.8
6
13.6
0.55
14
130
µA
µA
mA
V
ms
25
27.5
27.5
27.5
125
ms
µs
mV
ns
µA
mV
V
IN
_
I
IN
Other V
IN
= +2.7V
I
IN1
+ I
IN2
1.0
1.2
13.2
2.3
V
mA
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Slow-Comparator Response Time
(Note 3)
Fast-Comparator Threshold
Fast-Comparator Response Time
SENSE Input Bias Current
MOSFET DRIVER
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers/Power
Sequencers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
IN
_ = +1V to +13.2V provided at least one supply is higher than +2.7V, V
ON
= +2.7V, T
A
= T
MIN
to T
MAX
, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at V
IN1
= +5V, V
IN2
= +3.3V, and T
A
= +25°C.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
Channel 1 ON Threshold
Channel 2 ON Threshold
ON Propagation Delay
ON Input Bias Current
ON Pulse Width Low
DIGITAL OUTPUT
(PGOOD)
Output Leakage Current
Output Voltage Low
PGOOD Delay
V
OL
t
PGDLY
V
PGOOD
= 13.2V
I
SINK
= 1mA
After t
START
, MON_ = V
IN_
Overvoltage
Undervoltage
V
MON
_ = 600mV
Startup is initiated when this threshold is reached
by V
IN1
or V
IN2
, V
ON
> 0.8V, V
IN_
increasing
Hysteresis
UVLO Glitch Filter Reset Time
UVLO to Startup Delay
SHUTDOWN RESTART
Auto-Retry Delay
UNCOMMITTED COMPARATOR
INC+ Trip Threshold Voltage
Propagation Delay
OUTC Voltage Low
INC+ Bias Current
OUTC Leakage Current
I
OUTC
V
OL
V
C,TH
Low to high
Hysteresis
10mV overdrive
I
SINK
= 1mA
V
INC+
= 5V
V
OUTC
= 13.2V
0.02
0.02
1.206
1.236
10
50
0.4
1
1
1.266
V
mV
µs
V
µA
µA
t
RETRY
Delay time to restart after a fault shutdown
MAX5904/MAX5906/MAX5908
64 x t
START
ms
t
D,UVLO
V
IN
_ = 0V, to unlatch after a fault
V
IN_
step from 0 to 2.8V
100
20
37.5
60
657
513
0.75
687
543
20
0.03
707
563
1
0.4
µA
V
ms
SYMBOL
V
ON1,TH
V
ON2,TH
t
ON
I
BON
t
UNLATCH
Low to high
Hysteresis
Low to high
Hysteresis
10mV overdrive
V
ON
< 4.5V
V
IN1
= V
IN2
= +13.2V
V
ON
> 4.5V
V
ON
= 4V
To unlatch after a latched fault
100
1.95
CONDITIONS
MIN
0.80
TYP
0.825
25
2.025
25
50
0.03
100
0.03
µA
1
µs
MAX
0.85
2.07
UNITS
V
mV
V
mV
µs
MAX5904–MAX5909
OUTPUT VOLTAGE MONITORS (MON1, MON2)
MON_ Trip Threshold
MON_ Glitch Filter
MON_ Input Bias Current
UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT (UVLO)
UVLO Threshold
V
UVLO
2.1
2.4
100
2.67
V
mV
µs
ms
V
MON
_
mV
µs
µA
Note 1:
Limits are 100% tested at T
A
= +25°C and +85°C. Limits at 0°C and -40° are guaranteed by characterization and are not produc-
tion tested.
Note 2
The MAX5906–MAX5909 slow-comparator threshold is adjustable. V
SC,TH
= R
LIM
x 0.25µA + 25mV (see
Typical Operating
Characteristics).
Note 3:
The current-limit slow-comparator response time is weighted against the amount of overcurrent; the higher the overcurrent
condition, the faster the response time. See
Typical Operating Characteristics.
Note 4:
The startup period (t
START
) is the time during which the slow comparator is ignored and the device acts as a current limiter
by regulating the sense current with the fast comparator. See the
Startup Period
section.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers/Power
Sequencers
MAX5904–MAX5909
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical Operating Circuits, Q1 = Q2 = Fairchild FDB7090L, V
IN1
= +5V, V
IN2
= +3.3V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Channels
1 and 2 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable, channels 1 and 2 are referred to as X and Y.)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX5904 toc01
TOTAL SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX5904 toc02
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
1.8
1.6
1.4
C
V
ON
= V
IN1
I
IN1
+ I
IN2
MAX5904 toc03
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
I
IN
(mA)
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
I
INY
I
INX
I
INX
+ I
INY
V
INY
= V
ON
= 2.7V
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
I
IN
(mA)
B
A
2.0
I
IN
(mA)
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
V
INY
= 5.0V
A) V
ON
= 3.3V
B) V
ON
= 1.5V
C) V
ON
= 0V
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
I
IN2
I
IN1
14
14
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
V
INX
(V)
V
INX
(V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GATE DRIVE VOLTAGE vs.
INPUT VOLTAGE
MAX5904 toc04
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
MAX5904 toc05
GATE CHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
180
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (µA)
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
V
ON
= V
INY
= 2.7V
V
GATEX
= 0V
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
V
INX
= 1V
V
INX
= 13.2V
V
INX
= 5V
MAX5904 toc06
6
5
GATE DRIVE VOLTAGE (V)
4
3
2
1
V
INY
= 2.7V
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
200
180
GATE CHARGE CURRENT (µA)
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
V
INX
= 13.2V
V
INX
= 5V
V
INX
= 1V
V
ON
= V
INY
= 2.7V
200
14
0
5
10
V
GATEX
(V)
15
20
V
INX
(V)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GATE WEAK DISCHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
MAX5904 toc07
GATE WEAK DISCHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5904 toc08
GATE STRONG DISCHARGE CURRENT
vs. GATE VOLTAGE
V
ON
= 0V
V
INX
= 5V
V
INX
= 13.2V
MAX5904 toc09
200
180
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (µA)
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
5
10
V
GATEX
(V)
V
INY
= 2.7V
15
V
INX
= 1V
V
ON
= 0.6V
V
INX
= 5V
V
INX
= 13.2V
200
180
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (µA)
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
V
INY
= 2.7V
V
GATEX
= V
INX
+ 6.2V
-40
-15
10
35
60
V
INX
= 1V
V
ON
= 0.6V
V
INX
= 5V
V
INX
= 13.2V
6
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
5
4
3
2
1
0
V
INX
= 1V
V
INY
= 2.7V
V
GATEX
= V
INX
+ 6.2V
0
5
10
V
GATEX
(V)
15
20
20
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Voltage, Dual Hot-Swap Controllers/Power
Sequencers
MAX5904–MAX5909
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Operating Circuits, Q1 = Q2 = Fairchild FDB7090L, V
IN1
= +5V, V
IN2
= +3.3V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Channels
1 and 2 are identical in performance. Where characteristics are interchangeable, channels 1 and 2 are referred to as X and Y.)
GATE STRONG DISCHARGE CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX5904 toc10
TURN-OFF TIME vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
SLOW-COMP. THRESHOLD
1
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
FAST-COMP. THRESHOLD
0.1
MAX5904 toc11
TURN-OFF TIME vs. SENSE VOLTAGE
(EXPANDED SCALE)
MAX5904 toc12
6
GATE DISCHARGE CURRENT (mA)
5
V
INX
= 13.2V
4
3
2
1
0
-40
-15
10
35
60
V
INX
= 5V
10
10
TURN-OFF TIME (ms)
SLOW-COMP. THRESHOLD
1
V
ON
= 0V
V
INY
= 2.7V
V
GATEX
= V
INX
+ 6.2V
V
INX
= 1V
0.01
0.001
0.0001
85
0
25
50
75
100 125 150 175 200
TEMPERATURE (°C)
V
IN
- V
SENSE
(mV)
0.1
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
V
IN
- V
SENSE
(mV)
SLOW-COMPARATOR THRESHOLD
vs. R
LIM
MAX5904 toc13
STARTUP PERIOD vs. R
TIM
MAX5904 toc14
TURN-OFF TIME
SLOW-COMPARATOR FAULT
MAX5904 toc15
120
100
80
60
50
40
t
START
(ms)
30
20
10
0
0V
V
SC, TH
(mV)
0V
t
SCD
26mV STEP
V
PGOOD
5V/div
60
40
20
0
0
100
200
R
LIM
(kΩ)
300
400
V
SENSE
- V
IN
100mV/div
V
GATE
5V/div
0V
0
100
200
300
R
TIM
(kΩ)
400
500
600
1ms/div
V
IN
= 5.0V
TURN-OFF TIME
FAST-COMPARATOR FAULT
MAX5904 toc16
STARTUP WAVEFORMS
FAST TURN-ON
MAX5904 toc17
V
ON
2V/div
0V
t
FCD
0V
125mV STEP
V
SENSE
- V
IN
100mV/div
V
GATE
5V/div
0V
I
OUT
5A/div
V
OUT
5V/div
V
GATE
5V/div
V
PGOOD
5V/div
V
PGOOD
2V/div
400ns/div
V
IN
= 5.0V
1ms/div
V
IN
= 5.0V, R
SENSE
= 10mΩ,
R
TIM
= 27kΩ, C
BOARD
= 1000µF
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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