19-2433; Rev 4; 7/08
Complete DBS Direct-Conversion Tuner ICs
with Monolithic VCOs
General Description
The MAX2116/MAX2118 family of low-cost direct-
conversion tuner ICs are designed for use in digital
direct broadcast satellite (DBS) television applications,
professional VSAT systems, and two-way Internet
through satellite applications. These devices set the
standard for integration and performance, significantly
reducing the required RF know-how for design imple-
mentation. Uniquely architected, the MAX2116/MAX2118
simplify direct main board and tuner module designs.
The MAX2116/MAX2118 devices directly convert L-
band signals to baseband using a broadband I/Q
downconverter. The operating frequency range extends
from 850MHz to 2175MHz.
Each IC includes an LNA with gain control, I and Q
downconverting mixers, and baseband lowpass filters
gain and cutoff frequency control. Together, the RF and
baseband variable gain amplifiers provide more than
79dB of gain control range.
The devices include fully monolithic VCOs, as well as a
complete frequency synthesizer. Additionally, an on-
chip crystal oscillator is provided along with a buffered
output for driving additional tuners and demodulators.
Synthesizer programming and device configuration are
accomplished with a 2-wire serial interface. For multi-
tuner applications, each device can be configured to
have one of eight possible 2-wire interface addresses.
Simplifying the interface to low-voltage CMOS demodu-
lators, the MAX2116/MAX2118 incorporate two 2.85V
regulated outputs for pulling up open-drain interface
connections, thus preventing noisy 3V rails from cor-
rupting the sensitive analog signal of the tuners.
The MAX2116/MAX2118 devices are the most versatile
family of DBS products available. With both single-
ended and differential baseband outputs, these
devices are compatible with virtually all QPSK/8-PSK
demodulators. The tuners are available in a very small
(6mm x 6mm) 40-pin thin QFN package.
Features
♦
Fully Integrated VCOs
♦
Supports 1Mbaud to 45Mbaud, 850MHz to
2175MHz Operation
♦
4MHz to 33MHz Tunable LP Filters
♦
Complete Synthesizer with I
2
C Interface
♦
Analog RF VGA and Digital Baseband VGA
♦
Multiple I
2
C Addresses for Multituner
Applications
♦
Single-Ended (MAX2116) and Differential
(MAX2118) I/Q Interface
MAX2116/MAX2118
Ordering Information
PART
MAX2116UTL
MAX2116UTL+
MAX2118UTL
MAX2118UTL+
TEMP RANGE
0°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
0°C to +85°C
PIN-PACKAGE
40 TQFN-EP*
40 TQFN-EP*
40 TQFN-EP*
40 TQFN-EP*
*EP
= Exposed paddle.
+Denotes
a lead-free/RoHS-compliant package.
Pin Configuration/
Functional Diagram
IOUT-
(MAX2118 ONLY)
QOUT-
(MAX2118 ONLY)
VCCRF2
VCCBB
QOUT+
IOUT+
QDC+
QDC-
N.C.
31
AS0
32
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
IDC-
1
DC OFFSET
CORRECTION
LPF BW
CONTROL
30
VCCDIG
IDC+
2
DAC
29
SCL
VCCRF1
3
GC2
DIV2/
DIV4
INTERFACE LOGIC
AND CONTROL
28
VREG2
RFIN-
4
27
SDA
Applications
DVB
DSS (U.S.)
VSAT
RFIN+
5
26
AS1
N.C.
MAX2118
6
/N
7
PFD
/R
24
25
N.C.
GC1
XTALOUT
VREG1
ADC
Internet Through Satellite
N.C.
8
VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
CP
23
CNTOUT
9
TANK
TANK
TANK
TANK
TANK
TANK
TANK
TANK
22
XTAL-
PAD 10
21
XTAL+
11
N.C.
12
VCCLO
13
VCCVCO
14
LOFLT
15
AS2
16
VTUNE
17
CPOUT
18
IFLT
19
VCCCPX
20
CFLT
________________________________________________________________
Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Complete DBS Direct-Conversion Tuner ICs
with Monolithic VCOs
MAX2116/MAX2118
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
V
CC
to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +5.5V
All Other Pins to GND .................................-0.3V to (V
CC
+ 0.3V)
RFIN+ to RFIN-, XTL+ to XTL-, IDC+ to IDC-,
QDC+ to QDC- ...................................................................±2.0V
CNTOUT, XTALOUT, CPOUT, VREG1/2,
I/QOUT± to GND Short-Circuit Duration.................................10s
Continuous Current (any pin other than V
CC
or GND) .......10mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (T
A
= +85°C)
40-Pin Thin QFN (derate 23.3mW/°C above +85°C) .... 1.86W
Operating Temperature Range ..............................0°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature .....................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range ............................-65°C to +160°C
Soldering Temperature (10s) ..........................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, V
GND
= 0V, V
GC1
= +0.75V; no AC signal applied, default register settings, T
A
= 0°C to +85°C, unless other-
wise noted. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SUPPLY
Supply Voltage
Supply Current
ANALOG GAIN CONTROL INPUT—GC1
Usable Voltage Range
Input Current
Nominal Output Voltage Swing
Output Clipping Voltage
DC Output Voltage
BASEBAND OUTPUTS— IOUT±, QOUT± (MAX2118)
Nominal Output Voltage Swing
Output Clipping Voltage
Common-Mode Voltage
DC Offset Voltage
ANALOG OUTPUT— VREG1, VREG2
Output Voltage
Source Current
STATIC CONTROL INPUTS—AS2, AS1, AS0
Input Voltage High
Input Voltage Low
Input Current
SYNTHESIZER DC PARAMETERS
Bits CP1 = 0, CP0 = 0
Charge Pump Source/Sink Current
Bits CP1 = 0, CP0 = 1
Bits CP1 = 1, CP0 = 0
Bits CP1 = 1, CP0 = 1
±35
±70
±140
±280
±50
±100
±200
±400
±68
±136
±272
±544
µA
-50
4
0.5
+50
V
V
µA
Each output
2.7
2.85
3.05
3
V
mA
0.65
-50
R
LOAD
= 2kΩ // 10pF
(differential) (Note 3)
Bit DL = high
Bit DL = low
1
0.59
2
0.75
0
0.85
+50
V
P-P
V
P-P
V
mV
0.75V < V
GC1
< 2.6V (Note 2)
R
LOAD
= 1kΩ // 10pF (Note 3)
BASEBAND OUTPUTS— IOUT, QOUT (MAX2116)
0.8
2
1.2
V
P-P
V
P-P
V
0.75
-50
2.6
+50
V
µA
LO locked at 2175MHz
4.75
195
5.25
265
V
mA
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Complete DBS Direct-Conversion Tuner ICs
with Monolithic VCOs
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, V
GND
= 0V, V
GC1
= +0.75V; no AC signal applied, default register settings, T
A
= 0°C to +85°C, unless other-
wise noted. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
Charge Pump Off-Leakage Current
Charge Pump Output Voltage Compliance
I
2
C INTERFACE—SDA, SCL
Clock Rate
Input Logic Level Low
Input Logic Level High
Input Hysteresis
Input Current
Output Logic Level Low
VTUNE ADC
Resolution
Input Voltage Range
(Note 4)
110 to 111
101 to 110
ADC Reference Ladder Trip Point
ADC read bits
100 to 101
011 to 100
010 to 011
001 to 010
000 to 001
0
V
CC
-
0.70
2.8
1.91
1.29
0.87
0.60
0.40
V
CC
-
0.65
2.97
2.03
1.38
0.94
0.65
0.44
3
V
CC
V
CC
-
0.60
3.14
2.15
1.47
1.01
0.70
0.48
V
Bits
V
6mA sink current
-10
0.6
2.3
0.2
+10
400
1.5
kHz
V
V
V
µA
V
Charge-pump positive-to-negative current
matching of ±10%
CONDITIONS
MIN
-10
0.4
TYP
MAX
+10
V
CC
-
0.6
UNITS
nA
V
MAX2116/MAX2118
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(MAX2116/MAX2118 EV kits, V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, GC1 and GC2 set for maximum gain, V
GND
= 0, V
IOUT
= V
QOUT
= 800mV
P-P
(MAX2116), loaded with 1kΩ V
IOUT±
= V
QOUT±
= 590mV
P-P
differential (DL = 0, MAX2118), V
IOUT±
= V
QOUT±
= 1V
P-P
differential (DL
= 1, MAX2118), loaded with differential 2kΩ. Baseband LPF BW = 33MHz, f
RFIN
= 2175MHz. For default register values, see the
Serial Interface and Control Registers
section. T
A
= +25°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise
noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
RF FRONT END
RF Input Frequency Range
T
A
= 0°C to +85°C (Note 7)
V
GC1
= 0.75V (max gain),
bits GC2(4) - GC2(0) = 00000 (max gain),
for output
≥
800mV
P-P
V
GC1
= 2.6V (min gain),
bits GC2(4) - GC2(0) = 11111 (min gain),
for output
≤
800mV
P-P
3
850
-77
2175
-72
dBm
16
MHz
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Input Carrier Levels Necessary to Produce
800mV
P-P
at I/Q Baseband Outputs
(MAX2116)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
Complete DBS Direct-Conversion Tuner ICs
with Monolithic VCOs
MAX2116/MAX2118
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(MAX2116/MAX2118 EV kits, V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, GC1 and GC2 set for maximum gain, V
GND
= 0, V
IOUT
= V
QOUT
= 800mV
P-P
(MAX2116), loaded with 1kΩ V
IOUT±
= V
QOUT±
= 590mV
P-P
differential (DL = 0, MAX2118), V
IOUT±
= V
QOUT±
= 1V
P-P
differential (DL
= 1, MAX2118), loaded with differential 2kΩ. Baseband LPF BW = 33MHz, f
RFIN
= 2175MHz. For default register values, see the
Serial Interface and Control Registers
section. T
A
= +25°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise
noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
V
GC1
= 0.75V (max gain), bit DL = 1,
bits GC2(4) - GC2(0) = 00000 (max gain)
for output
≥
800mV
P-P
V
GC1
= 2.6V (min gain), bit DL = 1,
bits GC2(4) - GC2(0) = 11111 (min gain),
for output
≤
800mV
P-P
V
GC1
= 0.75V (max gain), bit DL = 0,
bits GC2(4) - GC2(0) = 00000 (max gain),
for output
≥
800mV
P-P
V
GC1
= 2.6V (min gain), bit DL = 0,
bits GC2(4) - GC2(0) = 11111 (min gain),
for output
≤
800mV
P-P
0.75V < V
GC1
< 2.6V
Bits GC2(4) - GC2(0) = 00000 to 11111
(Note 5)
(Note 6)
V
GC1
= 0.75V (max gain), bits GC2(4) -
GC2(0) = 00000 (max gain)
75Ω input source, 850MHz < f
RFIN
< 2175MHz
850MHz < f
LO
< 2175MHz (Note 7)
Unwanted in 850MHz to 2175MHz band
(Note 7)
Unwanted = 2250MHz
Unwanted above 2250MHz
BASEBAND OUTPUTS
Baseband I/Q Output Impedance
Baseband Highpass -3dB Point
Quadrature Phase Error
Quadrature Gain Error
Baseband Lowpass BW Range
LP Filter BW Accuracy
Ratio of In-Filter-Band to Out-of-Filter-Band
Noise
Single ended, real Z
OUT
0.1µF capacitors at IDC±, QDC±
125kHz baseband test tone
125kHz baseband test tone
Baseband -3dB cutoff frequency
Fc = 4MHz
Fc = 33MHz (Note 7)
f
INBAND
= 100Hz to 22.5MHz,
f
OUTBAND
= 87.5MHz to 112.5MHz
4
-5.5
-10
25
30
850
4
1.2
33
+5.5
+10
Ω
Hz
Degrees
dB
MHz
%
%
dB
33
30
3
60
19
3
MIN
TYP
-77
MAX
-72
dBm
16
UNITS
Input Carrier Levels Necessary to Produce
1V
P-P
(Differential) at I/Q Baseband Outputs
(MAX2118)
-77
-72
dBm
Input Carrier Levels Necessary to Produce
590mV
P-P
(Differential) at I/Q Baseband
Outputs (MAX2118)
16
69
24
10
22
10.5
13.5
-80
50
45
6dB/oct
dB
-63
dB
dB
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
dBm
RF Gain Control (GC1) Range
Baseband Gain Control (GC2) Range
IIP3
IIP2
NF
Minimum RF Input Return Loss
Maximum LO Leakage at RFIN
LO-Generated RFIN Second Harmonic
Rejection
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Complete DBS Direct-Conversion Tuner ICs
with Monolithic VCOs
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(MAX2116/MAX2118 EV kits, V
CC
= +4.75V to +5.25V, GC1 and GC2 set for maximum gain, V
GND
= 0, V
IOUT
= V
QOUT
= 800mV
P-P
(MAX2116), loaded with 1kΩ V
IOUT±
= V
QOUT±
= 590mV
P-P
differential (DL = 0, MAX2118), V
IOUT±
= V
QOUT±
= 1V
P-P
differential (DL
= 1, MAX2118), loaded with differential 2kΩ. Baseband LPF BW = 33MHz, f
RFIN
= 2175MHz. For default register values, see the
Serial Interface and Control Registers
section. T
A
= +25°C to +85°C. Typical values are at V
CC
= +5V, T
A
= +25°C, unless otherwise
noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
VCO PERFORMANCE
VCO Tuning Range
VCO Tuning Gain
LO Phase Noise Referred to Mixer LO Port
SYNTHESIZER PERFORMANCE
Phase Detector Comparison Frequency
Reference Divide Range
RF Divide Range
Level at XTALOUT
PLL-Referred Phase Noise Floor
XTAL Frequency Range
4
4MHz to 27MHz, driving 10pF
0.15
2
256
0.75
1
-143
27
2
128
32768
1.5
V
P-P
dBc/Hz
MHz
MHz
VCO 0 to VCO 7 coverage
Worst case, any VCO, any tuning voltage
Bit DIV2 = 1,
f
LO
= 2175MHz
10kHz offset
100kHz offset
2250
500
-75
-99
4500
MHz
MHz/V
dBc/Hz
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
MAX2116/MAX2118
Note 1:
Parameters are production tested at T
A
= +25°C and +85°C; limits called out at 0°C are guaranteed by design and charac-
terization and are not production tested.
Note 2:
GCI gain control is guaranteed over this voltage range. 0.75V corresponds to maximum gain and 2.6V corresponds to
minimum gain.
Note 3:
RF front-end specification met at this output level.
Note 4:
The VTUNE ADC transfer curve has been tailored to that of the VCO tuning curve.
Note 5:
Input IP3 test conditions: VGC1 set to provide 800mV
P-P
(MAX2116), 1V
P-P
differential (MAX2118, DL = high), 0.59V
P-P
dif-
ferential (MAX2118 DL = low) baseband output when mixing down a -25dBm tone at 2175MHz to 5MHz baseband, with
VGC2 = 00000. Two tones at -18dBm each are applied at f
LO
-100MHz and f
LO
-195MHz; IM3 tone at 5MHz is measured at
baseband but is referred to RF input.
Note 6:
Input IP2 test conditions: VGC1 set to provide 800 mV
P-P
(MAX2116), 1V
P-P
differential (MAX2118, DL = high), 0.59V
P-P
dif-
ferential (MAX2118 DL = low) baseband output when mixing down a -25dBm tone at 2175MHz to 5MHz baseband, with
VGC2 = 0.75V. Two tones at -25dBm each are applied at f
RF
= 925MHz and f
RF
= 1245MHz; IM2 tone at f
LO
- 5MHz is mea-
sured at baseband but is referred to RF input.
Note 7:
These parameters are guaranteed by design and characterization, and are not production tested.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
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