SAA7135
For multi-standard analog and hybrid TVs, the Philips
SAA7135 integrates high-quality decoding of all analog
video and stereo formats used in TVs worldwide. It
gives manufacturers a low-BOM solution for new PCI
products, and an efficient upgrade path for adding
advanced audio features to existing SAA713x designs.
Single-chip, analog TV video/stereo
decoder for worldwide PCI applications—
with Dolby Pro Logic
Semiconductors
Like other SAA713x single-chip TV decoders, the SAA7135 offers
high-quality detection and decoding of all worldwide analog TV
video standards. In addition, it decodes all worldwide TV stereo
formats and supports advanced audio features, such as Dolby Pro
Logic decoding, and more. The SAA7135’s flexible design, reusable
components, and versatile external interfaces lower BOM and cost
and support advanced TV decoder configurations. It gives manufac-
turers an ideal solution for adding robust multi-standard analog TV
decoding to a wide variety of computing and consumer products.
In addition, the SAA7135’s 100% pin compatibility with existing
SAA713x decoders enables efficient reuse of existing SAA713x
designs for more sophisticated markets or price points.
The SAA7135 delivers exceptional picture quality and advanced
video features proven in other SAA713x devices: low-noise, high-
quality ADCs, an adaptive comb filter, and subpixel-accurate scaling.
Certified three-level Macrovision detection circuitry ensures the
video content’s original analog copy protection remains intact.
Capture of transport streams from all digital TV broadcast standards
Dolby
®
Pro
Logic
™
,
supports hybrid TV designs; capture of MPEG datastreams from
MPEG encoders supports time-shift applications. In PCI configura-
tions, the SAA7135 takes full advantage of the streaming capabilities
of PCs by outputting decoded video, audio,VBI, and transport
streams through DMA bus-mastered writes across the PCI bus.
Incredible Sound, and more
Key features
>
Fully automatic standard detection and decoding of worldwide
analog TV video formats (PAL, NTSC, and SECAM), and world-
wide TV stereo formats (A2/Dual-FM, NICAM, BTSC with dbx
™
,
SAP, EIAJ, and FM radio)
>
Advanced audio feature processing including
Virtual Dolby
Surround
™
, Philips
>
Supports simultaneous stereo decoding and adaptive 3D comb
filtering (to enhance picture quality)
>
Certified three-level Macrovision
®
detection circuitry
>
Captures raw VBI data (for Closed Captioning,Teletext, etc.)
>
Superior subpixel-accurate horizontal and vertical scaling
>
Outputs digital I
2
S audio and ITU-656 video
>
Captures transport streams from digital TV broadcasts and
MPEG datastreams in time-shift applications
>
For PCI (Rev. 2.2, ACPI compliant) and standalone configurations
Target applications
The SAA7135 is targeted for adding multi-standard analog TV
decoding with robust audio features to computing and consumer
products such as desktop and portable PCs, hybrid TVs or set-top
boxes (cable, terrestrial, satellite), personal video recorders (with
time shifting), DVD recorders, and more.
SAA7135
Single-chip, analog TV video/stereo decoder for worldwide PCI applications—with Dolby Pro Logic
Semiconductors
Analog TV video processing
Capture
Analog video is sampled through five video inputs, supporting any
combination of CVBS and S-Video signals.The SAA7135 auto-
matically detects 50- and 60-Hz field frequencies and all analog
standards (PAL, NTSC, and SECAM) used in TV broadcasts.
Video is digitized by sophisticated, low-noise nine-bit ADCs with
built-in white and color peak control, clamping, and programmable
gain control. 27-MHz oversampling, twice the ITU-601 standard,
ensures an exceptional signal-to-noise ratio for maximum picture
clarity. Additional video capture features include:
> single crystal support for all video standards
> ultra-fast frame lock for fast input-switching in surveillance
applications and VCR fast search, shuttle, and freeze frame
> forced-field toggle for use with non-interlaced inputs to avoid
VCR ‘blue screen’
Decode
The SAA7135 decodes composite video into ITU-601 compatible
component color values. Its high-quality multi-standard adaptive
four-line comb filter performs best-in-class luma/chroma separa-
tion of CVBS signals from all sources, significantly reducing dot
crawl and enhancing image resolution and detail.The decoder
integrates separate brightness-contrast-saturation circuitry for
CVBS, S-Video, and raw VBI samples, and hue control for CVBS
and S-Video signals.
The SAA7135 supports fully automatic, three-level hardware
Macrovision detection with active-status interrupt. By ensuring
the content's original analog copy protection is still intact,
Macrovision prevents unauthorized recording of copyrighted
material transmitted through analog video outputs in applications
such as time-shift or archive recording or large screen display.
SAA7135 Conceptual Block Diagram
SAA7135
analog audio pass-through
ADC (2)
two analog audio
stereo pairs
ANALOG
AUDIO
INTERFACE
32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz
SOUND DECODER
(BTSC+dbx, SAP, EIAJ,
A2/Dual-FM, NICAM,
FM,AM)
TV sound (SIF)
ANALOG SIF/
AUDIO INTERFACE
ADC
AUDIO FEATURE
PROCESSING
(Dolby Pro Logic,
Virtual Dolby Surround,
Philips Incredible Sound,
bass, treble, volume,
balance,AVL)
DAC (2)
AUDIO MUX
analog stereo to
loopback cable
or headphones
digital audio
I
2
S
FORMAT
PCI INTERFACE
FIFOs
TS/MPEG CAPTURE
(serial, parallel)
FORMAT
five analog
video inputs:
CVBS, S-Video
ANALOG
VIDEO
INTERFACE
ADC (2)
DECODER
COMB FILTER
VIDEO
SCALER
MATRIX &
GAMMA
CLIPPING &
FORMAT
VIDEO PORT
FORMAT
DMA
TS (digital TV)
MPEG datastream
PCI bus
digital video,
digital audio,
control data
CLOCK SYNC
digital video
GPIO
interrupt
PROGRAMMABLE I/O
IRQ SELECTION/MAP
PROGRAMMING
REGISTERS
I
2
C INTERFACE
I2C
control data,
config data
from EEPROM
audio loop back cable
audio loop back cable
HYBRID TV CAPTURE/PVR PCI CARD
antenna
or cable
TV TUNER &
INTERFACE
ATSC/DVB/
BS-Digital
CHANNEL
DECODER
I2C
EEPROM
antenna
or cable
STANDALONE ANALOG TV GRAPHICS CARD
TV TUNER
VGA & FRAME BUFFER
SOUND CARD
I2C
TS
MPEG-2
ENCODER
MPEG PS
CVBS
S-Video
audio
audio
line-in
PCI BUS
CVBS
S-Video
audio
audio
line-in
SAA7135
ITU/VIP
I
2
S
SAA7135
ITU/VIP
I
2
C
AGP
NORTH
BRIDGE
NORTH
BRIDGE
GRAPHICS
CONTROLLER
AGP
digital video, digital audio, raw VBI, digital TS
MEMORY
PCI BUS
CPU
MEMORY
CPU
Typical SAA7135 configurations: a PCI add-in card for capture of live analog and digital TV video and audio (left), and a graphics card
for analog TV capture (right).
Scaling, matrix, clipping
The SAA7135 incorporates an adaptive filter and circuitry to
crop, scale, and reduce frame rate. It can peform horizontal or
vertical video down scaling or zooming to support playback win-
dows of any size.Two alternating settings for active video scaling
support independent capture and preview definition. Adaptive
anti-alias filters reduce board space, system costs, and external
components.
Optional YUV-to-RGB and RGB-to-YUV matrices and a color
lookup table can be used to normalize ITU-standard color values
to the full RGB range and apply gamma correction as needed to
optimize screen contrast and color. A clipping unit allows defini-
tion of overlay rectangles (for Video for Windows (VfW) legacy
requirements) or assignment of alpha values to video pixels.
Output
Decoded, scaled video can be output in various YUV or RGB
formats, including packed and planar, gamma-compensated or
black-stretched.The video stream is transmitted through DMA
writes across the PCI bus or through a digital video output port
in standalone configurations.
Stereo decoding and audio processing
Capture and decoding
The SAA7135 handles capture and on-chip decoding of stereo
formats used in analog TV including: BTSC with dbx noise reduc-
tion and SAP (North America), EIAJ (Japan), and NICAM and A2/
Dual-FM (Europe). After capture from the TV tuner through a
Sound Intermediate Frequency (SIF) port, the TV sound signal is
digitized and FM or AM demodulated.The audio standard is auto-
matically detected, the pilot tone is investigated (mono, stereo,
dual), and the signal is decoded.
Two 16-bit audio ADCs support capture of audio signals from
nonstandard sources such as video cameras,VCRs, and AM (mono)
or FM (stereo) radio through two stereo line-in inputs. The
SAA7135’s analog audio pass-through enables an incoming audio
signal to be rerouted without processing through an external
loop-back cable to a sound card. A field-locked audio clock sam-
ples a constant number of audio clocks per video field,
guaranteeing synchronization between audio and video streams.
Advanced audio feature processing
The SAA7135’s advanced, on-chip audio-feature processing
improves user control and perceived audio quality. A Dolby Pro
Logic decoder ‘unfolds’ four-channel Dolby Surround audio when
it is present in VHS movies and TV broadcasts. A Virtual Dolby
SOUND CARD
CVBS
CVBS
SIF
SIF
SAA7135
Single-chip, analog TV video/stereo decoder for worldwide PCI applications—with Dolby Pro Logic
Semiconductors
Surround algorithm emulates true surround sound formats and
effects when only two speakers are available. Philips Incredible
Mono
™
adds stereo-like sound impression to monaural audio
signals. Philips Incredible Stereo
™
widens the stereo image,
immersing the listener in the screen action. Additional on-chip
audio features include volume, balance, bass/treble controls, and
automatic volume leveling (AVL).
Output
Decoded digital audio is streamed across the PCI bus or output
through the I
2
S port. Alternatively, it can be reconverted to analog
(by on-chip stereo DACs) and rerouted through the loop-back
cable to a sound card.
Time-shifting and digital video recording support
In time-shift recording or personal video recording applications,
the SAA7135 supports capture of MPEG datastreams through a
glueless interface to a hardware MPEG encoder. Captured MPEG
streams are written to system memory or a storage device.
Versatile external interface
The SAA7135's flexible design, reusable components, and versatile
external interfaces lower BOM and support advanced decoder
configurations. Such flexibility is made possible, in part, through a
set of 28 general purpose I/O (GPIO) pins, initially dedicated to
interface with key onboard components to provide:
> a digital video port
> transport stream capture from a digital TV channel decoder
> MPEG datastream capture from an MPEG encoder
> an I
2
S digital audio output port
> peripheral interrupt input.
GPIO pins can be reassigned if dedicated functions are not needed
in a specific product configuration. In addition, unassigned pins
can be utilized for GPIO under direct software control.
VBI capture
The SAA7135 captures raw VBI samples to memory, making them
available for decoding by software components.The VBI sampling
rate can be adjusted as needed by the data slicing software.
Supported VBI formats include Closed Captioning,Teletext,WST,
NABST, CGMS, and WSS.
Digital TV transport stream capture
For hybrid TV applications, the SAA7135 supports capture of
transport streams from digital TV broadcasts (ATSC, DVB or BS-
Digital). After capture, transport streams are written to memory
across the PCI bus for demux and program stream decoding,
typically by software running on the system CPU.
DMA and configurable FIFOs
In PCI configurations, the SAA7135 uses DMA bus-mastered
writes to output captured video, audio,VBI, and digital TV trans-
port streams. Seven DMA channels share a common one-kB
FIFO. The ability to define optimal burst length and FIFO capacity
audio
audio bus
loop-back mastering
mono
FM-radio
A2/
Dual-FM
NICAM
BTSC
(+ dbx)
SAP
EIAJ
Incredible Mono
Incredible Stereo
Dolby Virtual Dolby
Pro Logic Surround
SAA7130
SAA7133
SAA7134
SAA7135
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SAA713x Family Audio Feature Comparison
per DMA channel allows system designers to tailor and balance
the latency behavior for each channel in a given application,
adapting to actual conditions.
Comprehensive software support and reference design
The SAA7135 software development kit (SDK) supports a com-
mon code base for VfW and Windows Driver Model (WDM)
architectures, reducing software maintenance and protecting
software investments. The SDK is based on a Component Object
Model (COM) interface; it includes sample code in Visual Basic
and C++ and a description of the interface.
PHYSICAL
Technical specifications
SAA7135 WDM driver support is provided for all DirectShow
®
-
based applications. A WDM device driver kit (DDK) includes a
plug-and-play driver, capture-driver installations, and documenta-
tion.The SAA7135 WDM driver is WHQL validated and is
supported for Windows
®
98/ME/2000/XP. The SAA7135 VfW
driver is available for Windows 95/NT4. A BDA-compliant driver
is included for digital TV applications. The SAA7135 also provides
a custom API enabling development of specialized applications
when published Windows APIs (WDM or VfW) are insufficient.
A comprehensive SAA713x Reference Design Kit enables system
designers and hardware manufacturers to quickly evaluate
SAA7135 features and develop single, half-size PCI designs for
hybrid TV receivers.The Kit includes:
> a reference PCI card with SAA7135 decoder, analog TV tuner,
32.11-MHz quartz crystal, I
2
C EEPROM
> a board connector plate with TV connector, CVBS and S-Video
inputs, audio input (line-in) and output (line-out)
> an optional voltage regulator for improved video performance
> the SAA7135 SDK and DDK
> installation and user guides
> board design, schematics, and Gerber files
> video cables
Package
Power
Temperature
Rectangular LQFP128; 128 pins
supply
3.3 V
consumption
1.35 W (typical application)
0 to 70 oC
STANDARD COMPLIANCE/CERTIFICATION
PC
Meets Microsoft/Intel requirements for PC Design
Guides 98/99 and 2001
PCI 2.2 and ACPI compliance (all 4 states)
ANALOG VIDEO SUBSYSTEM
Five (5) analog input ports supporting any combination
of CVBS (NTSC, PAL, SECAM), S-Video
ADCs
Two (2) 9-bit CMOS ADCs, 27-MHz oversampling
Output
via PCI
YCbCr or RGB including packet and planar,
gamma-compensated, or black stretched
via digital video port (GPIO)
ITU-656, YUV-VMI (8-bit),
VIP 1.1 or VIP 2.0 (8- or 16-bit), ZV (16-bit),
ITU-601 (16-bit)
Sample rate
720 pixels/line (ITU 601)
XTAL reference
32.11 or 24.576 MHz, supports all video standards
Comb filter
NTSC/PAL adaptive 4-line Y-C separation for all sources
including broadcast and VCR
Scaling
Downscaling: horizontal, vertical, and by field rate
Scalable from 10 taps H (for ratios close to 1:1) to 74
taps (icon-sized video)
VBI
formats
Closed Captioning, Teletext, NABST, CGMS,
WST, and WSS
PCI output
DMA writes to memory; dedicated channel
with independent sample rate, adjustable by slicing
algorithm
Macrovision
3-level with active status interrupt; complies with
Macrovision’s Copy Protection Detect Specification,
Revision 1.00
Input
DSP 与 ARM 处理器
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