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FT3106
Three Phase Sensorless BLDC Motor Controller
Description
The FT3106 is a Three Phase sensorless BLDC Motor
controller. Due to its adaptive features and wide
power-supply range capabilities, it is intended to cover a
wide range of motor characteristics, while requiring
minimal tuning from the user. Speed adjustment can be
achieved through either direct-PWM or analog voltage
control.
Speed indicator is provided through a Frequency
Generator output, generating digital pulse with its
frequency proportional to the speed of the motor.
Protection functions of FT3106 are comprehensive
including lock protection and automatic recovery, under
voltage, thermal shutdown, current limit and over current
protections.
These prevent the control circuits and the
motor from being damaged, particularly under stressed
applications and demanding environments.
Feature
Position sensorless BLDC controller
Two speed adjustment methods can be selected
(direct-PWM and analog voltage control)
Lead angle control
FG (Frequency Generator)
Current limit and over current protection
Built-in lock protection and automatic recovery circuit
Built-in thermal shutdown protection (TSD)
Built-in under voltage lock out protection. (UVLO)
Built-in over voltage protection of motor driver
Block Diagram
VDD5 VREG10
FG
VCC
VSS
LDO
F/R
ALIGN
START
BRAKE
PWM
TMOD
FSOURCE
SREF
Saw Tooth
Generator
xa
VTH
2.5V
RPI
RSF
INP
OPO
INN
TSD
UVLO
Lock
Protection
High Side
Driver
Control Engine
UH
VH
WH
UL
VL
WL
Low Side
Driver
ILIMIT
ITRIP
FAULT
ADC
ADC
LA
BEMF
EMF_UEMF_V EMF_W
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FT3106
Pin Assignment
VCC
VREG10
UH
VH
WH
UL
VL
WL
VDD5
INP
INN
OPO
RPI
RSF
SREF
FSOURCE
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
FT3106
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
EMF_U
EMF_V
EMF_W
ITRIP
ALIGN
TMOD
VTH
ILIMIT
Pin Configuration
PIN
NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
PIN Name
VDD5
INP
INN
OPO
RPI
RSF
SREF
FSOURCE
FG
PWM
LA
START
BRAKE
F/R
VSS
FAULT
ILIMIT
VTH
TMOD
ALIGN
Type
O
I
I
O
I
I
I
I
O
I
I
I
I
I
GND
I
I
I
I
I
Description
Digital power output, LDO DC5V output for digital signal.
The positive input of the operational amplifier
The negative input of the operational amplifier
The output of the operational amplifier
Initial PWM duty cycle analog input
Initial starting frequency analog input
Analog input voltage for speed adjustment.
Test signal input, connect to GND.
Open drain. Frequency Generator, speed signal output.
PWM input for speed adjustment. Internal pull-up
Lead angle select analog input
Motor start input. High: Start; Low: Free. Internal pull-up
Brake signal input, Low: Brake. Internal pull-up.
Motor rotation direction input
Signal and power ground.
Over current protection input. Internal pull-up
Current limit analog input
Over-temperature protection
Digital input, test mode select.
Choose whether to align the rotor to a known position at first.
High: Aligned; Low: Unaligned
Rev1.0
FG
PWM
LA
START
BRAKE
F/R
VSS
FAULT
2
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FT3106
PIN
NO
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
PIN Name
ITRIP
EMF_W
EMF_V
EMF_U
WL
VL
UL
WH
VH
UH
VREG10
VCC
Type
I
I
I
I
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
POWER
Description
Current sensor voltage feedback analog input
Phase W back EMF.
Phase V back EMF.
Phase U back EMF.
Low side phase W NMOS driver
Low side phase V NMOS driver
Low side phase U NMOS driver
High side phase W PMOS driver
High side phase V PMOS driver
High side phase U PMOS driver
LDO output
Power supply
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device.
The device may be damaged or may not
function or be operational above these ratings and stressing the device to/above these levels is not recommended.
Fortior does not recommend exceeding or designing about the Absolute Maximum Ratings.
Parameter
Power supply voltage
FG output current
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Symbol
Condition
Ratings
30.0
10
-40~+125
-65~+150
Unit
V
mA
℃
℃
V
cc
max
I
FG
max
Topr
Tstg
Recommended Operating Conditions
The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended
operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications.
Symbol
Power supply voltage
Parameter
V
cc
Min.
3.7
Typ.
12
Max.
28
Unit
V
Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, Ta=25℃，VCC=12V
Parameter
Power supply current
VDD5 LDO
Regulator voltage
Rev1.0
VDD5
4.75
5
5.25
V
3
Symbol
I
cc
Condition
Working
Ratings
Min.
Typ.
8
Max.
15
Unit
mA
`
Regulator output current
10V Regulator Block
Regulator voltage
Regulator output current
Analog I/O Section*Note1
Analog Input range
Digital Input Section*Note2
High-level input voltage
Low-level input voltage
Internal pull up resistor
HP(High Side PMOS Driver)
Output high voltage
Output low voltage
Output High Short Current
Output Low Short Current
LN(Low Side NMOS Driver)
Output high voltage
Output low voltage
Output High Short Current
Output Low Short Current
FG Output Pin
FG output pin low-level voltage
VTH Comparative Level
VTH comparative level Voltage
Thermal Protection Circuit
Thermal protection circuit operating
temperature
Temperature hysteresis width
Low-Voltage Detection
Low voltage detection voltage
Operational Amplifier
Input voltage range
Output voltage range
ADC
Input range
Parameter
INL
DNL
Symbol
INL
DNL
Condition
0
Ratings
Min.
Typ.
0.1
0.2
0
0
UVLO
3.0
TSD
△TSD
Design target
Design target
165
15
V
th
2.5
VFG
When I
o
=5mA
-
0.1
*Note4
LVoh
LVol
Io+
Io-
Sink current = 20mA
Source current = 20mA
Out=0, PW<10 μs
Out=10V, PW<10 μs
8.5
-
100
250
10
0
125
300
*Note3
HVoh
HVol
Io+
Io-
Sink current = 20mA
Source current = 20mA
Out=0, PW<10 μs
Out=VCC, PW<10 μs
150
80
11.2
11.5
3
200
100
Vdinh
Vdinl
Rdio
2.5
0
150k
200k
0
Vreg10
Iv10out
Vreg10=10V
9.5
10.0
Iv5out
VDD5=5V
FT3106
20
10.5
20
5.3
5.3
2
250k
12
5
mA
V
mA
V
V
V
ohm
V
V
mA
mA
11
0.3
V
V
mA
mA
0.2
V
V
℃
℃
V
VDD5
VDD5
VDD5
Max.
0.125
0.5
V
V
V
Unit
LSB
LSB
1. Note1: RPI、RSF、SREF、ILIMIT、ITRIP、VTH、LA、INN、INP、EMF_U、EMF_V、EMF_W.
2. Note2: PWM、F/R、START、BRAKE、FAULT.
3. Note3: UH、VH、WH
4. Note3: UL、VL、WL
Rev1.0
4
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FT3106
Functional Description and Notes
Please read the following notes before designing driver circuits with FT3106.
1. Motor Start.
During startup, no induced voltage is generated due to the stationary motor, and the rotor position cannot be detected
in sensorless mode. Therefore, FT3106 rotor first aligns the rotor to a known position in DC excitation mode for an
appropriate period of time, but rotor also can be unaligned at first according to the actual conditions by ALIGN pin.
This is followed with a forced commutation mode, where the duty cycle of PWM and the frequency of commutation
are determined by the RPI pin and the RSF pin separately. The duty cycle of PWM increases proportionally with the
increasing RPI voltage, while the period of commutation increases proportionally with the RSF voltage. The RSF and
RPI voltage settings may vary depending on the motor type and load, so that they should be experimentally adjusted
carefully. Starting of motor may fail if unsuitable values of RSF and RPI are used. The voltage range of RPI and RSF
is 0V to VDD5+0.3V.
When the motor rotates, generating stable and detectable back-EMF, correct position can be
detected and forced commutation will transit into sensorless commutation.
2. PWM Output
FT3106 can be programmed to drive the motor with the traditional BLDC (120°) mode. The voltage and current
sequence diagram is shown in Figure 1.
V
U
V
V
V
W
I
U
I
V
I
W
0º
90º
180º
270º
360º
450º
540º
630º
720º
Figure 1 Voltage and Current Sequence diagram
3. Speed Control Methods
FT3106 has two methods to adjust the motor speed, using PWM pin by adjusting its duty cycle or using SREF pin by
adjusting the voltage level. Please note that during speed adjustment with PWM, SREF must be disabled and pulled
high. Conversely during speed adjustment with SREF, PWM must be disabled and pulled high.
When adjusting speed with PWM, the speed is varied by performing switching in accordance with the duty cycle that
is provided to the PWM pin. When adjusting speed with SREF, speed is adjusted by an internally generated PWM
with the duty cycle determined by the equation:
Duty
_
cycle
½
V
SREF
0.75
3
Rev1.0
5
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