LM2591HV
LM2591HV SIMPLE SWITCHER
®
Power Converter 150-kHz, 1-A Step-Down Voltage Regulator
Features
3.3-V, 5-V, and Adjustable Output Versions
Adjustable Version Output Voltage Range: 1.2 V
to 57 V ±4% Maximum Over Line and Load
Conditions
Specified 1-A Output Load Current
Available in 5-Pin Package
Input Voltage Range Up to 60 V
150-kHz Fixed Frequency Internal Oscillator
ON and OFF Control
Low Power Standby Mode, I
Q
Typically 90
μA
High Efficiency
Thermal Shutdown and Current-Limit Protection
Description
The LM2591HV series of regulators are monolithic
integrated circuits that provide all the active functions
for a step-down (buck) switching regulator, capable of
driving a 1-A load with excellent line and load
regulation. These devices are available in fixed output
voltages of 3.3 V, 5 V, and an adjustable output
version.
This series of switching regulators is similar to the
LM2590HV, but without some of the supervisory and
control features of the latter.
Requiring a minimum number of external
components, these regulators are simple to use and
include internal frequency compensation, improved
line and load specifications, and a fixed-frequency
oscillator.
The LM2591HV operates at a switching frequency of
150 kHz, thus allowing smaller sized filter
components than what would be needed with lower
frequency switching regulators. Available in a
standard 5-pin package with several different lead
bend options, and a 5-pin surface mount package.
Device Information
(1)
PART
NUMBER
LM2591HV
PACKAGE
DDPAK/TO-263 (5)
TO-220 (5)
BODY SIZE (NOM)
10.18 mm × 8.41 mm
14.986 mm × 10.16 mm
Applications
Simple High-Efficiency Step-Down (Buck)
Regulators
Efficient Preregulator for Linear Regulators
On-Card Switching Regulators
Positive-to-Negative Converters
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.
Typical Application
Copyright © 2016, Texas Instruments Incorporated
(Fixed Output Voltage Versions)
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LM2591HV
Description (continued)
Other features include a specified ±4% tolerance on output voltage under all conditions of input voltage and
output load conditions, and ±15% on the oscillator frequency. External shutdown is included, featuring typically
90-μA standby current. Self-protection features include a two stage current limit for the output switch and an over
temperature shutdown for complete protection under fault conditions.
Pin Configuration and Functions
KTT Package
5-Pin DDPAK/TO-26
Top View
NDH Package
5-Pin TO-220
Top View
Pin Functions
PIN
NO.
1
2
3
NAME
+V
IN
Output
Ground
I/O
DESCRIPTION
This is the positive input supply for the IC switching regulator. A suitable input bypass
capacitor must be present at this pin to minimize voltage transients and to supply the
switching currents needed by the regulator.
Internal switch. The voltage at this pin switches between approximately (+V
IN
−
V
SAT
) and
approximately
−0.5
V, with a duty cycle of V
OUT
/V
IN
.
Circuit ground.
Senses the regulated output voltage to complete the feedback loop. This pin is directly
connected to the Output for the fixed voltage versions, but is set to 1.23 V by means of a
resistive divider from the output for the Adjustable version. If a feedforward capacitor is used
(Adjustable version), then a negative voltage spike is generated on this pin whenever the
output is shorted. This happens because the feedforward capacitor cannot discharge fast
enough, and because one end of it is dragged to Ground, the other end goes momentarily
negative. To prevent the energy rating of this pin from being exceeded, a small-signal
Schottky diode to Ground is recommended for DC input voltages above 40 V whenever a
feedforward capacitor is present (See
Test Circuits).
Feedforward capacitor values larger
than 0.1
μF
are not recommended for the same reason, whatever be the DC input voltage.
The regulator is in shutdown mode, drawing about 90
μA,
when this pin is driven to a high
level (≥ 2 V), and is in normal operation when this Pin is left floating or driven to a low level
(≤ 0.6 V). The typical value of the threshold is 1.3 V and the voltage on this pin must not
exceed 25 V.
I
O
—
4
Feedback
I
5
ON/OFF
I
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LM2591HV
Specifications
Absolute Maximum Ratings
(1) (2)
MIN
Maximum supply voltage (V
IN
)
ON/OFF pin voltage
Feedback pin voltage
Output voltage to ground
Power dissipation
Lead temperature
KTT package
Vapor phase (60 sec.)
Infrared (10 sec.)
(Steady-state)
Internally limited
215
245
260
150
−65
150
°C
°C
°C
−0.3
−0.3
MAX
63
25
25
−1
UNIT
V
V
V
V
NDH package (Soldering, 10 sec.)
Maximum junction temperature
Storage temperature, T
stg
(1)
(2)
Stresses beyond those listed under
Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under
Recommended
Operating Conditions.
Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the TI Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications.
ESD Ratings
VALUE
V
(ESD)
(1)
(2)
Electrostatic discharge
Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001
(1) (2)
±2000
UNIT
V
JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
The human body model is a 100-pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5-kΩ resistor into each pin.
MIN
Temperature
Supply voltage
−40
4.5
MAX
125
60
UNIT
°C
V
Thermal Information
LM2591HV
THERMAL METRIC
(1)
R
θJA
R
θJC(top)
(1)
(2)
(3)
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
See
(2) (3)
KTT (DDPAK/TO-263)
5 PINS
50
2
NDH (TO-220)
5 PINS
50
2
UNIT
°C/W
°C/W
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the
Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics
application
report,
SPRA953.
The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance to JESD 51-7
Thermal Resistances were simulated on a 4-layer, JEDEC board
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LM2591HV
Electrical Characteristics LM2591HV-3.3
Specifications are for T
J
= 25°C unless otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
SYSTEM PARAMETERS – See
Test Circuits
(3)
V
OUT
η
Output Voltage
Efficiency
4.75 V
≤
V
IN
≤
60 V,
0.2 A
≤
I
LOAD
≤
1 A
V
IN
= 12 V, I
LOAD
= 1 A
3.168
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
3.135
77%
3.3
3.432
3.465
V
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(1)
TYP
(2)
MAX
(1)
UNIT
(1)
(2)
(3)
All limits ensured at room temperature (T
J
= 25°C) unless otherwise noted. All room temperature limits are 100% production tested. All
limits at temperature extremes are ensured through correlation using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. All limits are
used to calculate Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).
Typical numbers are at 25°C and represent the most likely norm.
External components such as the catch diode, inductor, input and output capacitors can affect switching regulator system performance.
When the LM2591HV is used as shown in
Test Circuits
test circuit, system performance will be as shown in
Electrical Characteristics.
Electrical Characteristics LM2591HV-5.0
Specifications are for T
J
= 25°C unless otherwise noted.
PARAMETER
SYSTEM PARAMETERS – See
Test Circuits
V
OUT
η
Output Voltage
Efficiency
(3)
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(1)
TYP
(2)
MAX
(1)
UNIT
7 V
≤
V
IN
≤
60 V, 0.2 A
≤
I
LOAD
≤
1 A
V
IN
= 12 V, I
LOAD
= 1 A
4.8
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
4.75
5
5.2
5.25
V
82%
(1)
(2)
(3)
All limits ensured at room temperature (T
J
= 25°C) unless otherwise noted. All room temperature limits are 100% production tested. All
limits at temperature extremes are ensured through correlation using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. All limits are
used to calculate Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).
Typical numbers are at 25°C and represent the most likely norm.
External components such as the catch diode, inductor, input and output capacitors can affect switching regulator system performance.
When the LM2591HV is used as shown in
Test Circuits
test circuit, system performance will be as shown in
Electrical Characteristics.
Electrical Characteristics LM2591HV-ADJ
Specifications are for T
J
= 25°C unless otherwise noted
PARAMETER
SYSTEM PARAMETERS – See
Test Circuits
V
FB
η
Feedback Voltage
Efficiency
(3)
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(1)
TYP
(2)
MAX
(1)
UNIT
4.5 V
≤
V
IN
≤
60 V, 0.2 A
≤
I
LOAD
≤
1 A
V
OUT
programmed for 3 V. Circuit of
Test Circuits.
V
IN
= 12 V, V
OUT
= 3 V, I
LOAD
= 1 A
1.193
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
1.18
1.23
1.267
1.28
V
76%
(1)
(2)
(3)
All limits ensured at room temperature (T
J
= 25°C) unless otherwise noted. All room temperature limits are 100% production tested. All
limits at temperature extremes are ensured through correlation using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. All limits are
used to calculate Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).
Typical numbers are at 25°C and represent the most likely norm.
External components such as the catch diode, inductor, input and output capacitors can affect switching regulator system performance.
When the LM2591HV is used as shown in
Test Circuits
test circuit, system performance will be as shown in
Electrical Characteristics.
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LM2591HV
Electrical Characteristics All Output Voltage Versions
Specifications are for T
J
= 25°C, I
LOAD
= 500 mA, and V
IN
= 12V for the 3.3-V, 5-V, and adjustable versions, unless otherwise
noted.
PARAMETER
DEVICE PARAMETERS
I
b
f
O
V
SAT
DC
Feedback Bias Current
Adjustable Version Only, V
FB
= 1.3 V
See
(3)
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
(1)
TYP
(2)
MAX
(1)
UNIT
10
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
127
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
110
0.95
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
100%
0%
1.3
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
1.2
5
1.9
150
50
100
173
173
1.2
1.3
nA
Oscillator Frequency
kHz
Saturation Voltage
Max Duty Cycle (ON)
Min Duty Cycle (OFF)
Switch current Limit
I
OUT
= 1 A
See
(5) (6)
(4) (5)
V
I
CLIM
I
L
I
Q
I
STBY
Peak Current
(4) (5)
Output = 0 V
Output =
−1
V
(4) (6) (7)
(6)
2.8
3.0
50
30
10
A
μA
mA
mA
μA
Output Leakage Current
Operating Quiescent
Current
Standby Quiescent
Current
5
5
90
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
1.3
T
A
= –40°C to 125°C
2.0
5
0.02
SD/SS Pin Open
SD/SS pin = 0 V
(7)
200
250
ON/OFF CONTROL – See
Test Circuits
V
IH
V
IL
I
H
I
L
ON/OFF Pin Logic Input
Threshold Voltage
ON/OFF Pin Input
Current
Low (Regulator ON)
High (Regulator OFF)
V
LOGIC
= 2.5 V (Regulator OFF)
V
LOGIC
= 0.5 V (Regulator ON)
V
μA
μA
0.6
15
5
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
All limits ensured at room temperature (T
J
= 25°C) unless otherwise noted. All room temperature limits are 100% production tested. All
limits at temperature extremes are ensured through correlation using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. All limits are
used to calculate Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).
Typical numbers are at 25°C and represent the most likely norm.
The switching frequency is reduced when the second stage current limit is activated. The amount of reduction is determined by the
severity of current overload.
No diode, inductor or capacitor connected to output pin.
Feedback pin removed from output and connected to 0 V to force the output transistor switch ON.
Feedback pin removed from output and connected to 12 V for the 3.3-V, 5-V, and the ADJ. version to force the output transistor switch
OFF.
V
IN
= 60 V.
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